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Canon De 90 Mm Modèle 1926
The ''Canon de 90 mm Modèle 1926'' was a light-caliber dual-purpose gun used as primary armament on minesweeping sloops and anti-aircraft armament on a number of French Navy cruisers and battleships during World War II. Description The ''Canon de Modèle 1926'' had an autofretted barrel and a Schneider semi-automatic breech mechanism. These guns were carried in single and double, dual-purpose turrets. Naval Use Ships that carried the ''Canon de 90 mm Modèle 1926'' include: * ''Chamois''-class minesweepers * Battleship ''Jean Bart'' * Cruiser ''Émile Bertin'' * ''Elan''-class minesweepers * ''La Galissonnière''-class cruisers * ''Suffren''-class cruisers * Submarine tender ''Jules Verne'' Land Use In addition to the naval gun, a land-based mobile heavy anti-aircraft version called the ''Canon de 90 mm CA Modèle 1926'' was produced. In 1939 a modified — shortened by — version was produced as the ''Canon de 90 mm CA Modèle 1939''. Both were produce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dual-purpose Gun
A dual-purpose gun is a naval artillery mounting designed to engage both surface and air targets. Description Second World War-era capital ships had four classes of artillery: the heavy main battery, intended to engage opposing battleships and cruisers of 305 mm to 457 mm (12 inch to 18 inch); a secondary battery for use against enemy destroyers of 152 mm to 203 mm (6 inch to 8 inch); heavy anti-aircraft guns of 76 mm to 127 mm (3 inch to 5 inch), which could create barrages to knock out airplanes at a distance; finally, light rapid-fire anti-aircraft batteries (A/A) to track and bring down aircraft at close range. The light A/A was dispersed throughout the ship and included both automatic cannons of 20 mm to 40 mm (.787 inch to 1.57 inch) and heavy machine guns of 12.7 mm to 14.5 mm (.50 inch to .58 inch). During World War II, the US Navy, Royal Navy, the French Navy, and the Imperial Japanese Navy combined the secondary battery with the heavy anti-aircraft guns, creating a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Battleship Jean Bart (1940)
''Jean Bart'' was a French fast battleship, the second and final member of the . Built as a response to the Italian , the ''Richelieu''s were based on their immediate predecessors of the with the same unconventional arrangement that grouped their main battery forward in two quadruple gun turrets. They were scaled up to accommodate a much more powerful main battery of eight guns (compared to the guns of the ''Dunkerque''s), with increased armor to protect them from guns of the same caliber. ''Jean Bart'' was laid down in 1936 and was launched in 1940, following the outbreak of World War II in Europe. The ship was not complete by the time Germany won the Battle of France, and ''Jean Bart'' was rushed to Casablanca to escape advancing German troops. She had only one of her main turrets installed, along with a handful of anti-aircraft guns. While in Casablanca, the French attempted to prepare the ship for action as much as was possible in light of limited infrastructure and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
90 Mm Artillery
9 (nine) is the natural number following and preceding . Evolution of the Arabic digit In the beginning, various Indians wrote a digit 9 similar in shape to the modern closing question mark without the bottom dot. The Kshatrapa, Andhra and Gupta started curving the bottom vertical line coming up with a -look-alike. The Nagari continued the bottom stroke to make a circle and enclose the 3-look-alike, in much the same way that the sign @ encircles a lowercase ''a''. As time went on, the enclosing circle became bigger and its line continued beyond the circle downwards, as the 3-look-alike became smaller. Soon, all that was left of the 3-look-alike was a squiggle. The Arabs simply connected that squiggle to the downward stroke at the middle and subsequent European change was purely cosmetic. While the shape of the glyph for the digit 9 has an ascender in most modern typefaces, in typefaces with text figures the character usually has a descender, as, for example, in . The mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naval Guns Of France
A navy, naval force, or maritime force is the branch of a nation's armed forces principally designated for naval and amphibious warfare; namely, lake-borne, riverine, littoral, or ocean-borne combat operations and related functions. It includes anything conducted by surface ships, amphibious ships, submarines, and seaborne aviation, as well as ancillary support, communications, training, and other fields. The strategic offensive role of a navy is projection of force into areas beyond a country's shores (for example, to protect sea-lanes, deter or confront piracy, ferry troops, or attack other navies, ports, or shore installations). The strategic defensive purpose of a navy is to frustrate seaborne projection-of-force by enemies. The strategic task of the navy also may incorporate nuclear deterrence by use of submarine-launched ballistic missiles. Naval operations can be broadly divided between riverine and littoral applications (brown-water navy), open-ocean applications ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shell (projectile)
A shell, in a military context, is a projectile whose payload contains an explosive, incendiary, or other chemical filling. Originally it was called a bombshell, but "shell" has come to be unambiguous in a military context. Modern usage sometimes includes large solid kinetic projectiles that is properly termed shot. Solid shot may contain a pyrotechnic compound if a tracer or spotting charge is used. All explosive- and incendiary-filled projectiles, particularly for mortars, were originally called ''grenades'', derived from the French word for pomegranate, so called because of the similarity of shape and that the multi-seeded fruit resembles the powder-filled, fragmentizing bomb. Words cognate with ''grenade'' are still used for an artillery or mortar projectile in some European languages. Shells are usually large-caliber projectiles fired by artillery, armored fighting vehicles (e.g. tanks, assault guns, and mortar carriers), warships, and autocannons. The shape ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High Explosive
An explosive (or explosive material) is a reactive substance that contains a great amount of potential energy that can produce an explosion if released suddenly, usually accompanied by the production of light, heat, sound, and pressure. An explosive charge is a measured quantity of explosive material, which may either be composed solely of one ingredient or be a mixture containing at least two substances. The potential energy stored in an explosive material may, for example, be * chemical energy, such as nitroglycerin or grain dust * pressurized gas, such as a gas cylinder, aerosol can, or BLEVE * nuclear energy, such as in the fissile isotopes uranium-235 and plutonium-239 Explosive materials may be categorized by the speed at which they expand. Materials that detonate (the front of the chemical reaction moves faster through the material than the speed of sound) are said to be "high explosives" and materials that deflagrate are said to be "low explosives". Explosi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gun Carriage
A gun carriage is a frame and mount that supports the gun barrel of an artillery piece, allowing it to be maneuvered and fired. These platforms often had wheels so that the artillery pieces could be moved more easily. Gun carriages are also used on ships to facilitate the movement and aiming of large cannons. Early guns The earliest guns were laid directly onto the ground, with earth being piled up under the muzzle end of the barrel to increase the elevation. As the size of guns increased, they began to be attached to heavy wooden frames or beds that were held down by stakes. These began to be replaced by wheeled carriages in the early 16th century. Smoothbore gun carriages From the 16th to the mid-19th century, the main form of artillery remained the smoothbore cannon. By this time, the trunnion (a short axle protruding from either side of the gun barrel) had been developed, with the result that the barrel could be held in two recesses in the carriage and secured with an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Submarine Tender Jules Verne (A640)
''Jules Verne'' (A640) was a submarine tender of the French Navy commissioned in 1932. She saw service during World War II, first on the side of the Allies from 1939 to 1940, then in the forces of Vichy France until late in 1942, when she rejoined the Allies as a unit of the Free French Naval Forces. She operated in the North Sea early in the war, then in African waters. After World War II, she operated in French Indochina as a repair ship during the First Indochina War. She was retired in 1959. Construction and commissioning ''Jules Verne'' was authorized by the naval law of 4 August 1926,. and her keel was laid down by the Lorient Arsenal at Lorient, France, on 3 June 1929. Launched on 3 February 1931, she was armed for trials on 23 February 1931 and commissioned on 26 September 1932 with the pennant number A640. She was designed and equipped to support a flotilla of six submarines. Service history French Navy Pre-World War II Based at Brest, France, ''Jules ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suffren-class Cruiser
The ''Suffren'' class was an interwar treaty cruiser built by France for the French Navy. The design was based on the preceding and traded speed for protection while retaining the same armament. The first ship, ''Suffren'', was completed to this design. The following ships, ''Colbert'', ''Foch'', ''Dupleix'', were completed to a modified design with heavier secondary armament and rearranged topside. The ships entered service from 1930 to 1933, with ''Suffren'' being the sole survivor of the Second World War. Prior to the London Naval Treaty, the French Navy classified cruisers as armoured (''croiseur cuirasse'') or light (''croiseurs legers''); afterwards cruisers were divided between first class (''croiseur de 1ere classe'') and second class (''croiseur de 2e classe''). The ''Suffren'' was initially classified as a light cruiser, and then as a first class cruiser on 1 July 1931. Design and description Hull and protection The design of the ''Suffren'' was based on the wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Galissonnière-class Cruiser
The ''La Galissonnière''-class cruisers were commissioned by the French Navy in the 1930s. They were the last French cruisers completed after 1935, until the completion of in 1956. They are considered fast, reliable and successful light cruisers. Two cruisers of this class, and , took part in the defence of Dakar in late September 1940 during World War II. With the cruiser , they joined the Allied forces after the successful Allied landings in North Africa in November 1942. The three other cruisers of the ''La Galissonière'' class, held under Vichy control at Toulon, were scuttled on 27 November 1942. After refitting, ''Georges Leygues'', ''Montcalm'' and ''Gloire'' took part in various Allied operations, including the Normandy landings in 1944. Postwar, several of the class acted as the flagship of the French Mediterranean Squadron, and carried out operations off Indo-China until 1954, and afterwards were deployed during the Suez Crisis and operations off Algeria. They were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Cruiser Émile Bertin
''Émile Bertin'' was a French fast light cruiser named after Louis-Émile Bertin, a 19th-century naval architect. She was designed to operate both as a minelayer and as a destroyer flotilla leader. The design was the basis for later light and heavy French cruisers, particularly the slightly larger of cruisers. This was the first French warship to use triple mountings for guns. Design and description ''Émile Bertin'' had an overall length of , a beam of , and a draft of . She displaced at standard load and at deep load. Her hull was divided by 13 bulkheads into 14 watertight compartments. Her crew consisted of 543 men in peacetime and 675 in wartime; she carried an additional 24 men when serving as a flagship. Service history World War II Before World War II, ''Émile Bertin'' served as flagship for a flotilla of 12 large destroyers of the and es in the Atlantic. At the start of 1939, she was transferred to Toulon. In secrecy, she arrived in Lebanon on 23 September 1939, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
