|
Chenoprosopus Lewisi
''Chenoprosopus'' is a genus of extinct cochleosauridae that lived during late Carboniferous and early Permian periods.Reisz, R.R. (2005). "A New Skull of the Cochleosaurid Amphibian Chenoprosopus (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) from the Early Permian of New Mexico". ''New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin No. 30'' Two known species of ''Chenoprosopus'' are ''C. milleri'' and ''C. lewisi. Chenoprosopus lewisi'' was described in the basis of a virtually complete skull with maximum skull length of 95 mm. It is significantly smaller than ''Chenoprosopus milleri'' and was differentiated from that taxon by Hook (1993) based on sutural patterns of the skull roof. Hook also mentioned the reduced size of the vomerine tusks differentiated ''C. lewisi'' from ''C. milleri,'' but the different size of these tusks may be different ontogenetic stages of growth. Many of other cochleosaurids from the same time period have an elongated vomer and wide and elongate choana. However ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animal
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the Biology, biological Kingdom (biology), kingdom Animalia (). With few exceptions, animals heterotroph, consume organic material, Cellular respiration#Aerobic respiration, breathe oxygen, have myocytes and are motility, able to move, can reproduce sexually, and grow from a hollow sphere of Cell (biology), cells, the blastula, during embryonic development. Animals form a clade, meaning that they arose from a single common ancestor. Over 1.5 million extant taxon, living animal species have been species description, described, of which around 1.05 million are insects, over 85,000 are molluscs, and around 65,000 are vertebrates. It has been estimated there are as many as 7.77 million animal species on Earth. Animal body lengths range from to . They have complex ecologies and biological interaction, interactions with each other and their environments, forming intricate food webs. The scientific study of animals is known as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vertebra
Each vertebra (: vertebrae) is an irregular bone with a complex structure composed of bone and some hyaline cartilage, that make up the vertebral column or spine, of vertebrates. The proportions of the vertebrae differ according to their spinal segment and the particular species. The basic configuration of a vertebra varies; the vertebral body (also ''centrum'') is of bone and bears the load of the vertebral column. The upper and lower surfaces of the vertebra body give attachment to the intervertebral discs. The posterior part of a vertebra forms a vertebral arch, in eleven parts, consisting of two pedicles (pedicle of vertebral arch), two laminae, and seven processes. The laminae give attachment to the ligamenta flava (ligaments of the spine). There are vertebral notches formed from the shape of the pedicles, which form the intervertebral foramina when the vertebrae articulate. These foramina are the entry and exit conduits for the spinal nerves. The body of the vertebr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acanthostega Gunnari
''Acanthostega'', from Ancient Greek ἄκανθα (''ákantha''), meaning "spine", and στέγη (''stégē''), meaning "roof", is an extinct genus of stem-tetrapod, among the first vertebrate animals to have recognizable limbs. It appeared in the late Devonian period ( Famennian age) about 365 million years ago, and was anatomically intermediate between lobe-finned fishes and those that were able to come onto land. Discovery The fossilized remains are generally well preserved, with the famous fossil by which the significance of this species was discovered being found by Jennifer A. Clack in East Greenland in 1987, though fragments of the skull had been discovered in 1933 by Gunnar Säve-Söderbergh and Erik Jarvik. Description The ''Acanthostega'' had eight digits on each hand (the number of digits on the feet is unclear) linked by webbing. It lacked wrists, and was generally poorly adapted for walking on land. It also had a remarkably fish-like shoulder and forel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetrapod
A tetrapod (; from Ancient Greek :wiktionary:τετρα-#Ancient Greek, τετρα- ''(tetra-)'' 'four' and :wiktionary:πούς#Ancient Greek, πούς ''(poús)'' 'foot') is any four-Limb (anatomy), limbed vertebrate animal of the clade Tetrapoda (). Tetrapods include all Neontology#Extant taxa versus extinct taxa, extant and Extinction, extinct amphibians and amniotes, with the latter in turn Evolution, evolving into two major clades, the Sauropsida, sauropsids (reptiles, including dinosaurs and therefore birds) and synapsids (extinct pelycosaur, "pelycosaurs", therapsids and all extant mammals, including Homo sapiens, humans). Hox gene mutations have resulted in some tetrapods becoming Limbless vertebrate, limbless (snakes, legless lizards, and caecilians) or two-limbed (cetaceans, sirenians, Bipedidae, some lizards, kiwi (bird), kiwis, and the extinct moa and elephant birds). Nevertheless, they still qualify as tetrapods through their ancestry, and some retain a pair of ves ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chenoprosopus 2DB
''Chenoprosopus'' is a genus of extinct cochleosauridae that lived during late Carboniferous and early Permian periods.Reisz, R.R. (2005). "A New Skull of the Cochleosaurid Amphibian Chenoprosopus (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) from the Early Permian of New Mexico". ''New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin No. 30'' Two known species of ''Chenoprosopus'' are ''C. milleri'' and ''C. lewisi. Chenoprosopus lewisi'' was described in the basis of a virtually complete skull with maximum skull length of 95 mm. It is significantly smaller than ''Chenoprosopus milleri'' and was differentiated from that taxon by Hook (1993) based on sutural patterns of the skull roof. Hook also mentioned the reduced size of the vomerine tusks differentiated ''C. lewisi'' from ''C. milleri,'' but the different size of these tusks may be different ontogenetic stages of growth. Many of other cochleosaurids from the same time period have an elongated vomer and wide and elongate choana. Howeve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edopoidea
Edopoidea is a clade of primitive temnospondyl amphibians including the genus ''Edops'' and the family Cochleosauridae. Edopoids are known from the Late Carboniferous and Early Permian of North America and Europe, and the Late Permian of Africa. They are among the most basal temnospondyls, and possess a number of primitive features that were lost in later members of the group. Description Edopoids are relatively large temnospondyls, with many species estimated to have grown several meters in length. The skull of ''Edops'' is broad while those of cochleosaurids are narrower and elongated. Distinguishing features of edopoids include the presence of an intertemporal bone that is absent in all other temnospondyls, and the lack of a pineal foramen, a small hole on the skull roof of many early tetrapods (young individuals still possess this hole). Relative to other temnospondyls, edopoids also have enlarged premaxillae, maxillae, and nasal bones in the snout region, which constrict t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chenoprosopus Lewisi Hook
''Chenoprosopus'' is a genus of extinct cochleosauridae that lived during late Carboniferous and early Permian periods.Reisz, R.R. (2005). "A New Skull of the Cochleosaurid Amphibian Chenoprosopus (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) from the Early Permian of New Mexico". ''New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin No. 30'' Two known species of ''Chenoprosopus'' are ''C. milleri'' and ''C. lewisi. Chenoprosopus lewisi'' was described in the basis of a virtually complete skull with maximum skull length of 95 mm. It is significantly smaller than ''Chenoprosopus milleri'' and was differentiated from that taxon by Hook (1993) based on sutural patterns of the skull roof. Hook also mentioned the reduced size of the vomerine tusks differentiated ''C. lewisi'' from ''C. milleri,'' but the different size of these tusks may be different ontogenetic stages of growth. Many of other cochleosaurids from the same time period have an elongated vomer and wide and elongate choana. Howeve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nigerpeton
''Nigerpeton'' (''Niger'', for the country, and ''herpeton'' (Greek), meaning crawler)Sidor, C.A., O’Keefe, F.R., Damiani, R., Steyer, J.S., Smith, R.M.H., Larsson, H.C.E., Sereno, P.C., Ide, O., Maga, A., 2005. Permian tetrapods from the Sahara show climate-controlled endemism in Pangaea. ''Nature'' 434, 886–889. is an extinct genus of crocodile-like temnospondyls from the late Permian (Changhsingian) period.Steyer, J.S., Damiani, R., Sidor, C.A., O’Keefe, F.R., Larsson, H.C.E., Maga, A., Ide, O., 2006. The vertebrate fauna of the Upper Permian of Niger. IV. Nigerpeton ricqlesi (Temnospondyli: Cochleosauridae), and the edopoid colonization of Gondwana. J. Vert. Paleontol. 26, 18–28. These temnospondyls lived in modern-day Niger, which was once part of central Pangaea, about 250 million years ago. ''Nigerpeton'' is a member of the Cochleosauridae family, a group of Edopoidea, edopoid temnospondyl amphibians known from the late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian (geology), Pennsy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chenoprosopus Milleri Skull
''Chenoprosopus'' is a genus of extinct cochleosauridae that lived during late Carboniferous and early Permian periods.Reisz, R.R. (2005). "A New Skull of the Cochleosaurid Amphibian Chenoprosopus (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) from the Early Permian of New Mexico". ''New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin No. 30'' Two known species of ''Chenoprosopus'' are ''C. milleri'' and ''C. lewisi. Chenoprosopus lewisi'' was described in the basis of a virtually complete skull with maximum skull length of 95 mm. It is significantly smaller than ''Chenoprosopus milleri'' and was differentiated from that taxon by Hook (1993) based on sutural patterns of the skull roof. Hook also mentioned the reduced size of the vomerine tusks differentiated ''C. lewisi'' from ''C. milleri,'' but the different size of these tusks may be different ontogenetic stages of growth. Many of other cochleosaurids from the same time period have an elongated vomer and wide and elongate choana. Howeve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diadectes
''Diadectes'' (meaning ''crosswise-biter'') is an extinct genus of large reptiliomorphs or synapsids that lived during the early Permian period ( Artinskian- Kungurian stages of the Cisuralian epoch, between 290 and 272 million years ago). ''Diadectes'' was one of the first herbivorous tetrapods, and also one of the first fully terrestrial vertebrates to attain large size. Description ''Diadectes'' was a heavily built animal, up to long, with a thick-boned skull, heavy vertebrae and ribs, massive limb girdles, and short, robust limbs. The nature of the limbs and vertebrae clearly indicates a terrestrial animal. The rib cage was assumed to be barrel-shaped, but new fossils show the ribs were actually sticking out to the sides. High-resolution X-ray microcomputed tomography has revealed an endosseous labyrinth in the opisthotic, prootic, and supraoccipital of ''D. absitus'', along with a well-preserved vestibule, three semicircular canals, and a developed cochlear recess. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Cobre Canyon Formation
The El Cobre Canyon Formation is a Formation (geology), geologic formation in New Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the late Pennsylvanian to early Permian Period (geology), periods. Description The El Cobre Canyon Formation consists of siliciclastic red beds with a total thickness of roughly . These lie on Proterozoic basement (geology), basement and are in turn overlain by the Arroyo del Agua Formation. At its type section, the formation is 66% siltstone and 21% sandstone, with minor Conglomerate (geology), conglomerate (9%) sandy shale (2%), and calcrete (1%). The beds are pale reddish brown in color, and can readily be distinguished from the orange beds of the overlying Arroyo del Agua Formation. The siltstone beds contain many rhizoliths, while the sandstone beds are coarse grained, arkosic, and micaceous, with trough crossbedding. The sandstones form thick cliffs and benches. The conglomerates are composed mostly of fragments of basement rock. The formation correl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chordata
A chordate ( ) is a bilaterian animal belonging to the phylum Chordata ( ). All chordates possess, at some point during their larval or adult stages, five distinctive physical characteristics (Apomorphy and synapomorphy, synapomorphies) that distinguish them from other Taxon, taxa. These five synapomorphies are a notochord, a neural tube, hollow dorsal nerve cord, an endostyle or thyroid, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anus, anal tail. In addition to the morphological characteristics used to define chordates, analysis of genome sequences has identified two conserved signature indels (CSIs) in their proteins: cyclophilin-like protein and inner mitochondrial membrane protease ATP23, which are exclusively shared by all vertebrates, tunicates and cephalochordates. These CSIs provide molecular means to reliably distinguish chordates from all other animals. Chordates are divided into three phylum, subphyla: Vertebrata (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals), whose notochor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
