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Cephaloflexa
''Cephaloflexa'' is a genus of land planarian Geoplanidae is a family of flatworms known commonly as land planarians or land flatworms. These flatworms are mainly predators of other invertebrates, which they hunt, attack and capture using physical force and the adhesive and digestive proper ...s from Brazil. Description The genus ''Cephaloflexa'' is characterized by the presence of a cephalic retractor muscle not associated with cephalic glands. Due to this muscle, the head in species of ''Cephaloflexa'' is rolled upwards or backwards similarly to '' Choeradoplana''.Carbayo, F.; Leal-Zanchet, A. M. (2003). ''Two new genera of geoplaninid land planarians (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Terricola) of Brazil in the light of cephalic specialisations.'' Invertebrate Systematics. 17: 449-468. The main external feature to distinguish ''Cephaloflexa'' from ''Choeradoplana'' is the presence of two “cushions” on the ventral side of the head of the latter. The copulatory apparatus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cephaloflexa Nataliae
''Cephaloflexa'' is a genus of land planarians from Brazil. Description The genus ''Cephaloflexa'' is characterized by the presence of a cephalic retractor muscle not associated with cephalic glands. Due to this muscle, the head in species of ''Cephaloflexa'' is rolled upwards or backwards similarly to '' Choeradoplana''.Carbayo, F.; Leal-Zanchet, A. M. (2003). ''Two new genera of geoplaninid land planarians (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Terricola) of Brazil in the light of cephalic specialisations.'' Invertebrate Systematics. 17: 449-468. The main external feature to distinguish ''Cephaloflexa'' from ''Choeradoplana'' is the presence of two “cushions” on the ventral side of the head of the latter. The copulatory apparatus of ''Cephaloflexa'' lacks a permanent penis papilla. Etymology The name ''Cephaloflexa'' comes from the Greek word ''κεφαλή'' (head) and the Latin word ''flexus'' (bending). Species There are three described species in the genus ''Cephalof ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cephaloflexa Araucariana
''Cephaloflexa araucariana'' is a species of land planarian in the subfamily Geoplaninae found in Brazil. Description ''Cephaloflexa araucariana'' is a small to medium-sized land planarian up to in length when crawling. The dorsum is bluish-gray with two lateral black bands. The venter is dark gray, becoming black near the margins. The anterior end is narrow and rolled upwards by a retractor muscle. The numerous eyes are distributed marginally along the whole body, except for the apex of the anterior end, where they are absent. Distribution The only known place of occurrence of ''C. araucariana'' is the São Francisco de Paula National Forest The São Francisco de Paula National Forest ( pt, Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula) is a national forest in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Origins Decree law 3.124 of 19 March 1941 created the National Pine Institute (Insti ... in southern Brazil. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q2275298 Geoplanidae Inve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Land Planarian
Geoplanidae is a family of flatworms known commonly as land planarians or land flatworms. These flatworms are mainly predators of other invertebrates, which they hunt, attack and capture using physical force and the adhesive and digestive properties of their mucus. They lack water-retaining mechanisms and are therefore very sensitive to humidity variations of their environment. Because of their strict ecological requirements, some species have been proposed as indicators of the conservation state of their habitats. They are generally animals with low vagility (dispersal ability) and with very specific habitat requirements, so they can be also used to accurately determine the distribution of biogeographic realms. Today the fauna of these animals is being studied to select conservation priorities in the Atlantic rainforest in Brazil. At the other extreme, one species in this family, ''Platydemus manokwari'' has become an invasive species in both disturbed and wild habitats in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig Von Graff
Ludwig Graff de Pancsova (2 January 1851 – 6 February 1924), known as Ludwig von Graff, was an Austrian zoologist born in Pancsova. In 1871, he received his medical degree in Vienna, afterwards studying zoology at the University of Graz. In 1872, he was an assistant at the zoological institute in Strasbourg, where he worked closely with Eduard Oscar Schmidt (1823–1886). In 1873, he relocated to Munich as an assistant to Karl Theodor Ernst von Siebold (1804–1885), gaining his habilitation during the following year. In 1876, he became a professor at the Academy of Forestry in Aschaffenburg, and from 1884 was a professor of zoology at the University of Graz. Here, he expanded the institute of zoology and its library. In 1896-97, he was rector of the university. Graff was a leading expert on Turbellaria (flatworms), especially remembered for research of its morphology and biological systematics. He gathered material for his studies on numerous expeditions, which includ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. '' Panthera leo'' (lion) and '' Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. phylogenetic analysis should c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Choeradoplana
''Choeradoplana'' is a genus of land planarians found in South America. Description Species of the genus ''Choeradoplana'' are characterized by the presence of a cephalic retractor muscle associated with cephalic glands, forming a cephalic musculo-glandular organ in a way similar to the one found in the genera ''Luteostriata'' and '' Issoca''. The head of ''Choeradoplana'' is highly rolled backwards and the ventral area thus visible has two "cushions" formed by the musculo-glandular organ.Ogren, R. E. and Kawakatsu, M. (1990). ''Index to the species of the family Geoplanidae (Turbellaria, Tricladida, Terricola) Part I: Geoplaninae.'' Bulletin of Fujis Women's College. 29: 79-166. This peculiar head shape makes it easy to identify a species as belonging to this genus. Etymology The name ''Choeradoplana'' comes from Greek word ''χοιράς'' ( scrofula) and the Latin word ''plana'' (flat) due to the two cushions on the ventral side of the head that resemble the neck swellings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reproductive System Of Planarians
The reproductive system of planarians is broadly similar among different families, although the associated structures can vary in complexity. All planarians are hermaphrodites, so their reproductive system has a male and a female part. Both parts communicate with the surface of the body via a single opening called gonopore, which is located on the ventral side of the posterior half of the body. Male part of the reproductive system The male part of the reproductive system in planarians has a set of several testicles, distributed throughout the body in two or more rows. They are usually concentrated in the anterior two thirds of the body, although they can reach close to the posterior end. The testicles are connected to a pair of sperm ducts which run posteriorly towards the gonopore. In some groups, the sperm ducts met in their distal part, forming the ejaculatory duct, which then opens in a cavity called “male atrium”. In others, like land planarians, both open i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Language
Greek ( el, label= Modern Greek, Ελληνικά, Elliniká, ; grc, Ἑλληνική, Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Italy (Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean. It has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning at least 3,400 years of written records. Its writing system is the Greek alphabet, which has been used for approximately 2,800 years; previously, Greek was recorded in writing systems such as Linear B and the Cypriot syllabary. The alphabet arose from the Phoenician script and was in turn the basis of the Latin, Cyrillic, Armenian, Coptic, Gothic, and many other writing systems. The Greek language holds a very important place in the history of the Western world. Beginning with the epics of Homer, ancient Greek literature includes many works of l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the Roman Republic it became the dominant language in the Italian region and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire. Even after the fall of Western Rome, Latin remained the common language of international communication, science, scholarship and academia in Europe until well into the 18th century, when other regional vernaculars (including its own descendants, the Romance languages) supplanted it in common academic and political usage, and it eventually became a dead language in the modern linguistic definition. Latin is a highly inflected language, with three distinct genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter), six or seven noun cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, ablative, and vocative), five declensions, four ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
