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Chakma Raja
The Chakma Circle (, ), also known as the Chakma Raj (), is one of three hereditary chiefdoms (or "Circles") in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of modern-day Bangladesh. The Chakma Circle encompasses parts of Rangamati Hill District and Dighinala and Rajasthali Upazilas in neighbouring Khagrachari District and Bandarban District respectively. The chiefdom's members are of Chakma descent. Leadership The Chakma Circle is led by a hereditary chieftain called a raja, whose role encompasses judicial, administrative, ceremonial, legal and social responsibilities. Political power is passed from the father to the first-born son. The incumbent chieftain is Devasish Roy (b. 10 April 1959), according to the ''Chakma Bijok'', a compilation of the Chakma history (1876-1934 CE). The Chakma chieftain also sits on the Advisory Council for the Ministry of Chittagong Hill Tracts Affairs and the Rangamati Hill District Council. The Chakma chieftain leads a rajpunyah festival. History Pre-colo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tribal Monarchy In Chittagong Hill Tracts
The three districts of the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bandarban District, Bandarban, Rangamati District, Rangamati and Khagrachari District, Khagrachari, have developed a tribal monarchy system. In 1860, the British Raj, British government divided the Chittagong Hill Tracts into three circles–Chakma Circle, Chakma, Bohmong Circle, Bomang and Mong Circle, Mong. Bomang Circle is located in Bandarban, Chakma Circle in Rangamati and Mong Circle in Khagrachari. The monarchs of these three districts are known as three kings. For centuries, the people of the Chittagong Hill Tracts have been following the orders of the three kings. Currently, their activities are limited to issuing permanent resident certificates, tax collection, some social justice, arbitration meetings. Monarchs According to the rules of the Chakma and Mong circles, the eldest son of the royal family is appointed as the king in the lineage, but in the Bomang circle, the eldest of the dynasty becomes the king. Current ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naf River
The Naf River ( ''Naf Nodi'' ; ; ) is an international river marking part of the Bangladesh–Myanmar border, border of southeastern Bangladesh and northwestern Myanmar. Geography The Naf's average depth is , and maximum depth is . Its width varies from 1.61 km to 3.22 km. It flows into the Bay of Bengal in the Indian Ocean, between the Bangladeshi Cox's Bazar District of the Chittagong Division, and the Burmese Rakhine State. Historically, Shapuree Island, located at the mouth of the river, has played an important role territorially. It is considered one of the immediate causes for the first Anglo-Burmese War. St. Martin's Island is also at the river's mouth. River incidents with fishermen and refugees Regular incidents in which fishermen and Burmese refugees are shot at by the Tatmadaw (Myanmar Armed Forces), and/or refugees fleeing Myanmar are escorted back to Myanmar by Bangladeshi troops have occurred on the Naf River. These include but are not limited to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tridev Roy
Raja Tridiv Roy (; Chakma: 𑄖𑄳𑄢𑄨𑄘𑄨𑄝𑄴 𑄢𑄧𑄠𑄴) sometimes spelled Tridev Roy, (14 May 1933 – 17 September 2012) was a Pakistani politician, diplomat and writer who was the Minister of the Minority Affairs in Zulfikar Ali Bhutto cabinet. He was also the 50th Raja/King of the Chakma tribe in the Chittagong Hill Tracts region of present-day Bangladesh from 2 May 1953, until his abdication in 1971 following the Bangladesh Liberation War.Hindus Contribution Towards Making Of Pakistan Retrieved 28 January 2011 He chose to remain a Pakistani when Bangladesh achieved independence in 1971. He became known as a writer, diplomat, |
Nalinaksha Roy
Raja Nalinaksha Roy (6 June 1902 – 7 October 1951) was the 49th Raja of the Chakma Circle. Biography Roy married Rani Benita Roy (1905–1990) née Sen, the daughter of barrister Saral Sen and granddaughter of "Brahmanand" Keshub Chandra Sen, a Bengali Hindu social reformer from Brahma Samaj. He was installed as Chakma Raja on 7 March 1935. Roy had three sons, Tridiv Roy, Samit Roy, Nandit Roy, and three daughters, Amiti Roy, Moitri Roy, and Rajashree Roy. Roy met Sir John Anderson, the governor of Bengal, at Rangamati in November 1935 during the latter's tour of the Chittagong Hill Tracts District. It was during Roy's reign that India and Pakistan gained independence in 14–16 August 1947 and the Chittagong Hill Tracts was assigned to the independent state of Pakistan, though the district had a 98% non-Muslim Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bhuvan Mohan Roy
Raja Bhuvan Mohan Roy (1876–1934) was the Chief of the Chakma Circle in the Chittagong Hill Tracts from 1897 until 1933. Biography He was born in 1876 to Raja Harish Chandra Rai Bahadur, Chief of the Chakma Circle. After the death of his father in 1885, the Court of Wards assumed the administration of the estate and the Chakma Circle, Bhuvan Mohan being a minor. Bhuvan Mohan Roy was installed as Chief of the Chakma Circle on 7 May 1897, in recognition of which he received the personal title of Raja. In 1898, he established a Buddhist monastery, Sonaichari Rajvihar, at Sonaichari in what is now Rangunia Upazila. Dashabal Raj Bouddha Vihar was also established under his patronage. He attended the Delhi Durbar of December 1911. James Philip Mills, an Indian Civil Service officer tasked in 1926–1927 with investigating how the Bengal Government could best use the Chittagong Hill Tracts Chiefs in the administration, wrote of him: His son, Nalinaksha Roy Raja Nalinaksha Roy ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harish Chandra (raja)
Raja Harish Chandra Rai (c. 18411885) was the 47th Raja of the Chakma Circle. Biography He was the grandson of Raja raja parahalad ans the mener of right wing sthrough his daughter born of his third Rani. He married Rani Shourindri Dewan of the Larma Goza (Clan or Sept). His grandmother, Kalindi Rani, assisted in supplying coolie transport for the Lushai Expedition of 1871–72. In recognition of this service, the government of British India vested Harish Chandra with the title of Rao Bahadur Rai Bahadur (in North India) and Rao Bahadur (in South India), R.B., was a title of honour bestowed during British Raj, British rule in India to individuals for outstanding service or acts of public welfare to the British Empire, Empire. From .... At her death in 1873, he became chief of the Chakmas, and the title of Raja was conferred on him the next year. According to ethnographer J. P. Mills, Harish Chandra's "drunkenness, incompetency and contumacy" rendered him so ineffective a r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalindi (rani)
Rani Kalindi (died 1873) was the 46th and last independent ruler of the Chakma Circle. She was only female ruler of the Chakma people. Early life She was born in the village of Kudukchari near the Rangamati-Khagrachari highway in present-day Chittagong Hill Tracts region of Bangladesh and was the daughter of a former ''dewan'' Gujan Chakma of the Kurakutya Goza. She grew up with strong kinship networks as her cousins were consorts to the Kalindi King Raja Dharam Bux Khan. Rule Kalindi Rani succeeded Raja Dharam Bux Khan in 1832 who died without a male heir. After the Raja's death, a Phoongye (Buddhist monk) came to Arakan to strengthen the cause of Buddhism and convert Kalindi Rani from Hinduism. As a result the Rani converted to Buddhism. The Sangharaja Nikeya believed the Chittagong Buddhists were failing to uphold the principles of Buddhism by worshipping the wrong deities and were in need of reform and purification. When the Sangharaja Nikaya reformers gained the support of Kal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chittagong Hill Tracts Regulations, 1900
Chittagong Hill Tracts Regulation, 1900 (Act 1 of 1900) popularly known as Chittagong Hill Tracts manual is a manual enacted by the then British India Government describing how to administer the Chittagong Hill Tracts of present-day eastern Bangladesh. It was adopted in place of earlier manuals, after the government realised that the act of 1860 would not work satisfactorily. Since the adoption of the manual, the administration of Chittagong Hill Tracts was carried on in accordance with the rules of the manual. A law titled "Hill Districts (Repeal and Enforcement of Law and Special Provision) Act, 1989" has been enacted to repeal the Regulation. The Chittagong Hill Tracts Regulation received the assent of the Governor General on 6 January 1900 and was published in Calcutta Gazaette on 17 January 1900. The new regulation became effective from May 1900 and the old designation of superintendent was restored and the earlier rules were annulled. In 1920, the superintendent title was de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marma People
The Marma () are the second-largest ethnic community in Bangladesh's Chittagong Hill Tracts, primarily residing in the Bandarban District, Bandarban, Khagrachhari District, Khagrachari and Rangamati Hill Districts. They belong to the same community as the Rakhine people. There are three endogamous groups of Marma within the Magh Community which are known as i) The Thongtha, Khyongtha, Mrokpatha, ii) The Marma, Mayamma, or Rakhaing Magh, iii) The Maramagri, otherwise called the Barua people, Barua maghs. Ethnonyms Between the 17th and 18th centuries, the Rakhine began calling themselves Mranma (မြန်မာ) and its derivatives like Marama (မရမာ), as attested by texts like the ''Rakhine Min Razagyi, Minrazagri Ayedaw Sadan'' and the ''Dhanyawaddy Ayedawbon''. This endonym continues to be used by the Marma. The term "Marma" is derived from "Myanmar," which was first used in the early 1100s. In the Marma and Arakanese language, Arakanese, Myanmar is pronounced ''M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mong Circle
The Mong Circle (, ) is one of three hereditary chiefdoms (or "circles") in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of modern-day Bangladesh. The jurisdiction of the Mong Circle encompasses parts of Khagrachhari District. The chiefdom's members are of Marma descent and are known as ''phalansa''. Most inhabitants of the Mong Circle settled in the northwest during a migration wave from the Kingdom of Mrauk U (modern-day Arakan State in Myanmar) between the 16th and 18th centuries, while inhabitants of the other Marma chiefdom, the Bohmong Circle settled in the south and are known as ''ragraisa''. Leadership The Mong Circle is led by a hereditary chieftain called a "raja." The Mong chieftains appoint and oversee headmen called ''mouza'' and village chiefs called ''karbaris''. The incumbent chieftain is Saching Prue (b. 1988) of the Chowdhury house; he formally ascended the throne on 17 January 2009. His predecessor, Paihala Prue Chowdhury, died in a roadside car accident on 22 October 2008 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bohmong Circle
The Bohmong Circle () or Bomang Circle () is one of three hereditary chiefdoms (or "circles") in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of modern-day Bangladesh. The jurisdiction of the Bohmong Circle encompasses parts of Bandarban District. The chiefdom's members are of Marma descent and are known as ''ragraisa''. Most inhabitants of the Mong Circle settled in the south during a migration wave from the Kingdom of Mrauk U (modern-day Arakan State in Myanmar) between the 16th and 18th centuries, while inhabitants of the other Marma chiefdom, the Mong Circle, settled in the northwest and are known as ''phalansa'' (ဖလံသား). Leadership The Bohmong Circle is led by a hereditary chieftain called a "raja." The Bohmong chieftains appoint and oversee headmen called ''mouza'' and village chiefs called ''karbaris''. The incumbent chieftain is Chaw Prue (ချောဖြူ), an engineer by training. The Bohmong chieftain leads an annual three-day festival called "raj punnah," which h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
