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Chaophraya Chakri
The ''samuhanayok'' () was one of the two chief ministers in the historical Chatusadom government system of Siam (now Thailand), originally charged with civil affairs but later overseeing both civil and military affairs in northern cities. During the Ayutthaya and Thonburi periods, the official who held the post usually took the noble title of Chakri (, ). The term, from Sanskrit चक्री ''cakrī'', literally meant "one who has a discus", referring to the Hindu god Vishnu who possesses the discus Sudarshana). The last office-holder to be known by the title Chakri was Thongduang, who established the Rattanakosin Kingdom and became King Rama I in 1782. His dynasty, which includes the current Thai royal family, is known as the Chakri Dynasty after his former title. Later office-holders of Rattanakosin were granted individualized titles. List of ''samuhanayok'' See also * List of samuhakalahom The ''samuhakalahom'' () was one of the two chief ministers in the historic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chatusadom
Chatusadom or Catustambha ( , literally "Four Pillars" from Sanskrit ''Catur'' "Four" + ''Stambha'' "Pillars") was the Thai system of central executive governance during the Ayutthaya Kingdom, Thonburi Kingdom and Rattanakosin Kingdom from 1454 to 1892. For about four hundred years, it had served as the constitution of central government of Siam or Thailand until King Chulalongkorn organized ''Chatusadom'' into modern ministries and officially established the Cabinet on April 1, 1892. The ''Chatusadom'' system King Trailokanat promulgated the constitution of ''Chatusadom'' in his Palatine Law, or ''Phra aiyakan tamnaeng na phonlaruean'' (), with the promulgation date being 1454. The original written law had been lost, however. ''Chatusadom'' went through subsequent amendments over time and King Rama I enacted the Palatine Law in the Three Seals Law, from which the ''Chatusadom'' was mostly studied. The ''Chatusadom'' bureaucracy was divided into ''Phonlaruean'' () or Civil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sheikh Ahmad Seal
Sheikh ( , , , , ''shuyūkh'' ) is an honorific title in the Arabic language, literally meaning " elder". It commonly designates a tribal chief or a Muslim scholar. Though this title generally refers to men, there are also a small number of female sheikhs in history. The title ''Syeikha'' or ''Sheikha'' generally refers to women. In some countries, it is given as a surname to those of great knowledge in religious affairs, by a prestigious religious leader from a chain of Sufi scholars. The word is mentioned in the Qur'an in three places: verse 72 of Hud, 78 of Yusuf, and 23 of al-Qasas. A royal family member of the United Arab Emirates and some other Arab countries, also has this title, since the ruler of each emirate is also the sheikh of their tribe. Etymology and meaning The word in Arabic stems from a triliteral root connected with aging: , ''shīn-yā'-khā. The title carries the meaning leader, elder, or noble, especially in the Arabian Peninsula within the Tribes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uthumphon
Uthumphon (; ) Maha Thammarachathirat III or Uthumphon Mahaphon Phinit (; c. 1733– 1796) was the 32nd and penultimate monarch of the Ayutthaya Kingdom, ruling in 1758 for about three months. Facing various throne claimants, Uthumphon was finally forced to abdicate and enter monkhood. His preference of being a monk rather than keeping the throne earned him the epithet "Khun Luang Ha Wat" (), or "the king who lives in the temple".Rajanubhab, D., 2001, Our Wars With the Burmese, Bangkok: White Lotus Co. Ltd., His memorial tomb is located in the Linzin Hill (, ) cemetery in Amarapura, about northeast of the U Bein Bridge. Early life Uthumphon was born in 1730 during the reign of his uncle King Thai Sa. Uthumphon's father Prince Phon was the younger brother of King Thai Sa and the ''Wangna'' or vice king of the Front Palace, the royal heir presumptive. Uthumphon's mother was Princess Consort Phlap, one of the two main consorts of Prince Phon, daughter of Chaophraya Bamroe Phutho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borommakot
King Borommakot (, ) or King Maha Thammarachathirat II () was the king of Ayutthaya from 1733 to 1758. His reign was the last blooming period of Ayutthaya as the kingdom would fall nine years after his death.Chakrabongse, C., 1960, Lords of Life, London: Alvin Redman Limited "His reign of 25 years is important for being the last peaceful period of Ayudhya during which literature with the arts and crafts flurished." However, the king himself was known for "cruelty to people and animals alike," with seven of his sons meeting violent deaths. Much of what survives in Ayutthaya today dates back to Borommakot's massive renovations of Ayutthaya temples in the second quarter of the 18th century. King Rama I attempted to emulate the religious customs of Ayutthaya during Borommakot's reign in the early Bangkok period and even postponed his coronation until he was certain that his coronation was confidently modelled off of Borommakot's coronation. Ayutthya civil war Prince Phon () was the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thai Sa
Prince Phet (, ) or King of Banyongrattanat Palace () or known as the King Thai Sa (, ) (meaning "King beside the Poolside" because he often lived in the Banyongrattanat Palace, which is located beside the pool) was the King of Ayutthaya from 1709 to 1733 and the third ruler from the Ban Phlu Luang dynasty.Rajanubhab, D., 2001, Our Wars With the Burmese, Bangkok: White Lotus Co. Ltd., Reign King of Banyongrattanat Palace was born Prince Phet () to King Sanphet VIII and his principal queen. After the death of his father in 1709 Prince Phet was crowned as King of Siam and took the reigning name Phumintharacha (). He appointed his brother Prince Phon as the Prince Viceroy in First Class. The king was said to be so fond of silver barb that he forbade anyone but himself from fishing them or else they would be fined, and he liked to fish often in the pool beside Banyongrattanat Palace, where he came to live regularly. This earned him the epithet "Angler King" (). His reign was marke ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suriyenthrathibodi
King Sanphet VIII () or King Suriyenthrathibodi () (1661 – 1708) was the King of Ayutthaya from 1703 to 1708 and the second ruler of the Ban Phlu Luang Dynasty. Suriyenthrathibodi was also known by the noble title he held before ascending the throne, Luang Sorasak (). He was the adopted son of Phetracha, the founder of the Ban Phlu Luang dynasty.Rajanubhab, D., 2001, Our Wars With the Burmese, Bangkok: White Lotus Co. Ltd., Early life Born in Phichit Province, Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1661, Prince Ma Duea was the secret son of King Narai and his concubine Princess Kusawadi of Chiang Mai. Back then Kusawadi was already pregnant with him when Narai gave her to Phetracha to be his wife, Phetracha raised him as his own son. At a young age, he showed great interest in learning the art of the eight limbs, the forerunner to modern Muay Thai, under the tutelage of Ajahn Saeng, the son of the abbot of Mahathat, and continually became involved in flight and brawls. The "Revolution" of 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phetracha
Phetracha (alternative spellings: ''Bedraja'', ''P'etraja'', ''Petraja'', ''Petratcha''; also called ''Phra Phetracha''; , ; 1632– 5 February 1703) was a king of the Ayutthaya Kingdom, usurping the throne from his predecessor King Narai and originally settled in Phluluang Village. His dynasty, the Ban Phlu Luang dynasty, was the last ruling house of the Ayutthaya Kingdom.Reid, Anthony (Editor), Dhiravat na Prombeja, ''Southeast Asia in the Early Modern Era'', Cornell University Press, 1993, Originally a member of King Narai's extended family (two of his relatives were among Narai's wives), he was a trusted councilor of Narai, and the Director-General of the Royal Department of Elephants. However, in 1688 he led the Siamese revolution of 1688, had Narai's heirs executed, and by marrying Narai's only daughter took the throne of Ayutthaya kingdom upon Narai's death. He opposed the pro-French policies of Narai, ejecting the French officers and some other French citizens from the ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantine Phaulkon
Constantine Phaulkon ( Greek: Κωνσταντῖνος Γεράκης, ''Konstantinos Gerakis''; γεράκι is the Greek word for " falcon"; also known as Costantin Gerachi, ''Capitão Falcão'' in Portuguese and simply as ''Monsieur Constance'' in French; 1647 – 5 June 1688) was a Greek adventurer who became chief minister to King Narai of the Ayutthaya Kingdom and assumed the Thai noble title " Chao Phraya Wichayen" (เจ้าพระยาวิชาเยนทร์).Chakrabongse, C., 1960, Lords of Life, London: Alvin Redman Limited Origins Constantine Phaulkon was born to Greek parents within Assos Castle in the region of Erisso (''pertinenza di Erisso'') on northern Cephalonia (then under Venetian rule). His father's name was Zuane ( Greek: Τζουγάνης that is John) and his mother's is still unknown. The Gerakis (Γεράκης) / Gerachi family was already established in the village of Plagia (Πλαγιά), since the 16th century. Early career A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantin Phaulkon
Constantin is an Aromanian, Megleno-Romanian and Romanian male given name. It can also be a surname. For a list of notable people called Constantin, see Constantine (name). See also * Constantine (name) * Konstantin The first name Konstantin () is a derivation from the Latin name '' Constantinus'' ( Constantine) in some European languages, such as Bulgarian, Russian, Estonian and German. As a Christian given name, it refers to the memory of the Roman empe ... References {{Reflist Aromanian masculine given names Megleno-Romanian masculine given names Romanian masculine given names Masculine given names Romanian-language surnames ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Narai
King Narai the Great (, , ) or Ramathibodi III ( ) was the 27th monarch of Ayutthaya Kingdom, the 4th and last monarch of the Prasat Thong dynasty. He was the king of Ayutthaya Kingdom from 1656 to 1688 and arguably the most famous king of the Prasat Thong dynasty. His reign was the most prosperous during the Ayutthaya period and saw the great commercial and diplomatic activities with foreign nations including the Middle East and the West. During the later years of his reign, Narai gave his favorite – the Greek adventurer Constantine Phaulkon – so much power that Phaulkon technically became the chancellor of the state. Through the arrangements of Phaulkon, the Siamese kingdom came into close diplomatic relations with the court of Louis XIV and French soldiers and missionaries filled the Siamese aristocracy and defense. The dominance of French officials led to frictions between them and the native mandarins and led to the turbulent revolution of 1688 towards the end of h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Si Suthammaracha
Si Suthammaracha (, ) was the King of Ayutthaya from August 1656 to 26 October 1656 (2 months 17 Days). He was a younger brother of Prasat Thong. Not long after Si Suthammaracha seized the throne from Chao Fa Chai, He quarrelled with his nephew, Prince Narai, They began to fight against each other, Si Suthammaracha was captured and executed after defeated in single combat with Narai on 26 October 1656. Struggle the throne Upon King Prasat Thong’s death in 1656, Prince Chao Fa Chai, his eldest son, succeeded his father as King Sanpet VI. However, it was a Thai tradition gave brothers a higher priority over sons in succession. Prince Si Suthammaracha, Chao Fa Chai's uncle, plotted with his nephew, Prince Narai, to bring Sanpet VI down. After nine months of ascension, Sanpet VI was executed following a coup. Narai and his uncle marched into the palace, and Si Suthammaracha crowned himself king. Si Suthammaracha appointed Narai as the ''Uparaja'', or the Front Palace. However, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chai (king Of Ayutthaya)
Chai (), full title in Thai Somdet Chaofa Chai () or King Sanpet VI, was a king of Ayutthaya, reigning almost 1 year from 1655 to 1656. Reign and Overthrow Upon King Prasat Thong’s death in 1655, Chaofa Chai, his eldest son, succeeded his father as King Sanpet VI. However, it was a Thai tradition gave brothers a higher priority over sons in succession. Prince Si Suthammaracha, Chaofa Chai's uncle, plotted with his nephew, Prince Narai, to bring Chaofa Chai down. After nine months of ascension, Chaofa Chai was executed following a coup.Rajanubhab, D., 2001, Our Wars With the Burmese, Bangkok: White Lotus Co. Ltd., Chakrabongse, C., 1960, Lords of Life, London: Alvin Redman Limited Narai and his uncle marched into the palace, and Si Suthammaracha crowned himself king. Si Suthammaracha appointed Narai as the ''Uparaja'', or the Front Palace Krom Phra Ratchawang Bowon Sathan Mongkhon , colloquially known as the Front Palace (, ), was the title of the ''uparaja'' of Siam, vari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
