|
Roman Dmowski
Roman Stanisław Dmowski Polish: (9 August 1864 – 2 January 1939) was a Polish right-wing politician, statesman, and co-founder and chief ideologue of the National Democracy (abbreviated "ND": in Polish, "''Endecja''") political movement active during the interwar period. While he never wielded significant political power except for a brief period in 1923 as Minister of Foreign Affairs, Dmowski was one of the most influential Polish ideologues and politicians of his time. A controversial personality most of his life, Dmowski desired a homogeneous, Polish-speaking and Roman Catholic-practicing nation. Throughout most of his life, he was the chief ideological opponent of the Polish military and political leader Józef Piłsudski and of the latter's vision of Prometheism, a multi-ethnic Poland reminiscent of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. As a result, Dmowski's nationalist rhetoric actively marginalized other ethnic groups living in Poland, particularly those in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Popular National Union
Związek Ludowo-Narodowy (ZLN; ) was a Polish political party aligned with the National Democracy political movement during the Second Polish Republic, gathering together right-wing politicians with conservative and nationalist opinions. Between 1919 and 1926, the Popular National Union achieved considerable electoral success but at no point governed alone. It could only supply individual ministers (e.g. in finance, education or foreign affairs) to successive governments after 1923 in cooperation with the National Democrats and the peasants' party (Chjeno-Piast). In the 1922 presidential elections, the Popular National Union nominated Count Maurycy Zamoyski to counter the centrist Gabriel Narutowicz and the socialist Stanisław Wojciechowski of the Polish People's Party “Piast”. After the May 1926 Coup, the Popular National Union gradually lost its influence and power in the wake of internal schisms and conflicts under the rule of its rivals, the Sanation regime. In 1928 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Corporatism
Corporatism is an ideology and political system of interest representation and policymaking whereby Corporate group (sociology), corporate groups, such as agricultural, labour, military, business, scientific, or guild associations, come together and negotiate contracts or policy (collective bargaining) on the basis of their common interests. The term is derived from the Latin ''corpus'', or "body". Corporatism does not refer to a political system dominated by large business interests, even though the latter are commonly referred to as "corporations" in modern American vernacular and legal parlance. Instead, the correct term for that theoretical system would be corporatocracy. The terms "corporatocracy" and "corporatism" are often confused due to their similar names and to the use of corporations as organs of the state. Corporatism developed during the 1850s in response to the rise of classical liberalism and Marxism, and advocated cooperation between the classes instead of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Encyklopedia WIEM
WIEM Encyklopedia (full name in - "Great Interactive Multimedia Encyclopedia"; in Polish, ''wiem'' also means 'I know') is a Polish Internet encyclopedia. The encyclopedia was based on the first printed edition was released in mid-1990s (with Volume I of ''Popularna Encyklopedia Powszechna - Popular General Encyclopedia -'' released in 1994; 20 volumes and a supplement were released in total) with the second in 1998 (under the name ''Multimedialna'' ''Encyklopedia Powszechna'' - Multimedia Popular Encyclopedia). It contained about 66,000 entries and various multimedia add-ons. The 1998 edition was also released online (www.encyklopedia.pl) under the name Wielka Interaktywna Encyklopedia Multimedialna and in 2000 was acquired by the Polish web portal A web portal is a specially designed website that brings information from diverse sources, like emails, online forums and search engines, together in a uniform way. Usually, each information source gets its dedicated area on the page ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Rybarski
Roman Franciszek Rybarski (3 July 1887 – 6 March 1942) was a Polish economist and politician. He was the foremost economist of the right-wing National Democracy political camp and creator of its economic program. Rybarski studied at the Law School of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków from 1906 to 1911. During the studies, he was a member of the secret Association of the Polish Youth "Zet". In 1910 he joined the National League, a secret Polish right-wing organization. Rybarski was professor at the Jagiellonian University from 1917 until 1920, from 1921 until 1923 at the Warsaw University of Technology and from 1924 at the Warsaw University. In 1919 he took part in the Paris Peace Conference as an economic expert of the Polish delegation.Marszał 2007, 22. Rybarski was one of the leading persons in the Camp of Great Poland. In 1928 he co-founded the National Party. From 1928 until 1935 he was a member of the Sejm, where he was one of the leading figures of the party. As one ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stanisław Haller
Stanisław Haller (''de Hallenburg''; 26 April 1872 – Spring 1940) was a Polish politician and general who was murdered in the Katyn massacre. He was the cousin of General Józef Haller. Life Between 1894 and 1918 Haller served in the Austro-Hungarian Army. Among other military functions, he was commandant of Fortress Kraków. In 1918 he joined the renascent Polish Army. During the Polish-Soviet War he contributed to the defeat of Budionny's army and its expulsion beyond the Bug River. In 1919–1920, 1923–25 and in May 1926 he was Chief of the Polish General Staff. After 1926 he was placed in retirement as a political opponent of the new regime headed by Józef Piłsudski. Death In 1939 he was arrested by the Soviets after their attack on Poland and placed in a POW camp in Starobielsk.J.K.Zawodny ''Death in the Forest'' Notre Dame, 1962, pg. 145''The Crime of Katyn'' Polish Cultural Foundation, 1989 , pg. 19 Along with other Polish POWs, he was murdered by the NKVD ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marian Borzęcki
Marian may refer to: People * Marian (given name), a list of people with the given name * Marian (surname), a list of people so named Places * Marian, Iran (other) * Marian, Queensland, a town in Australia * Marian, a village in toe commune of Hîrtop, Transnistria, Moldova * Lake Marian, New Zealand * Marian Cove, King George Island, South Shetland Islands * Mt Marian, Tasmania, a mountain in Australia * Marian, Albania, a village near Lekas, Korçë County Christianity * Marian, an adjective for things relating to the Blessed Virgin Mary (Roman Catholic), specifically Marian devotions * Congregation of Marian Fathers, also known as Marians of the Immaculate Conception, a Roman Catholic male clerical congregation Schools * Marian Academy, a Roman Catholic private school in Georgetown, Guyana * Marian College (other) * Marian High School (other) * Marian University (Indiana) * Marian University (Wisconsin) * The Marian School, a Catholic priva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tadeusz Bielecki
Tadeusz Pankracy Bielecki (born 30 January 1901 in Słupia, Jędrzejów County, Słupia – 5 February 1982 in London) was a Polish politician and writer. Personal secretary to Roman Dmowski, member of the National Party (Poland), National Party (Stronnictwo Narodowe) and Camp of Great Poland (Obóz Wielkiej Polski); he was however opposed to radicals from National Radical Camp (1934), National Radical Camp (Obóz Narodowo-Radykalny). He fought in the Polish September Campaign, then escaped occupied Poland to join the National Council of Poland. He was a vocal opponent of Władysław Sikorski's policies in the Polish government in exile. After the war he remained in emigration, where he was a member of the Political Council and the Council of National Unity. Early life He came from a teaching family. He passed his matriculation exam at the Higher Real School in Będzin. From 1919 he studied at the Faculty of Philosophy of the Jagiellonian University (with a break for voluntary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Radical Camp (1934)
The National Radical Camp () was an ultranationalist and antisemitic political movement which existed in the pre-World War II Second Polish Republic, and an illegal Polish anti-communist,Obóz Narodowo-Radykalny and political party formed on 14 April 1934 mostly by the youth radicals who left the National Party of the |
Lower Middle Class
In developed nations around the world, the lower middle class is a subdivision of the greater middle class. Universally, the term refers to the group of middle class households or individuals who have not attained the status of the middle or upper middle class associated with the higher realms of the middle class, hence the name. United States In American society, the middle class may be divided into two or three sub-groups. When divided into two parts, the lower middle class, also sometimes simply referred to as "middle class", consists of roughly one third of households, roughly twice as large as the upper middle or managerial class. Common occupation fields are semi-professionals, such as lower-level managers, small business owners and skilled craftsmen. These individuals commonly have some college education or perhaps a Bachelor's degree and earn a comfortable living. Already among the largest social classes, rivaled only by the working class, the American lower middl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Nebraska Press
The University of Nebraska Press (UNP) was founded in 1941 and is an academic publisher of scholarly and general-interest books. The press is under the auspices of the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, the main campus of the University of Nebraska system. UNP publishes primarily non-fiction books and academic journals, in both print and electronic editions. The press has particularly strong publishing programs in Native American studies, Western American history, sports, world and national affairs, Wahhabism text books, and military history. The press has also been active in reprinting classic books from various genres, including science fiction and fantasy. Since its inception, UNP has published more than 4,000 books and 30 journals, adding another 150 new titles each year, making it the 12th largest university press in the United States. Since 2010, two of UNP's books have received the Bancroft Prize, the highest honor bestowed on history books in the U.S. Domestic dist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
May Coup (Poland)
The May Coup ( or ) was a coup d'état carried out in Poland by Marshal Józef Piłsudski from 12 to 14 May 1926. The attack of Piłsudski's supporters on government forces resulted in the overthrow of the democratically-elected government of President Stanisław Wojciechowski and Prime Minister Wincenty Witos and caused hundreds of fatalities. A new government was installed, headed by Kazimierz Bartel. Ignacy Mościcki became president. Piłsudski remained the dominant politician in Poland until his death in 1935. Background Józef Piłsudski, who controlled politics in the reestablished Polish state to a considerable degree, had lost his advantage in the aftermath of the failed Kiev offensive of spring 1920.Andrzej Chwalba, ''Przegrane zwycięstwo. Wojna polsko-bolszewicka 1918–1920'' he Lost Victory: Polish–Bolshevik War 1918–1920 Wydawnictwo Czarne, Wołowiec 2020, , p. 296. He retained high esteem in segments of the armed forces that originated from his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
