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Cartago Agrarian Union Party
The Cartago Agrarian Union Party ( es, Partido Unión Agrícola Cartaginés) is a political party in Cartago Province, Costa Rica. The party was founded in 1969 by Juan Guillermo Brenes Castillo. It first contested a general election in 1970, but received only 0.5% of the vote and failed to win a seat. In 1974 support for the party more than doubled, receiving 1.2% of the vote and winning its first seat. Nohlen, D (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p174 Despite seeing its share of the vote drop to 1%, the party retained its seat in the 1978 elections. However a further slump to 0.8% in 1982 saw the party lose its parliamentary representation. It regained a seat in the 1986 elections, receiving 1.2% of the national vote. The seat was retained in elections in 1990 and 1994, but a loss of support in the 1998 elections saw its share of the vote drop to 0.5%, resulting in it losing its solitary seat. A similar result in 2002 File:2002 Events Collage.pn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Party
A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular country's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific political ideology, ideological or policy goals. Political parties have become a major part of the politics of almost every country, as modern party organizations developed and spread around the world over the last few centuries. It is extremely rare for a country to have Non-partisan democracy, no political parties. Some countries have Single-party state, only one political party while others have Multi-party system, several. Parties are important in the politics of autocracies as well as democracies, though usually democracies have more political parties than autocracies. Autocracies often have a single party that governs the country, and some political scientists consider competition between two or more parties to be an essential part of democracy. Part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cartago Province
Cartago (), which means Carthage in Spanish, is a province of central Costa Rica. It is one of the smallest provinces, however probably the richest of the Spanish Colonial era sites and traditions. Geography It is located in the central part of the country and borders the provinces of Limón to the east and San Jose to the west. The capital is Cartago; until 1823 it was also the capital of Costa Rica, which is now San José. The province covers an area of 3,124.61 km² and has a population of 490,903. p. 22 It is subdivided into eight cantons and is connected to San José via a four-lane highway. The highest peak is Cerro de la Muerte at 3,600 meters above sea le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Costa Rica
Costa Rica (, ; ; literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( es, República de Costa Rica), is a country in the Central American region of North America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, and maritime border with Ecuador to the south of Cocos Island. It has a population of around five million in a land area of . An estimated 333,980 people live in the capital and largest city, San José, Costa Rica, San José, with around two million people in the surrounding metropolitan area. The sovereign state is a Unitary state, unitary Presidential system, presidential Constitution of Costa Rica, constitutional republic. It has a long-standing and stable democracy and a highly educated workforce. The country spends roughly 6.9% of its budget (2016) on education, compared to a global average of 4.4%. Its economy, once heavily dependent on agriculture, has diversif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1970 Costa Rican General Election
General elections were held in Costa Rica on 1 February 1970.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p155 Former President José Figueres Ferrer of the National Liberation Party won the presidential election, whilst his party also won the parliamentary election. Voter turnout was 83%.Nohlen, p156 On 25 June 1969, the Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica reformed the Constitution to prohibit presidential reelection, but as any legal reform was retroactive, all previous presidents could be candidates one more time. Two former presidents José Figueres Ferrer and Mario Echandi Jiménez were the two main candidates in the election. Echandi was nominated by then ruling party National Unification (PUN), a right-wing conservative party made out of the merger of the Republicans (Calderonistas) and the National Union ( Ulatistas). However, the union was starting to break and Ulate unsuccessfully presented a separate list of Unification candidates ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1974 Costa Rican General Election
General elections were held in Costa Rica on 3 February 1974.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p155 Daniel Oduber Quirós of the National Liberation Party won the presidential election, whilst his party also won the parliamentary election. Voter turnout was 80%.Nohlen, p157 The Left was theoretically outlawed as the Constitution didn't allow the existence of Marxist parties, but the prohibition was not endorsed in practice by that time and even was lifted with a Constitutional reform for the next election. Campaign The government was affected in its popularity by the “Vesco Case” a corruption case involving then president José Figueres and his dubious connections with international criminal Robert Vesco, which caused heat for ruling party's candidate Daniel Oduber. Rodrigo Carazo, a former member of PLN and Congressman run as an independent candidate. Carazo had problems with Figueres when they both face each other in a prima ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dieter Nohlen
Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg. An expert on electoral systems and political development, he has published several books. IDEA Bibliography Books published by Nohlen include: *''Electoral systems of the world'' (in German, 1978) *''Lexicon of politics'' (seven volumes) *''Elections and Electoral Systems'' (1996) *''Elections in Africa: A Data Handbook'' (1999 with Michael Krennerich and Bernhard Thibaut) *''Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook'' (2001 with and Christof Hartmann) ** ''Volume 2: South East Asia, East Asia, and the Pacific'' (2002), *''Vo ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1978 Costa Rican General Election
General elections were held in Costa Rica on 5 February 1978.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p 155 Rodrigo Carazo Odio of the Unity Coalition won the presidential election, whilst his party also won the parliamentary election. Voter turnout was 81%. Carazo, a former congressman and former member of the National Liberation Party (probably Costa Rica's main political force), left the party several years before and created his own: Democratic Renovation, but a deeply split opposition on the 1974 election caused PLN's easy victory. With that in mind, main leaders of the non-Marxist opposition started talks in order to present a unified candidature. Eventually these talks came through and the main parties in the opposition at the right of the government achieved an agreement; going into a primary election to choose the common nominee. Rodrigo Carazo faced wealthy industrial Miguel Barzuna winning by small margin. Even when some leade ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1982 Costa Rican General Election
General elections were held in Costa Rica on 7 February 1982.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p155 Luis Alberto Monge of the National Liberation Party won the presidential election, whilst his party also won the parliamentary election. Voter turnout was 79%. Affected by a deep economic crisis and tensions with Somoza's Nicaragua due to Rodrigo Carazo's support of the FSLN, Carazo's government suffered from extremely low popularity. This naturally affected the Unity Coalition (Carazo's party) and its candidate Rafael Ángel Calderón Fournier giving to PLN and its candidate trade union leader and farmer Luis Alberto Monge a landslide victory and the party's biggest parliamentary group in its history (33 deputies). Nevertheless, Unity remained as the second most voted party in the election as Calderón was able to attract the traditional and very loyal Calderonista vote. The crisis was also beneficial for the Left as it achiev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1986 Costa Rican General Election
General elections were held in Costa Rica on 2 February 1986.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p155 Óscar Arias Óscar Arias Sánchez (; born 13 September 1940 in Heredia, Costa Rica) is a Costa Rican activist and Nobel Peace Prize laureate. He was President of Costa Rica from 1986 to 1990 and from 2006 to 2010. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 198 ... of the National Liberation Party (Costa Rica), National Liberation Party won the presidential election, whilst his party also won the parliamentary election. Voter turnout was 82%.Nohlen, p157 Costa Rica was under a strong two-party system at the time. The country was undergoing military tensions with neighboring Nicaragua due to the recently happened Sandinista Revolution and Nicaragua's dictator Daniel Ortega's fighting of the right-wing Nicaraguan Contra, Contra rebel guerilla in its southern border disregarding the official limits and confronting Costa Rica's Public For ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1990 Costa Rican General Election
General elections were held in Costa Rica on 4 February 1990.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p155 Rafael Ángel Calderón Fournier of the Social Christian Unity Party (PUSC) won the presidential election, whilst his party also won the parliamentary election. Voter turnout was 81.8%. Unlike previous elections, Calderon's nomination was not undisputed. Despite expressing that he would not run again for President after the results of the previous race, he was eventually convinced by his followers. Yet, young former minister and business man Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Echeverría from the liberal faction inside PUSC choose to face Calderón at the primaries. Former deputy José Hine from PUSC's left wing also run with testimonial results. Despite the fact that Rodríguez clearly had no chance against Calderón, his candidacy was considered a smart move, as he would start to be in the spotlight and helping his way in future nominations. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1994 Costa Rican General Election
General elections were held in Costa Rica on 6 February 1994.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p155 José María Figueres of the National Liberation Party won the presidential election, whilst his party also won the parliamentary election. Voter turnout was 81%.Nohlen, p157 Campaign The primary election were the main focus of controversy during the campaign, as they were particularly negative. In the case of the Social Christian Unity Party (PUSC), Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Echeverría made a second attempt to earn the nomination running against José Joaquín Trejos Fonseca, son of former president José Joaquín Trejos Fernández. The campaign was very ideological with Trejos accusing Rodríguez of not really being Christian Democrat nor following the ideals of Christian socialism and instead being neoliberal. Rodríguez indeed acknowledged to follow classical liberalism and advocated for small government, but without completely ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1998 Costa Rican General Election
General elections were held in Costa Rica on 1 February 1998.Dieter Nohlen (2005) ''Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume I'', p155 Miguel Ángel Rodríguez of the Social Christian Unity Party won the presidential election, whilst his party also won the parliamentary election. Voter turnout was 70%, the lowest since the 1950s. An economic recession, a teachers' strike due to a pensions' reform and some corruption scandals made President José María Figueres' government highly unpopular. Thus, government endorsed candidate José Miguel Corrales tried to distance himself from Figueres as much as possible. Corrales won over former President of Congress Jorge Walter Coto Molina in PLN's primaries but the discovery of Voter fraud damaged PLN's image and split the party. On the contrary in PUSC, previous candidate Miguel Ángel Rodríguez was seen as the natural nominee for this election, and despite the fact that deputy Luis Fishman was rumored as a possible intern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
