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Ceramaster Arcticus
''Ceramaster arcticus'', the Arctic cookie star, is a species of sea star. It is pink and often has dark red accents. It has broad arms, no spines, and no pincers, or pedicellariae. It is considered rare and only inhabits the Pacific Ocean off the coast of northwestern North America. Description A member of the sea star genus ''Ceramaster'' (often referred to as cushion stars), the Arctic cookie star is broadly pentagonal, rigid, and like other ''Ceramaster'' species, has no arms. The species' aboral surface (i.e., the top of the sea star) has small flat-topped plates. Growing up to 11 cm across (4.2 inches), it is pink and often has red accents. The species preys on sponges. The species is similar to the more common cookie star (''Ceramaster patagonicus''). Distribution The species inhabits the Pacific Ocean off the northwestern coast (intertidal zone The intertidal zone, also known as the foreshore, is the area above water level at low tide and underwater ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudarchaster Parelii Alascensis
''Pseudarchaster'' is a genus of echinoderms belonging to the family Pseudarchasteridae. The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution. Species: *''Pseudarchaster alascensis'' *''Pseudarchaster discus'' *'' Pseudarchaster dissonus'' *''Pseudarchaster diversigranulatus'' *'' Pseudarchaster garricki'' *'' Pseudarchaster gracilis'' *'' Pseudarchaster hispidus'' *'' Pseudarchaster jordani'' *'' Pseudarchaster macdougalli'' *'' Pseudarchaster microceramus'' *''Pseudarchaster motutaraensis'' *''Pseudarchaster mozaicus'' *'' Pseudarchaster myobrachius'' *''Pseudarchaster obtusus'' *''Pseudarchaster oligoporus'' *''Pseudarchaster ornatus'' *''Pseudarchaster parelii'' *''Pseudarchaster pectinifer'' *''Pseudarchaster portlandicus'' *''Pseudarchaster pulcher'' *''Pseudarchaster pusillus'' *''Pseudarchaster roseus'' *''Pseudarchaster tessellatus'' *''Pseudarchaster verrilli ''Pseudarchaster'' is a genus of echinoderms belonging to the family Pseudarchasteridae. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animal
Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms in the Kingdom (biology), biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals Heterotroph, consume organic material, Cellular respiration#Aerobic respiration, breathe oxygen, are Motility, able to move, can Sexual reproduction, reproduce sexually, and go through an ontogenetic stage in which their body consists of a hollow sphere of Cell (biology), cells, the blastula, during Embryogenesis, embryonic development. Over 1.5 million Extant taxon, living animal species have been Species description, described—of which around 1 million are Insecta, insects—but it has been estimated there are over 7 million animal species in total. Animals range in length from to . They have Ecology, complex interactions with each other and their environments, forming intricate food webs. The scientific study of animals is known as zoology. Most living animal species are in Bilateria, a clade whose members have a Symmetry in biology#Bilate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Echinoderm
An echinoderm () is any member of the phylum Echinodermata (). The adults are recognisable by their (usually five-point) radial symmetry, and include starfish, brittle stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers, as well as the sea lilies or "stone lilies". Adult echinoderms are found on the sea bed at every ocean depth, from the intertidal zone to the abyssal zone. The phylum contains about 7,000 living species, making it the second-largest grouping of deuterostomes, after the chordates. Echinoderms are the largest entirely marine phylum. The first definitive echinoderms appeared near the start of the Cambrian. The echinoderms are important both ecologically and geologically. Ecologically, there are few other groupings so abundant in the biotic desert of the deep sea, as well as shallower oceans. Most echinoderms are able to reproduce asexually and regenerate tissue, organs, and limbs; in some cases, they can undergo complete regeneration from a single limb. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sea Star
Starfish or sea stars are star-shaped echinoderms belonging to the class Asteroidea (). Common usage frequently finds these names being also applied to ophiuroids, which are correctly referred to as brittle stars or basket stars. Starfish are also known as asteroids due to being in the class Asteroidea. About 1,900 species of starfish live on the seabed in all the world's oceans, from warm, tropical zones to frigid, polar regions. They are found from the intertidal zone down to abyssal depths, at below the surface. Starfish are marine invertebrates. They typically have a central disc and usually five arms, though some species have a larger number of arms. The aboral or upper surface may be smooth, granular or spiny, and is covered with overlapping plates. Many species are brightly coloured in various shades of red or orange, while others are blue, grey or brown. Starfish have tube feet operated by a hydraulic system and a mouth at the centre of the oral or lower surface. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valvatida
The Valvatida are an order of starfish in the class Asteroidea, which contains 695 species in 172 genera in 17 families. Description The order encompasses both tiny species, which are only a few millimetres in diameter, like those in the genus '' Asterina'', and species which can reach up to 75 cm, such as species in the genus '' Thromidia''. Almost all species in this order have five arms with tube feet. This order is primarily identified by the presence of conspicuous marginal ossicles, which characterize most of the species. Most members of this order have five arms and two rows of tube feet with suckers. Some species have paxillae and in some, the main pedicellariae are clamp-like and recessed into the skeletal plates. This group includes the cushion star, and the leather star. Families According to the World Register of Marine Species, the following families are included in Valvatida: * family Acanthasteridae Gervais, 1841 * family Archasteridae Viguier, 187 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goniasteridae
Goniasteridae (the biscuit stars) constitute the largest family of sea stars, included in the order Valvatida. They are mostly deep-dwelling species, but the family also include several colorful shallow tropical species. Description Goniasteridae are usually middle-sized sea stars with a characteristic double range of marginal plates bordering the disk and arms. Most of them have five arms, often short and triangular, around a broad central disc; many species are pentagonal or subpentagonal, covered densely with granular, seed-like protuberances, hence the name of the family "seed-star" (''gonium+aster''). The aboral face is often covered with tiny spines looking like paxillae. Pedicellariae are often valvate, and the gonads are located at the interradius. Main identification keys for this group include the presence of paxillae, granules, teeth, spines, or the shape and dimensions of marginal plate. Location and habitat They occur predominantly on deep-water continenta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ceramaster
''Ceramaster'' is a genus of cushion stars in the family Goniasteridae. The species in this genus have no arms. They live in deeper waters than most sea stars. Species list Species in this genus include: *''Ceramaster arcticus'' (Verrill, 1909) - Arctic cookie star *'' Ceramaster australis'' H.E.S. Clark, 2001 *''Ceramaster bowersi'' (Fisher, 1906) *''Ceramaster clarki'' Fisher, 1910 *''Ceramaster cuenoti'' (Koehler, 1909) *''Ceramaster glasbyi'' McKnight, 1993 *''Ceramaster granularis'' (Retzius, 1783) *''Ceramaster grenadensis'' (Perrier, 1881) *''Ceramaster japonicus'' (Sladen, 1889) *''Ceramaster lennoxkingi'' McKnight, 1973 *''Ceramaster leptoceramus'' (Fisher, 1905) *''Ceramaster misakiensis'' (Goto, 1914) *''Ceramaster mortenseni'' (Koehler, 1909) *''Ceramaster patagonicus'' (Sladen, 1889) - Cookie star *''Ceramaster smithi'' Fisher, 1913 *''Ceramaster stellatus'' Djakonov, 1950 *''Ceramaster trispinosus'' H.L. Clark, 1923 ''Note'': ''Ceramaster placenta ''Ceramast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Addison Emery Verrill
Addison Emery Verrill (February 9, 1839 – December 10, 1926) was an American invertebrate zoologist, museum curator and university professor. Life Verrill was born on February 9, 1839 in Greenwood, Maine, the son of George Washington Verrill and Lucy (Hillborn) Verrill. As a boy he showed an early interest in natural history, building collections of rocks and minerals, plants, shells, insects and other animals. When he moved with his family to Norway, Maine at age fourteen he attended secondary school at the Norway Liberal Institute. Verrill started college in 1859 at Harvard University and studied under Louis Agassiz. He graduated in 1862 with a B.A. He went on scientific collecting trips with Alpheus Hyatt and Nathaniel Shaler in the summer of 1860 to Trenton Point, Maine and Mount Desert Island and in the summer of 1861 to Anticosti Island and Labrador. In 1864 Verrill made reports on mining, or prospective mining, properties in New Hampshire, New York, and Pennsylvani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sea Star
Starfish or sea stars are star-shaped echinoderms belonging to the class Asteroidea (). Common usage frequently finds these names being also applied to ophiuroids, which are correctly referred to as brittle stars or basket stars. Starfish are also known as asteroids due to being in the class Asteroidea. About 1,900 species of starfish live on the seabed in all the world's oceans, from warm, tropical zones to frigid, polar regions. They are found from the intertidal zone down to abyssal depths, at below the surface. Starfish are marine invertebrates. They typically have a central disc and usually five arms, though some species have a larger number of arms. The aboral or upper surface may be smooth, granular or spiny, and is covered with overlapping plates. Many species are brightly coloured in various shades of red or orange, while others are blue, grey or brown. Starfish have tube feet operated by a hydraulic system and a mouth at the centre of the oral or lower surface. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pedicellaria
A pedicellaria (plural: pedicellariae) is a small wrench- or claw-shaped appendage with movable jaws, called valves, commonly found on echinoderms (phylum Echinodermata), particularly in sea stars (class Asteroidea) and sea urchins (class Echinoidea). Each pedicellaria is an effector organ with its own set of muscles, neuropils, and sensory receptors and is therefore capable of reflex responses to the environment. Pedicellariae are poorly understood but in some taxa, they are thought to keep the body surface clear of algae, encrusting organisms, and other debris in conjunction with the ciliated epidermis present in all echinoderms. In sea stars Types There are two major types of pedicellaria in sea stars: straight and crossed. Straight pedicellaria are typically larger and located on the body surface, whereas crossed pedicellaria are smaller and found more commonly on stalks, raised above the body surface or in clumps circling the spines. The crossed type is connected to th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sponge
Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera (; meaning 'pore bearer'), are a basal animal clade as a sister of the diploblasts. They are multicellular organisms that have bodies full of pores and channels allowing water to circulate through them, consisting of jelly-like mesohyl sandwiched between two thin layers of cells. Sponges have unspecialized cells that can transform into other types and that often migrate between the main cell layers and the mesohyl in the process. Sponges do not have nervous, digestive or circulatory systems. Instead, most rely on maintaining a constant water flow through their bodies to obtain food and oxygen and to remove wastes. Sponges were first to branch off the evolutionary tree from the last common ancestor of all animals, making them the sister group of all other animals. Etymology The term ''sponge'' derives from the Ancient Greek word ( 'sponge'). Overview Sponges are similar to other animals in that they are multicell ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ceramaster Patagonicus
''Ceramaster patagonicus'', the cookie star, is a species of sea star. It is bright orange or yellow in colour. Its arms are short and it has no spines. It is a deep water species and lives on rocky sea beds. Its diet includes sponges. Subspecies The World Register of Marine Species lists four subspecies: *''Ceramaster patagonicus euryplax'' H.L. Clark, 1923 *''Ceramaster patagonicus fisheri'' Bernasconi, 1963 *''Ceramaster patagonicus patagonicus'' (Sladen, 1889) *''Ceramaster patagonicus productus'' Djakonov, 1950 Description The cookie star is roughly pentagonal in shape with a diameter of up to . It has a slightly inflated, broad central disc and five short rays. The aboral (upper) surface is covered with neatly arranged flat-topped scales, polygonal in the central area and hexagonal on the rays. Between the rays the scales are small and crowded together. There is a marginal row of distinctive larger scales forming a bevelled edge. Sometimes the disc and ray areas are swolle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
