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Cherry Rasp Leaf Virus
''Cherry rasp leaf virus (CRLV)'' is a plant pathogenic virus of the order ''Picornavirales'', family ''Secoviridae'', genus ''Cheravirus''. Causes CRLV can be transmitted by nematode ( Xiphinema Americana), mechanical inoculation, grafting, or seed (10–20%). Symptoms Leaves become studded with projections or enation Enations are scaly leaflike structures, differing from leaves in their lack of vascular tissue. They are created by some leaf diseases and occur normally on ''Psilotum''. Enations are also found on some early plants such as ''Rhynia'', where the ...s between the lateral veins and all along the midrib. As a result, the leaves become deformed and folded, looking very narrow. The face of the leaf has a bumpy texture as a result of the enations on the underside. Initial infections begin at the lower branches and patches of the tree will show symptoms. Lateral (tree-to-tree) infection is slow and fruit production is reduced. Severe infection may result in the d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plant
Plants are predominantly Photosynthesis, photosynthetic eukaryotes of the Kingdom (biology), kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all current definitions of Plantae exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria). By one definition, plants form the clade Viridiplantae (Latin name for "green plants") which is sister of the Glaucophyte, Glaucophyta, and consists of the green algae and Embryophyte, Embryophyta (land plants). The latter includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns and Fern ally, their allies, hornworts, liverworts, and mosses. Most plants are multicellular organisms. Green plants obtain most of their energy from sunlight via photosynthesis by primary chloroplasts that are derived from endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria. Their chloroplasts contain chlorophylls a and b, which gives them their green colo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Virus
A virus is a wikt:submicroscopic, submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living Cell (biology), cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's 1892 article describing a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants and the discovery of the tobacco mosaic virus by Martinus Beijerinck in 1898,Dimmock p. 4 more than 9,000 virus species have been described in detail of the millions of types of viruses in the environment. Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most numerous type of biological entity. The study of viruses is known as virology, a subspeciality of microbiology. When infected, a host cell is often forced to rapidly produce thousands of copies of the original virus. When not inside an infected cell or in the process of infecting a cell, viruses exist in the form of independent particles, or ''virions'', consisti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Picornavirales
''Picornavirales'' is an order of viruses with vertebrate, invertebrate, protist and plant hosts. The name has a dual etymology. First, ''picorna-'' is an acronym for poliovirus, insensitivity to ether, coxsackievirus, orphan virus, rhinovirus, and ribonucleic acid. Secondly, pico-, meaning extremely small, combines with RNA to describe these very small RNA viruses. The order comprises viruses that historically are referred to as picorna-like viruses. Characteristics The families within this order share a number of common features: * The virions are non- enveloped, icosahedral, and about 30 nanometers in diameter. * The capsid has a "pseudo T=3" structure, and is composed of 60 protomers each made of three similar-sized but nonidentical beta barrels. * The genome is made of one or a few single-stranded RNA(s) serving directly as mRNA, without overlapping open reading frames. * The genome has a small protein, VPg, covalently attached to its 5' end, and usually a pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secoviridae
''Secoviridae'' is a family of viruses in the order '' Picornavirales''. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 8 genera and 86 species in this family, one of which is unassigned to a genus. The family was created in 2009 with the grouping of families ''Sequiviridae'', now dissolved, and ''Comoviridae'', now subfamily ''Comovirinae'', along with the then unassigned genera ''Cheravirus'', ''Sadwavirus'', and ''Torradovirus''. Taxonomy The family includes the following genera (-''virinae'' denotes subfamily and -''virus'' denotes genus): * '' Comovirinae'' ** '' Comovirus'' ** '' Fabavirus'' ** '' Nepovirus'' * Unassigned to a subfamily: ** '' Cheravirus'' ** '' Sadwavirus'' ** '' Sequivirus'' ** '' Torradovirus'' ** '' Waikavirus'' Lastly, one species is unassigned to a genus: ''Strawberry latent ringspot virus Strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRSV) is a plant pathogenic virus in an Unassigned family. Its entry in the ICTV database indicates this virus is a Sadwavirus bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheravirus
''Cheravirus'' is a genus of viruses in the order ''Picornavirales'', in the family ''Secoviridae''. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are five species in this genus.ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.111.0.01. Cheravirus. In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA The name is derived from Cherry rasp leaf virus. Taxonomy The genus contains the following species: *'' Apple latent spherical virus'' *''Arracacha virus B'' *''Cherry rasp leaf virus'' *''Currant latent virus'' *''Stocky prune virus Stocky may refer to: Humans *Tom Stocky Tom Stocky is an American computer scientist and technology executive. He is vice president of product at insitro, a drug discovery startup. He was previously vice president of Search at Facebook. Stocky w ...'' Structure Viruses in ''Cheravirus'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=pseudo3 symmetry. The diameter is around 25-30 nm. Genomes are linear and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xiphinema Americanum
''Xiphinema americanum'', the American dagger nematode, is a species of plant pathogenic nematodes. It is one of many species that belongs to the genus ''Xiphinema''. It was first described by N. A. Cobb in 1913, who found it on both sides of the United States on the roots of grass, corn, and citrus trees.Cobb, N. A. (1913). "New nematode genera found inhabiting freshwater and non-brackish soils.". ;;J. Wash. Acad. Sci.;; 3: 432–435.4 Not only is ''Xiphinema americanum'' known to vector plant viruses, but also ''X. americanum'' has been referred to as "the most destructive plant parasitic nematode in America", and one of the four major nematode pests in the Southeastern United States.Christie, J. R. (1952). "Some new nematodes of critical importance to Florida growers.". ''Proc. Soil Sci. Soc. Fla.'' 30: 39Thorne, G. (1961). ''Principles of Nematology''. McGraw-Hill. New York. 553pWang, S., Gergerich, R., Wickizer, S., Kim, K. (2002). "Localization of transmissible and nontrans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grafting
Grafting or graftage is a horticultural technique whereby tissues of plants are joined so as to continue their growth together. The upper part of the combined plant is called the scion () while the lower part is called the rootstock. The success of this joining requires that the vascular tissues grow together and such joining is called inosculation. The technique is most commonly used in asexual propagation of commercially grown plants for the horticultural and agricultural trades. In most cases, one plant is selected for its roots and this is called the stock or rootstock. The other plant is selected for its stems, leaves, flowers, or fruits and is called the scion or cion. The scion contains the desired genes to be duplicated in future production by the stock/scion plant. In stem grafting, a common grafting method, a shoot of a selected, desired plant cultivar is grafted onto the stock of another type. In another common form called bud grafting, a dormant side bud is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enation
Enations are scaly leaflike structures, differing from leaves in their lack of vascular tissue. They are created by some leaf diseases and occur normally on '' Psilotum''. Enations are also found on some early plants such as '' Rhynia'', where they are hypothesized to have aided in photosynthesis Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that, through cellular respiration, can later be released to fuel the organism's activities. Some of this chemical energy is stored i .... References Plant morphology Botanical nomenclature {{botany-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
