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Catalan Corts
The Catalan Courts or General Court of Catalonia ( or ) were the policymaking and parliamentary body of the Principality of Catalonia from the 13th to the 18th century. Composed by the king and the three estates of the realm, the Catalan Courts were the result of the territorial and institutional evolution of the Cort Comtal de Barcelona (County Court of Barcelona), and took its definitive institutional form in 1283, according to historian Thomas Bisson, and it has been considered by several historians as a model of medieval parliament. Scholar Charles Howard McIlwain wrote that the General Court of Catalonia had a better defined organization than the parliaments of England or France. Unlike the Courts of Castile, which at the time functioned mainly as an advisory body to which the king granted privileges and exemptions, the Catalan Courts was a regulatory body, as their decisions had the force of law, in the sense that the king could not unilaterally revoke them, being the first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Of Aragon
This is a list of the kings and queens of Aragon. The Kingdom of Aragon was created sometime between 950 and 1035 when the County of Aragon, which had been acquired by the Kingdom of Navarre in the tenth century, was separated from Navarre in accordance with the will of King Sancho III of Navarre, Sancho III (1004–35). In 1164, the marriage of the Aragonese princess Petronila of Aragon, Petronila (Kingdom of Aragon) and the Catalan count Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona, Ramon Berenguer IV (County of Barcelona) created a dynastic union from which what modern historians call ''the Crown of Aragon'' was born. In the thirteenth century the kingdoms of Kingdom of Valencia, Valencia, Kingdom of Majorca, Majorca and Kingdom of Sicily, Sicily were added to the Crown, and in the fourteenth the Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica. The Crown of Aragon continued to exist until 1713 when its separate constitutional systems (Catalan Constitutions, Fuero, Aragon ''Fueros'', and Furs of V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliament Of Catalonia
The Parliament of Catalonia (, ; ; ) is the Unicameralism, unicameral legislature of the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Catalonia. The Parliament is currently made up of 135 members, known as Deputy (legislator), deputies (//), who are elected for four-year terms or after extraordinary dissolution, chosen by universal suffrage in lists of four constituencies, corresponding to the Catalan provinces. The Palau del Parlament de Catalunya, Parliament building is located in Parc de la Ciutadella, Ciutadella Park, Barcelona. Established in 1932, after the Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia of 1932, granting of self-governance to Catalonia by the Second Spanish Republic, it went to exile in 1939 as a consequence of the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalist victory in the Spanish Civil War. It was reestablished in 1979 during the Spanish transition to democracy, transition to democracy. The most recent general election to the Parliament was held on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fraga (Huesca)
Fraga (; ) is the major town of the ''comarca'' of Bajo Cinca () in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. It is located by the river Cinca. According to the 2014 census, the municipality has a population of 14,926 inhabitants. King Alfonso I of Aragon died at its walls in 1134 while trying to conquer it during the Battle of Fraga. It was conquered from the Moors by the Count Ramon Berenguer IV of Barcelona in 1149. The local language, called ''Fragatí'', is western Catalan. Historically, there was a Jewish community in Fraga. Jews in Fraga enjoyed civil rights under Muslim rule, which was not always the case in other historical Spanish Jewish communities. They were given autonomy, including the right to defend themselves against attacks and the right to elect their representatives. The community ceased to exist due to the expulsion of the Muslims and Jews in 1492. History File:Vista occidental de la ciudad de Fraga.png, Plan of western view of Fraga circa 1779 by Berna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monzón
Monzón () is a small city and municipality in the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain. Its population was 17,176 as of 2014. It is located at the confluence of the Cinca and Sosa rivers, in the Cinca Media comarca of the province of Huesca. Historical overview Prehistory and Classical Age The first evidence of continuous human occupation in the area of Monzón comes from Neolithic archaeological remains found in the Sosiles Altos and Peña Lucas deposits. Most vestiges of settlement come from the Bronze Age, when it is assumed that the Ilergetes settled the area between the rivers Cinca, Sosa, and Clamor. The defeat of the Ilergetes in the 3rd century BC led to the Romanization of the area from the 2nd century BC. The area was a key node connecting the cities of Caesaraugusta and Osca with Italy; remains of Roman dwellings have been found in the hills and cells of the Ermita de la Alegría (the Shrine of Joy). Middle Ages Muslim Era At the time of Muslim domination ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Aragon
The Kingdom of Aragon (; ; ; ) was a medieval and early modern Monarchy, kingdom on the Iberian Peninsula, corresponding to the modern-day Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Aragon, in Spain. It became a part of the larger Crown of Aragon, which also included other territories—the Principality of Catalonia (which included the former Catalan Counties), the Kingdom of Valencia, the Kingdom of Majorca, and other possessions that are now part of France, Italy, and Greece—that were also under the rule of the King of Aragon, but were administered separately from the Kingdom of Aragon. In 1479, upon John II of Aragon and Navarre, John II of Aragon's death, the crowns of Aragon and Castile were united to form the nucleus of modern Spain. The Aragonese lands retained autonomous parliamentary and administrative institutions, such as the Aragonese Corts, Corts. The arrangement remained until the Nueva Planta decrees, promulgated between 1707 and 1715 by Philip V o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Majorca
The Kingdom of Majorca (, ; ; ; ) was an insular realm off the east coast of modern day Spain, which included the islands of Mallorca, Menorca, Ibiza and Formentera. The islands were conquered from the Almohad Caliphate by James I of Aragon, and were integrated in the Crown of Aragon. The king became known as ''James the Conqueror'' due to the Conquest of Majorca. When James I died in 1276, he divided his territories between his three surviving sons. Peter, the eldest, succeeded his father in the mainland as Peter III of Aragon or ''Peter the Great.'' The Kingdom of Majorca passed to the younger son James, who reigned as James II of Majorca. After 1279, Peter III of Aragon decreed that the King of Majorca was to be a vassal of the King of Aragon. Naturally, this led to conflict between the two brothers. Finally, in 1344, the Kingdom of Majorca was invaded by King Peter IV of Aragon and brought under the Crown of Aragon. It remained a separate Kingdom, but with the same ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corts Valencianes
The Corts Valencianes (), commonly known as ''Les Corts'' (), are the main legislative body of the Generalitat Valenciana and therefore of the Valencian Community. The main location of the Corts is in the Palace of the Borgias in Valencia, Spain, Valencia; however it can meet at any location in the Valencian lands. The Corts has its origins in bodies established in the thirteenth century by King James I of Aragon.Corts Valencianes y Furs, la obra de Jaume I Levante EMV, 3 April 2011 The modern institution was established in 1982 under the Valencian statute of autonomy of 1982. The current Corts were elected in 2023. History Following the conquest and reign of James I of Aragon, the economic and military needs of the Crown o ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cortes Of Aragon
The Cortes of Aragon (, , ) is the regional parliament for the Spanish autonomous community of Aragon. The Cortes traces its history back to meetings summoned by the Kings of Aragon which began in 1162. Abolished in 1707, the Cortes was revived in 1983 following the passing of a Statute of Autonomy. Early Cortes The King of Aragon was bound to summon the Cortes at least once every five years, and, following the union with Catalonia, annually. The main business of the Cortes was judicial: solving disputes between individuals or towns or dealing with complaints or grievances concerning the King's officers or Estates. The Cortes also approved legislation and voted on tax issues. The Cortes was organised into four Estates or branches: the clergy, the great nobles (), the Knights and the towns. For the more important laws, unanimity was required between each of the Cortes' four Estates (''nemine descriptante''). Each member could veto any law, in which case the decision would be re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crown Of Aragon
The Crown of Aragon (, ) ;, ; ; . was a composite monarchy ruled by one king, originated by the dynastic union of the Kingdom of Aragon and the County of Barcelona (later Principality of Catalonia) and ended as a consequence of the War of the Spanish Succession. At the height of its power in the 14th and 15th centuries, the Crown of Aragon was a thalassocracy controlling a large portion of present-day eastern Iberian Peninsula, parts of what is now Northern Catalonia, southern France, and a Mediterranean empire which included the Balearic Islands, Sicily, Corsica, Sardinia, Malta, Southern Italy (from 1442), and parts of Greece (until 1388). The component realms of the Crown were not united politically except at the level of the king, who ruled over each autonomous polity according to its own laws, raising funds under each tax structure, dealing separately with each ''Corts'' or ''Cortes'', particularly in the Kingdom of Aragon, the Principality of Catalonia, and the Kingdom of V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Historic States Of Germany
Germany is traditionally a country organized as a federal state. The dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806 and the Napoleonic Wars led to an interregnum of federalized control. But after Congress of Vienna in 1815, the German-speaking territories of the former Holy Roman Empire became allied in the German Confederation (1815–1866), a league of states with a shared army and some federal elements to regulate issues that affected multiple states. After the Austro-Prussian War, the Northern states joined into a federal state called the North German Confederation (1867–1870), led by Prussia. The Southern states joined the federal state in 1870/71, which was consequently renamed the German Empire (1871–1918). The state continued as the Weimar Republic (1919–1933). Present-day Germany is a federal republic which combines the States of Germany. States of the German Confederation In 1864, Austria and Prussia together became the new sovereign of Holstein (a member of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliament Of England
The Parliament of England was the legislature of the Kingdom of England from the 13th century until 1707 when it was replaced by the Parliament of Great Britain. Parliament evolved from the Great Council of England, great council of Lords Spiritual, bishops and Peerages in the United Kingdom, peers that advised the History of the English monarchy, English monarch. Great councils were first called Parliaments during the reign of Henry III of England, Henry III (). By this time, the king required Parliament's consent to levy taxation. Originally a Unicameralism, unicameral body, a Bicameralism, bicameral Parliament emerged when its membership was divided into the House of Lords and House of Commons of England, House of Commons, which included Knight of the shire, knights of the shire and Burgess (title), burgesses. During Henry IV of England, Henry IV's reign, the role of Parliament expanded beyond the determination of taxation policy to include the "redress of grievances", whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joaquim Albareda
Joaquim Albareda Salvadó (Manlleu, 1957), is the chairing professor of modern history at Pompeu Fabra University (Barcelona) and former director of the ''Institut Universitari d'Història Jaume Vicens Vives'' at the same college. He is the head researcher of the research project ''España y los tratados de Utrecht (1712-1714)'', of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and ''Grup d’estudi de les institucions i de la societat a la Catalunya moderna (16th-19th Century)''. Director of the history collection publication ''Referències'' from Eumo Editorial. During recent years he has focused his research on the topic of the War of Spanish Succession (1705-1714) and the political history of the 18th century. Publications Books * ''Els catalans i Felip V. De la conspiració a la revolta (1700-1705)'' (Editorial Vicens Vives, 1993, IV Premi Internacional Jaume Vicens Vives de Ciències Socials). * ''Política, religió i vida quotidiana en temps de guerra (1705-1714). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
