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Chaetodon Penniger
''Chaetodon'' is a tropical fish genus in the family Chaetodontidae. Like their relatives, they are known as "butterflyfish". This genus is by far the largest among the Chaetodontidae, with about 90 living species included here, though most might warrant recognition as distinct genera. Species Extant species There are currently 87 recognized species in this genus: ''Chaetodon sensu stricto'' * '' Chaetodon capistratus'' Linnaeus, 1758 (Foureye butterflyfish) * ''Chaetodon ocellatus'' Bloch, 1787 (Spotfin butterflyfish) * ''Chaetodon striatus'' Linnaeus, 1758 (Banded butterflyfish) ''C. robustus'' group * '' Chaetodon hoefleri'' Steindachner, 1881 (Four-banded butterflyfish) * '' Chaetodon robustus'' Günther, 1860 (Three-banded butterflyfish) ''Lepidochaetodon'' group Image:Bep chaetodon punctatofasciatus.jpg, Spotband butterflyfish''Chaetodon (Exornator) punctatofasciatus'' Image:Chaetodon guttatissimus_01.jpg, Peppered butterflyfish''Chaetodon (Exornator) guttat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Early Oligocene
The Rupelian is, in the geologic timescale, the older of two age (geology), ages or the lower of two stage (stratigraphy), stages of the Oligocene epoch (geology), Epoch/series (stratigraphy), Series. It spans the time between . It is preceded by the Priabonian Stage (part of the Eocene) and is followed by the Chattian Stage. Name The stage is named after the small river Rupel in Belgium, a tributary to the Scheldt. The Belgian Rupel Group derives its name from the same source. The name Rupelian was introduced in scientific literature by Belgian geologist André Hubert Dumont in 1850. The separation between the group (stratigraphy), group and the stage was made in the second half of the 20th century, when stratigraphers saw the need to distinguish between lithostratigraphy, lithostratigraphic and chronostratigraphy, chronostratigraphic names. Stratigraphic definition The base of the Rupelian Stage (which is also the base of the Oligocene Series) is at the extinction of the foram ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaetodon Striatus
The banded butterflyfish (''Chaetodon striatus'') is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a butterflyfish found in the tropical western Atlantic Ocean from Brazil to Bermuda. Common names include the banded butterflyfish, the butterbun, the butterflyfish, the Portuguese butterfly, the school mistress and the banded mariposa. The name is derived from the dark vertical bands on the fish's body. This, combined with a vertical, black bar through the eye, is an antipredator adaptation, the bands disrupting the body's outlines. Description The banded butterflyfish grows to a maximum length of about . The dorsal fin has 12 spines and 19 to 21 soft rays. The anal fin has 3 spines and 16 to 17 soft rays. The colour of this fish is silvery with a slender black bar passing through its eye, two wide black bars in mid-body and a third wide bar that starts on the rear of the dorsal fin and continues to the caudal peduncle. The pelvic fins and the caudal fin are black. Distribution and habit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georges Cuvier
Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric, baron Cuvier (23 August 1769 – 13 May 1832), known as Georges Cuvier (; ), was a French natural history, naturalist and zoology, zoologist, sometimes referred to as the "founding father of paleontology". Cuvier was a major figure in natural sciences research in the early 19th century and was instrumental in establishing the fields of comparative anatomy and paleontology through his work in comparing living animals with fossils. Cuvier's work is considered the foundation of vertebrate paleontology, and he expanded Linnaean taxonomy by grouping classes into phylum, phyla and incorporating both fossils and living species into the classification. Cuvier is also known for establishing extinction as a fact—at the time, extinction was considered by many of Cuvier's contemporaries to be merely controversial speculation. In his ''Essay on the Theory of the Earth'' (1813) Cuvier proposed that now-extinct species had been wiped out by periodic catastr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chaetodon Citrinellus
''Chaetodon citrinellus'' is a species of butterflyfish (family Chaetodontidae). It is commonly known as the speckled butterflyfish or citron butterflyfish. It is found in the Indo-Pacific: the Red Sea, East Africa to the Hawaiian, Marquesan and Tuamotu islands, north to southern Japan and south to Australia. It is a distinct species, most closely related to the fourspot butterflyfish (''C. quadrimaculatus''). Together they are basal in the subgenus ''Exornator'', and might be intermediate between the core group of this subgenus and the species of the ''Rhombochaetodon'' (or ''Roaops'') lineage. If that is correct, the latter would require to be merged into ''Exornator''. If the genus ''Chaetodon'' is split up, ''Exornator'' might become a subgenus of ''Lepidochaetodon''. Description and ecology As its names suggest, it is pale yellow with numerous small dark spots. There is also a black bar extending above and below the eye and a black margin to the anal fin. The largest re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brownburnie
The brownburnie (''Chaetodon blackburnii''), also known as Blackburn's butterflyfish or the rayed butterflyfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a butterflyfish belonging to the family Chaetodontidae. It is found in the western Indian Ocean. Description The brownburnie is rather drab when compared to many of its congeners. The body of this species is mainly brownish black with the head and front part of the body being bright yellow with a black vertical bar running across the eye. The dark colour extends onto the dorsal fin and the anal fin while the pelvic fins are bright yellow. The dorsal fin contains 16 spines and 21-23 soft rays while the anal fin has 3 spines and 17-18 soft rays. This species attains a maximum total length of . Distribution The brownburnie is found in the western Indian Ocean. It is distributed along the East African coast from Kenya in the north to the Mbhashe River in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. It has also been recorded from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seychelles Butterflyfish
The Seychelles butterflyfish (''Chaetodon madagaskariensis'') is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a butterflyfish belonging to the family Chaetodontidae. It is found in the Indian Ocean from eastern Africa (as far south as Port Elizabeth in South Africa) east to Cocos-Keeling Islands and Christmas Island, north to Sri Lanka. The Seychelles butterflyfish is found in areas of rich coral growth on seaward reefs, at 10–40 m depth. It grows to a maximum of 13 cm (more than 5 in) long. The body color is silver at the head, becoming white towards the tail, with a triangular orange patch covering the posterior and the caudal peduncle. There are a series of dark grey chevron lines on the sides of the body, partly broken into spots. Between the eyes and the start of the dorsal fin there is a black patch rimmed with white. The base of the caudal fin is white, followed by an orange patch and a white rim. Systematics The Seychelles butterflyfish was first formally described in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teardrop Butterflyfish
The teardrop butterflyfish (''Chaetodon unimaculatus'') is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a butterflyfish belonging to the (family Chaetodontidae. It is found in the Indo-Pacific region. Description The teardrop butterflyfish has a whitish body with yellow dorsal, anal and pelvic fins, this yellow colour extends on to the back. The upper flank is marked with a large teardrop shaped black blotch and there is a wide, black, vertical bar though the eye. There are delicate yellowish-orange chevrons on the flanks in front of the black teardrop and there is another black vertical band with runs from the rear of the dorsal fin, across the caudal peduncle to the rear of the anal fin. The dorsal fin contains 12-13 spines and 19-23 soft rays while the anal fin contains 3 spines and 18-20 soft rays. This species attains a maximum total length of , although around is more usual. Distribution The teardrop butterflyfish is found in the eastern Indian and western Pacific Oceans from Chr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fourspot Butterflyfish
The four-spotted butterflyfish or fourspot butterflyfish (''Chaetodon quadrimaculatus'') is a species of butterflyfish (family Chaetodontidae) found in the Pacific Ocean from the Ryukyus, Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands and Taiwan to the Hawaiian, Marquesan, and Pitcairn islands, south to the Samoan and Austral Islands and the Marianas and Marshall Islands in Micronesia. The fourspot butterflyfish is a marine coralivorous organism. Therefore, its noted geographic distribution, as well as population-level spatial distribution and temporal variation in density, is correlated to relative distributions and abundance of the corals that butterflyfish are dependent on for food. It is a quite distinct species, but most closely related to the speckled butterflyfish (''C. citrinellus''). Together they are basal in the subgenus ''Exornator'', and might be intermediate between the core group of this subgenus and the species of the ''Rhombochaetodon'' (or ''Roaops'') lineage. If that is corre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peppered Butterflyfish
The peppered butterflyfish (''Chaetodon guttatissimus'') is a species marine ray-finned fish, a butterflyfish from the (family Chaetodontidae). It is found in the Indian Ocean. Description The peppered butterflyfish is silvery white in colour marked with irregular vertical rows of dark spots or speckles on the flanks, these reorient to a more horizontal plane on the lower flanks. There is a thin, vertical dark bar running through the eye> The rear of the dorsal fin has an orange bar and this reaches the upper part of the caudal peduncle. The caudal fin has a black submarginal band while the dorsal fin has a yellow margin. The dorsal fin contains 12-13 spines and 22-24 soft rays while the anal fin has 3 spines and 16-18 soft rays. This fish attains a maximum total length of . Distribution The peppered butterflyfish is found in the Indian Ocean where its range extends from the East African coast where it ranges from Somalia to South Africa and across the Indian Ocean as far east as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spotband Butterflyfish
The spot-banded butterflyfish or spotband butterflyfish (''Chaetodon punctatofasciatus'') is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a butterflyfish belonging to the family (biology), family Chaetodontidae. It is from the western Pacific Ocean. It is found in the Indo- West Pacific region from Christmas Island in the eastern Indian Ocean to the Line Islands, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to the Rowley Shoals and the northern Great Barrier Reef, and throughout Micronesia. Replaced by its close relative the Peppered butterflyfish (''C. guttatissimus'') in the Indian Ocean, these two species are sympatric from Christmas Island to Bali. This is one of the members of the subgenus ''Exornator''. With the Peppered butterflyfish it is part of a close-knit group which also includes the Pebbled butterflyfish (''Chaetodon multicinctus, C. multicinctus'') and the Sunset butterflyfish (''Chaetodon pelewensis, C. pelewensis''). It is suspected that these four are able to produce fertile hybr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Günther
Albert Karl Ludwig Gotthilf Günther , also Albert Charles Lewis Gotthilf Günther (3October 18301February 1914), was a German-born British zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. Günther is ranked the second-most productive reptile taxonomist (after George Albert Boulenger) with more than 340 reptile species described. Early life and career Günther was born in Esslingen in Swabia ( Württemberg). His father was a ''Stiftungs-Commissar'' in Esslingen and his mother was Eleonora Nagel. He initially schooled at the Stuttgart Gymnasium. His family wished him to train for the ministry of the Lutheran Church for which he moved to the University of Tübingen. A brother shifted from theology to medicine, and he, too, turned to science and medicine at Tübingen in 1852. His first work was "''Ueber den Puppenzustand eines Distoma''" (On the pupal state of ''Distoma''). He graduated in medicine with an M.D. from Tübingen in 1858, the same year in which he published a handbook ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
