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Chernoglav
Chernoglav or Chernoglov (Old Icelandic: Tjarnaglófi) is the god of victory and war worshipped in Rügen, probably in the town of Jasmund, mentioned together with Svetovit, Rugievit, Turupid, Puruvit and Pizamar in the ''Knýtlinga saga''. Aleksander Gieysztor and Andrzej Szyjewski read the name as "Chernoglav/Chernoglov" ( Polish: ''Czarnogłów''). Aleksander Brückner, on the other hand, thought that the only correct reading of the name was "Triglav". Jerzy Strzelczyk notes that the warlike character of a god may speak in favor of the "Triglav" reading, but the warlike character was a feature common to many of the Polabian and Pomeranian gods. Henryk Łowmiński decided that Chernogłów is "the cemetery transformation of the Chernobog", and Leszek Moszyński proposed a read "T'arnogłowy" (from Proto-Slavic ''*tьrnъ'', "thorn") meaning "with a head crowned with thorns", which is to refer to Jesus' crown of thorns and be a Christian influence on the late Polabian p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slavic Gods
The pagan Slavs were polytheistic, which means that they worshipped many gods and goddesses. The gods of the Slavs are known primarily from a small number of chronicles and letopises, or not very accurate Christian sermons against paganism. Additionally, more numerous sources in which Slavic theonyms are preserved include names, proper names, place names, folk holidays, and language, including sayings. Information about Slavic paganism, including the gods, is scarce because Christian missionaries were not very interested in the spiritual life of the Slavs. Also, no accounts written down directly by the pagan Slavs exist. During the Christianization missions, the deities, on the one hand, were demonized to deter from worshipping them, on the other hand, their characteristics and functions were assumed by the saints, which was supposed to make the new religion less alien. Common Slavic deities Because of the small number of sources, there is no consensus among scholars of Slavi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pizamar
Pizamar (Old Icelandic ''Pizamarr'') is a Slavic deity worshipped on Rügen. His statue was overthrown by the Danes in 1168 together with statues of other gods on Rügen. He is mentioned only in ''Knýtlinga saga'', which, however, does not give the functions of the god or his image. Nowadays his name may be transcribed into English as Pachomir, Pachemir. The ''Gesta Danorum'' and ''Knýtlinga saga'' describe the conquest of Rügen by the Danes. Both sources describe the destruction of the temple of Svetovit on Arkona, then the temples of Ruyevit, Porevit and Porenut in Charenza. The ''Knýtlinga saga'', however, mentions further conquests, which are no longer described by the ''Gesta Danorum'', and mentions the god ''Pizamar'', who was worshipped in the nearby gord of Asund, nowadays identified with Zagard nearby the Black Lake: There is general agreement that the Icelandic ''-marr'' corresponds to the Slavic suffix ''-mir'' (Proto-Slavic ''*-mirъ'') found in many Slav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerzy Strzelczyk
Jerzy Strzelczyk (born 24 December 1941 in Poznań) is a Polish historian, professor at the Adam Mickiewicz University Adam is the name given in Genesis 1–5 to the first human. Adam is the first human-being aware of God, and features as such in various belief systems (including Judaism, Christianity, Gnosticism and Islam). According to Christianity, Adam si .... External links Biography {{DEFAULTSORT:Strzelczyk, Jerzy 1941 births Living people 20th-century Polish historians Polish male non-fiction writers Members of the Polish Academy of Learning Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań alumni Academic staff of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań Recipients of the Order of Polonia Restituta 21st-century Polish historians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perun
In Slavic paganism, Slavic mythology, Perun () is the highest god of the Pantheon (religion), pantheon and the god of sky, thunder, lightning, storms, rain, law, war, fertility and oak trees. His other attributes were fire, mountains, wind, iris (plant), iris, eagle, firmament (in Indo-European languages, this was joined with the notion of the ''sky of stone''), horses and carts, and weapons (hammer, axe (Axe of Perun), and arrow). The supreme god in the Kievan Rus' during the 9th-10th centuries, Perun was first associated with weapons made of Rock (geology), stone and later with those of metal. Sources Of all historic records describing Slavic gods, those mentioning Perun are the most numerous. As early as the 6th century, he was mentioned in ''De Bello Gothico'', a historical source written by the Byzantine Empire, Eastern Roman historian Procopius. A short note describing beliefs of a certain South Slavic tribe states they ''acknowledge that one god, creator of lightning, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yarovit
Yarovit, Iarovit (or Yerovit, Ierovit) is a Polabian god of war, worshipped in Vologošč ( Circipanians) and Hobolin ( Hobolians; modern Havelberg). Sources give only a brief description of his cult, his main temple was located in Vologošč, where there was a golden shield belonging to Yarovit. By one Christian monk he was identified with the Roman Mars. Etymology In Latin records, this theonym is noted as and . These notations should be read as ''Yarovit'', since in Latin German texts the Slavic element ''jar-'' is sometimes written as ⟨ger-⟩ or ⟨her-⟩ ( = Slavic ''Jarišov'', = Slavic ''Jeruš'', = Slavic ''Jarogněv'' etc.). The notation by ⟨h⟩ is the result of changing the grapheme ⟨g⟩ → ⟨gh⟩ → ⟨h⟩ due to matching Polish pronunciation with German writing. The Old Polabian form is reconstructed as ''*Jerovit''. Scholars connect the root ''jar-'' with the Proto-Slavic adjective ''*jarъ(jь)'' "vigorous, strong" ( dated "vigorous", "imp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christianity
Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion, which states that Jesus in Christianity, Jesus is the Son of God (Christianity), Son of God and Resurrection of Jesus, rose from the dead after his Crucifixion of Jesus, crucifixion, whose coming as the Messiah#Christianity, messiah (Christ (title), Christ) was Old Testament messianic prophecies quoted in the New Testament, prophesied in the Old Testament and chronicled in the New Testament. It is the Major religious groups, world's largest and most widespread religion with over 2.3 billion followers, comprising around 28.8% of the world population. Its adherents, known as Christians, are estimated to make up a majority of the population in Christianity by country, 157 countries and territories. Christianity remains Christian culture, culturally diverse in its Western Christianity, Western and Eastern Christianity, Eastern branches, and doctrinally diverse concerning Justification (theology), justification and the natur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto-Slavic
Proto-Slavic (abbreviated PSl., PS.; also called Common Slavic or Common Slavonic) is the unattested, reconstructed proto-language of all Slavic languages. It represents Slavic speech approximately from the 2nd millennium BC through the 6th century AD. As with most other proto-languages, no attested writings have been found; scholars have reconstructed the language by applying the comparative method to all the attested Slavic languages and by taking into account other Indo-European languages. Rapid development of Slavic speech occurred during the Proto-Slavic period, coinciding with the massive expansion of the Slavic-speaking area. Dialectal differentiation occurred early on during this period, but overall linguistic unity and mutual intelligibility continued for several centuries, into the 10th century or later. During this period, many sound changes diffused across the entire area, often uniformly. This makes it inconvenient to maintain the traditional definition of a prot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chernobog
Chernobog ( "Black God") and Belobog ( "White God") are an alleged pair of Polabian deities. Chernobog appears in Helmold's ''Chronicle'' as a god of misfortune worshipped by the Wagri and Obodrites, while Belobog is not mentioned – he was constructed in opposition to Chernobog. Both gods also appear in later sources, but they are not considered reliable. Researchers do not agree on the status of Chernobog and Belobog: many scholars recognize the authenticity of these theonyms and explain them, for example, as gods of good and evil; on the other hand, many scholars believe that they are pseudo-deities, and Chernobog may have originally meant "bad fate", and was later associated with the Christian devil. Sources In Latin records, this theonym is noted as and . The 12th-century German monk and chronicler Helmold, who accompanied the Christianization missions to the Elbe Slavs, describes in his '' Chronicle of the Slavs'' the cult of Chernobog: Belobog does not appear i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pomeranians (tribe)
The Pomeranians (; ; ), first mentioned as such in the 10th century, were a West Slavic tribe, which from the 5th to the 6th centuries had settled at the shore of the Baltic Sea between the mouths of the Oder and Vistula Rivers (the latter Farther Pomerania and Pomerelia). They spoke the Pomeranian language that belonged to the Lechitic languages, a branch of the West Slavic language family. The name ''Pomerania'' has its origin in the Old Polish ''po more'', which means "Land at the Sea". Prehistory Following the exit of the Hamburgian hunters, the area was inhabited successively by Celts and the Wielbark Culture (Germanic tribes similar to the Goths and the Rugians). Groups of Slavs populated the area as a result of the Slavic migration. The Pomeranian tribes formed around the 6th century. There was also a Pomeranian culture, which was replaced by the Jastorf culture. From around the 6th century, West Slavic tribes migrated via the Vistula and Oder Rivers into the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polabian Slavs
Polabian Slavs, also known as Elbe Slavs and more broadly as Wends, is a collective term applied to a number of Lechites, Lechitic (West Slavs, West Slavic) tribes who lived scattered along the Elbe river in what is today eastern Germany. The approximate territory stretched from the Baltic Sea in the north, the Saale and the ''Limes Saxoniae''Christiansen, 18 in the west, the Ore Mountains and the Western Sudetes in the south, and medieval History of Poland (966–1385), Poland in the east. The Polabian Slavs, largely conquered by Saxons and Danish people, Danes from the 9th century onwards, were included and gradually cultural assimilation, assimilated within the Holy Roman Empire. The tribes became gradually Germanization, Germanized and assimilated in the following centuries; the Sorbs are the only descendants of the Polabian Slavs to have retained their identity and culture. The Polabian language is now extinct. However, the two Sorbian languages are spoken by approximate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Norse
Old Norse, also referred to as Old Nordic or Old Scandinavian, was a stage of development of North Germanic languages, North Germanic dialects before their final divergence into separate Nordic languages. Old Norse was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and their Viking expansion, overseas settlements and chronologically coincides with the Viking Age, the Christianization of Scandinavia, and the consolidation of Scandinavian kingdoms from about the 8th to the 15th centuries. The Proto-Norse language developed into Old Norse by the 8th century, and Old Norse began to develop into the modern North Germanic languages in the mid- to late 14th century, ending the language phase known as Old Norse. These dates, however, are not precise, since written Old Norse is found well into the 15th century. Old Norse was divided into three dialects: Old West Norse (Old West Nordic, often referred to as ''Old Norse''), Old East Norse (Old East Nordic), and Old Gutnish. Old West Norse and O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
