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Chao (surname)
Chao is a surname in various cultures. It is the Pinyin spelling of two Chinese surnames ( and ), the Wade–Giles spelling of two others ( or the much rarer , both spelled in Pinyin as Zhào), and a regional or other spelling of two additional Chinese surnames ( Cáo and Zhōu). It is also a Galician and Portuguese surname. Origins Chinese surname Cháo () This surname is written with a character meaning "dawn" (). According to traditional sources including ''Fengsu Tongyi'', ''Yuanhe Xingzuan'', ''Xingshi Kaolüe'' (), and the surnames/clans section () of the '' Tongzhi'' encyclopedia, both this surname and another written with a character also meaning "dawn" () originated from personal names of people during the Spring and Autumn period, and were adopted by their descendants as surnames, following which some descendants changed their surname from one character to the other. The latter surname originated from , a son of King Jing of Zhou (544–519 BC), while the forme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Language
Chinese (, especially when referring to written Chinese) is a group of languages spoken natively by the ethnic Han Chinese majority and many minority ethnic groups in Greater China. About 1.3 billion people (or approximately 16% of the world's population) speak a variety of Chinese as their first language. Chinese languages form the Sinitic branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages family. The spoken varieties of Chinese are usually considered by native speakers to be variants of a single language. However, their lack of mutual intelligibility means they are sometimes considered separate languages in a family. Investigation of the historical relationships among the varieties of Chinese is ongoing. Currently, most classifications posit 7 to 13 main regional groups based on phonetic developments from Middle Chinese, of which the most spoken by far is Mandarin (with about 800 million speakers, or 66%), followed by Min (75 million, e.g. Southern Min), Wu (74 million, e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spring And Autumn Period
The Spring and Autumn period was a period in Chinese history from approximately 770 to 476 BC (or according to some authorities until 403 BC) which corresponds roughly to the first half of the Eastern Zhou period. The period's name derives from the ''Spring and Autumn Annals'', a chronicle of the state of Lu between 722 and 479 BCE, which tradition associates with Confucius (551–479 BCE). During this period, the Zhou royal authority over the various feudal states eroded as more and more dukes and marquesses obtained ''de facto'' regional autonomy, defying the king's court in Luoyi and waging wars amongst themselves. The gradual Partition of Jin, one of the most powerful states, marked the end of the Spring and Autumn period and the beginning of the Warring States period. Background In 771 BCE, a Quanrong invasion in coalition with the states of Zeng and Shen — the latter polity being the fief of the grandfather of the disinherited crown prince Yijiu — destroye ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toponymic Surname
A toponymic surname or topographic surname is a surname derived from a place name."Toponymic Surnames as Evidence of the Origin: Some Medieval Views" , by Benjamin Z. Kedar. This can include specific locations, such as the individual's place of origin, residence, or of lands that they held, or can be more generic, derived from topographic features.Iris Shagir, "The Medieval Evolution of By-naming: Notions from the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem", ''In Laudem Hierosolymitani'' (Shagir, Ellenblum & Riley-Smith, eds.), Ashgate Publishing, 2007, pp. 49-59. Toponymic surnames originated as non-hereditary personal by-names, and only subsequently came to be family names. The origins o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Youchao
Youchao (, lit. "Nest-Owner") is the inventor of houses and buildings, according to China's ancient mythology. He is said to have been one of The Three August Ones in ancient China. He is an obscure figure, also known as Da Chao (). Tradition holds that he ruled over China for 200 years. According to Han Feizi, people could avoid harm from animals with the help of buildings made from wood, which was taught by Youchao. There is the legend of the Four Clans (), who took part in creating the world. The four members are Youchao, Suiren, Fuxi, and Shennong Shennong (), variously translated as "Divine Farmer" or "Divine Husbandman", born Jiang Shinian (), was a mythological Chinese ruler known as the first Yan Emperor who has become a deity in Chinese and Vietnamese folk religion. He is vene ....王恆偉. (2005) (2006) 中國歷史講堂 #1 遠古至春秋. 中華書局. . pp. 4–7. References Citations Sources * Christie, Anthony (1968). ''Chinese My ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hundred Family Surnames
The ''Hundred Family Surnames'' (), commonly known as ''Bai Jia Xing'', also translated as ''Hundreds of Chinese Surnames'', is a classic Chinese text composed of common Chinese surnames. An unknown author compiled the book during the Song dynasty (960–1279).K. S. Tom. 989(1989). Echoes from Old China: Life, Legends and Lore of the Middle Kingdom p. 12. University of Hawaii Press. . The book lists 507 surnames. Of these, 441 are single-character surnames and 66 are double-character surnames. About 800 names have been derived from the original ones. In the dynasties following the Song, the 13th-century '' Three Character Classic'', the ''Hundred Family Surnames'', and the 6th-century '' Thousand Character Classic'' came to be known as ''San Bai Qian'' (Three, Hundred, Thousand), from the first character in their titles. They served as instructional books for children, becoming the almost universal introductory literary texts for students (almost exclusively boys) from elit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triệu
Triệu is a Vietnamese surname, it is the equivalent of the Mandarin Chinese surname Zhao (趙). Trieu is the anglicized variation of the surname Triệu. Notable people with the surname Triệu * Triệu Thị Trinh or Lady Triệu: a female Vietnamese warrior (225 to 248 CE) also known as the Vietnamese Joan of Arc. *The Triệu/Zhao royals of Triệu dynasty/Nanyue * Triệu Việt Vương (Triệu Quang Phục), independence leader in the 6th century * Andy Trieu Andy Minh Trieu (born 10 December 1984), commonly known as Andy Trieu, is an Australian host, actor and martial artist. He is a three-time Australian Champion Martial Artist. Early life Trieu was born in Canberra to Vietnamese parents. He atte ..., (1984–), Australian host, actor and martial artist. He is a three-time Australian Champion Martial Artist. * Triệu Việt Hưng (1997–), Vietnamese footballer See also * Treu, surname Vietnamese-language surnames {{surname-stub vi:Triệu (họ) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sino-Vietnamese Vocabulary
Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary ( vi, từ Hán Việt, Chữ Hán: 詞漢越, literally ' Chinese-Vietnamese words') is a layer of some 3,000 monosyllabic morphemes of the Vietnamese language borrowed from Literary Chinese with consistent pronunciations based on " Annamese" Middle Chinese. Compounds using these morphemes are used extensively in cultural and technical vocabulary. Together with Sino-Korean and Sino-Japanese vocabularies, Sino-Vietnamese has been used in the reconstruction of the sound categories of Middle Chinese. Samuel Martin grouped the three together as " Sino-xenic". There is also an Old Sino-Vietnamese layer consisting of a few hundred words borrowed individually from Chinese in earlier periods. These words are treated by speakers as native. More recent loans from southern varieties of Chinese, usually names of foodstuffs such as ' Chinese sausage', are not treated as Sino-Vietnamese. Estimates of the proportion of words of Chinese origin in the Vietnamese lex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jo (Korean Surname)
Jo (, sometimes written as Cho) is a Korean family name, traditionally a royal family name in Korea. As of 2000, there were 1,347,730 people by this surname in South Korea, about 1% of the total population. The name may represent either of the Hanja or . List of people with the surname People from the past * Jo Gwangjo (1482-1520), scholar-official of the Joseon period * Jo Man-yeong (1776-1846), father of Queen Shinjeong * Cho Man-sik (1883-1950), activist of the Korea's independence movement People from present times ;Cho * Alina Cho, American journalist * Arden Cho, American actress * Cho Byung-hwa, South Korean poet, critic and essayist * Cho Byung-kuk, South Korean football player * Cho Chi-hun, South Korean poet, critic, and activist * Cho Chikun, South Korean Go player * David Yonggi Cho, South Korean Christian minister * Erica Cho, American artist * Frank Cho, Korean-American comic writer * Henry Cho, American stand-up comedian * Cho Hunhyun, South Korean Go p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sino-Korean Vocabulary
Sino-Korean vocabulary or Hanja-eo () refers to Korean words of Chinese origin. Sino-Korean vocabulary includes words borrowed directly from Chinese, as well as new Korean words created from Chinese characters, and words borrowed from Sino-Japanese vocabulary. Many of these terms were borrowed during the height of Chinese-language literature on Korean culture. Anywhere from 30-60 percent of Korean words are of Chinese character origin. Many of these words have also been truncated or altered for the Korean language. History The use of Chinese and Chinese characters in Korea dates back to at least 194 BCE. While Sino-Korean words were widely used during the Three Kingdoms period, they became even more popular during the Silla period. During this time, male aristocrats changed their given names A given name (also known as a forename or first name) is the part of a personal name quoted in that identifies a person, potentially with a middle name as well, and different ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xi'e
Xi'e ( Chinese: , p ''Xī'è'') was a region of ancient China in present-day Henan and Hubei. Under the Qin and Han dynasties and during the Three Kingdoms period, Xi'e County ( t , s , ''Xī'èxiàn'') was also a county in the Nanyang Commandery. __NOTOC__ Regions of China Name Xi'e (lit. "Western E") took its name from the E, a Shang-dynasty vassal state probably originally located in modern Shanxi. The name is now pronounced as a brief, hard schwa (IPA: ), but the ancient pronunciation of the name has been reconstructed as closer to ''*Ngˤak''. Around the time of the Qin, therefore, "Xi'e" would have been pronounced something like ''*Snˤər Ngˤak''. By the Jin, it would have been Middle Chinese ''Ser Ngak''."Middle Chinese readings for 9000 Guangyun characters in Baxter’s notation"pp. 30 & 133. 2011. Accessed 14 November 2013. History During the Zhou, E was forced to relocate at least twice under pressure from Jin and Chu. Absorbed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nanyang Commandery
Nanyang Commandery ( zh, 南陽郡) was a Chinese commandery that existed from the Warring States period to Tang dynasty. It was centered in present-day Nanyang, Henan. History Nanyang Commandery was established by Qin in the 35th year of King Zhao (272 BC). The seat was Wan (), present-day Nanyang, Henan. It consisted of the land north of the Han River previously conquered from Chu. In the Western Han dynasty, the commandery consisted of 36 counties: Wan, Chou (), Duyan (), Zan (), Yuyang (), Boshan (), Nieyang (), Yin (), Duyang (), Zhi (), Shandu (), Caiyang (), Xinye (), Zhuyang (), Jiyang (), Wudang (), Wuyin (), Xi'e (), Rang (), Li (), Anzhong (), Guanjun (), Biyang (), Pingshi (), Sui (), She (), Deng (), Chaoyang (), Luyang (), Chongling (), Xindu (), Huyang (), Hongyang (), Lecheng (), Bowang (), and Fuyang (). The total population in 2 AD was 1,942,051, in 359,116 households. By 140 AD, the population had grown to 2,439,618, in 528,551 households. During the Thre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Records Of The Grand Historian
''Records of the Grand Historian'', also known by its Chinese name ''Shiji'', is a monumental history of China that is the first of China's 24 dynastic histories. The ''Records'' was written in the early 1st century by the ancient Chinese historian Sima Qian, whose father Sima Tan had begun it several decades earlier. The work covers a 2,500-year period from the age of the legendary Yellow Emperor to the reign of Emperor Wu of Han in the author's own time, and describes the world as it was known to the Chinese of the Western Han dynasty. The ''Records'' has been called a "foundational text in Chinese civilization". After Confucius and the First Emperor of Qin, "Sima Qian was one of the creators of Imperial China, not least because by providing definitive biographies, he virtually created the two earlier figures." The ''Records'' set the model for all subsequent dynastic histories of China. In contrast to Western historical works, the ''Records'' do not treat history as "a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
