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CRRC MA HR4000
The HR4000 is an electric multiple unit rapid transit car being manufactured by CRRC and assembled in Springfield, Massachusetts for the Los Angeles Metro Rail's B and D lines. The Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro) ordered 64 cars from CRRC in 2017, with options for a further 218 cars. Construction of the trains began in 2021, with the first train entering service only on the D Line on December 20, 2024, due to testing on Section 1 of the D Line Extension. History , the Breda A650 subway fleet is at least 26 years old, having been built in two batches between 1988 and 1997. New trains will allow for future replacement of all Breda A650 trains, expanded train service including a four minute train frequency, and extensions of the D Line over three phases. Shortly after the groundbreaking of the D Line Extension in 2014, procurement started for new trains to run on the extension. A request for proposals was issued by Metro in June 2016. Two bi ...
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CRRC
CRRC Corporation Limited (known as CRRC) is a Chinese state-owned and publicly traded rolling stock manufacturer. It is the world's largest rolling stock manufacturer in terms of revenue, eclipsing its major competitors of Alstom and Siemens. It was formed on 1 June 2015 through the merger of CNR and CSR. As of 2016 it had 183,061 employees. The parent company is CRRC Group, a state-owned enterprise supervised by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council. The State Council also owned additional shares via China Securities Finance and Central Huijin Investment. History Merger CNR Group and CSR Group, were once one company, (LORIC). The company was split up in 2002. In late 2014, CNR Group and CSR Group agreed to merge, subject to approval by the Chinese state. Under the agreement, CNR Group would formally acquire CSR Group (but CSR Corporation Limited would acquire China CNR Corporation Limited), and the combined business ...
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D Line Extension
The D Line Subway Extension Project (formerly known as the Westside Subway Extension, the Subway to the Sea, and the Purple Line Extension) is a construction project in Los Angeles County, California, extending the rapid transit D Line (formerly the Purple Line) of the Los Angeles Metro Rail system from its current terminus at in Koreatown, Los Angeles, to the Westside region. The project is being supervised by the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro). The subway has been given high priority by Metro in its long-range plans, and funding for the project was included in two county sales tax measures, Measure R and Measure M. The project's draft environmental impact statement was completed in September 2010, and a locally preferred alternative was selected in October 2010. Metro released the D Line (then the Purple Line) Extension's final environmental impact report in 2012. The entire project was approved at the Metro Board of Directors meeting on ...
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Electric Multiple Units Of The United States
Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter possessing an electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described by Maxwell's equations. Common phenomena are related to electricity, including lightning, static electricity, electric heating, electric discharges and many others. The presence of either a positive or negative electric charge produces an electric field. The motion of electric charges is an electric current and produces a magnetic field. In most applications, Coulomb's law determines the force acting on an electric charge. Electric potential is the Work (physics), work done to move an electric charge from one point to another within an electric field, typically measured in volts. Electricity plays a central role in many modern technologies, serving in electric power where electric current is used to energise equipment, and in electronics dealing w ...
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Twin Unit
A twin unit, twinset, or double unit is a set of two railroad Railway car, cars or locomotives which are permanently coupled and treated as if they were a single unit. A twinset of cars or coaches can also be called a twin car. In US passenger railroad parlance, twin units are also known as married pairs. On passenger railroads, light rail, and monorail services, married pairs may have machinery necessary for full operation of the cars split between them. Items that are typically shared include transformers, motor controllers, dynamic braking grids, cabs, current collectors, batteries, and air compressors. This provides significant savings in both cost of equipment and weight, which increases performance and decreases energy consumption. The Operating cost, cost of operating such a pair may be slightly higher when the extra car in such a pair is not needed to meet level-of-service demands at a particular time. See also * Cow–calf * Multiple unit References

Rolling s ...
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Gangway Connection
A gangway connection or corridor connection is a flexible connector fitted to the end of a railway coach, enabling passengers to move between coaches without danger of falling from the train. Origins: Coaches in British and American railways The London and North Western Railway (LNWR) was the first British railway to provide passengers with the means to move from one coach to another while the train was in motion. In 1869 the LNWR built a pair of saloons for the use of Queen Victoria; these had six-wheel underframes (the bogie coach did not appear in Britain until 1872), and the gangway was fitted to only one end of each coach. The Queen preferred to wait until the train had stopped before using the gangway. In 1887, George M. Pullman introduced his patented vestibule cars. Older railroad cars had open platforms at their ends, which were used both for joining and leaving the train, but could also be used to step from one car to the next. This practice was dangerous, and so Pu ...
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Hyundai Rotem HR5000
The HR5000 is an electric multiple unit rapid transit car ordered from Hyundai Rotem for the Los Angeles Metro Rail's B and D lines. Following a decision by the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro) not to purchase additional CRRC HR4000 trains, bids were sought for new subway trains. In January 2024, 182 cars were ordered from Hyundai Rotem, with options for 50 more cars. These will enter service prior to the 2028 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games, with all trains in service by 2030. History , the Metro Rail subway fleet is at least 32 years old, with the Breda A650 trains built in two batches between 1988 and 1997 and newer CRRC HR4000 trains which entered service in late 2024. New trains will allow for future replacement of all Breda A650 trains, expanded train service including a four-minute train frequency, and extensions of the D Line over three phases. In 2017, Metro awarded a contract to CRRC for 64 trains, with contract options for 21 ...
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Facebook
Facebook is a social media and social networking service owned by the American technology conglomerate Meta Platforms, Meta. Created in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg with four other Harvard College students and roommates, Eduardo Saverin, Andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz, and Chris Hughes, its name derives from the face book directories often given to American university students. Membership was initially limited to Harvard students, gradually expanding to other North American universities. Since 2006, Facebook allows everyone to register from 13 years old, except in the case of a handful of nations, where the age requirement is 14 years. , Facebook claimed almost 3.07 billion monthly active users worldwide. , Facebook ranked as the List of most-visited websites, third-most-visited website in the world, with 23% of its traffic coming from the United States. It was the most downloaded mobile app of the 2010s. Facebook can be accessed from devices with Internet connectivit ...
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Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act
The Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act () is a United States federal law that changed U.S. policy on China's Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR, or Xinjiang) with the goal of ensuring that American entities are not funding forced labor among ethnic minorities in the region. It was signed into law in December 2021 and took effect in June 2022. The bill was first introduced in the 116th United States Congress, 116th Congress and on September 22, 2020, the bill passed the United States House of Representatives, House by 406–3 votes. The three no votes were cast by Justin Amash, Warren Davidson, and Thomas Massie. The bill died in committee in the United States Senate, Senate. The bill was reintroduced in the List of bills in the 117th United States Congress, 117th Congress () and unanimously passed the Senate on July 14, 2021. On December 8, 2021, a similar bill () passed the House by a 428–1 vote. Thomas Massie was the sole no vote. A revised version () that eliminated dif ...
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COVID-19 Pandemic In The United States
On December 31, 2019, China announced the discovery of a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan. The first American case was reported on January 20, and United States Department of Health and Human Services, Health and Human Services Secretary Alex Azar declared a Public health emergency (United States), public health emergency on January 31. Restrictions were placed on flights arriving from China, but the initial U.S. response to the pandemic was otherwise slow in terms of preparing the healthcare system, stopping other travel, and COVID-19 testing in the United States, testing. The first known American deaths occurred in February and in late February President Donald Trump proposed allocating $2.5 billion to fight the outbreak. Instead, Congress approved $8.3 billion and Trump signed the Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020 on March 6. Trump declared a State of emergency, national emergency on March 13. The government also purchased lar ...
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Changchun
Changchun is the capital and largest city of Jilin, Jilin Province, China, on the Songliao Plain. Changchun is administered as a , comprising seven districts, one county and three county-level cities. At the 2020 census of China, Changchun had a population of 9,066,906; its metro area, comprising five districts and one development area, had a population of 5,019,477. Shuangyang and Jiutai districts are not urbanized yet. It is one of the biggest cities in Northeast China, along with Shenyang, Dalian and Harbin. The name of the city means "long spring" in Chinese language, Chinese. Between 1932 and 1945, Changchun was renamed Xinjing ( zh, c=新京 , p=Xīnjīng, l=new capital) or Hsinking by the Kwantung Army as the capital of the Imperial Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo, occupying modern Northeast China. After the Proclamation of the founding of the People's Republic of China, foundation of the People's Republic of China in 1949, Changchun was established as the provincial ...
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CRRC HR4000 - Wilshire And Western
CRRC Corporation Limited (known as CRRC) is a Chinese state-owned and publicly traded rolling stock manufacturer. It is the world's largest rolling stock manufacturer in terms of revenue, eclipsing its major competitors of Alstom and Siemens. It was formed on 1 June 2015 through the merger of CNR and CSR. As of 2016 it had 183,061 employees. The parent company is CRRC Group, a state-owned enterprise supervised by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council. The State Council also owned additional shares via China Securities Finance and Central Huijin Investment. History Merger CNR Group and CSR Group, were once one company, (LORIC). The company was split up in 2002. In late 2014, CNR Group and CSR Group agreed to merge, subject to approval by the Chinese state. Under the agreement, CNR Group would formally acquire CSR Group (but CSR Corporation Limited would acquire China CNR Corporation Limited), and the combined business would be r ...
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Hyundai Rotem
Hyundai Rotem Company, often referred to as Hyundai Rotem (), is a South Korean manufacturer of railway rolling stock, railway signalling, defense products and plant equipment. It is a member of Hyundai Motor Group and has presence in more than 50 countries worldwide. As of 2023, Hyundai Rotem has more than 3,900 employees. History As part of the Government of South Korea, government-led restructuring in the wake of 1997 Asian financial crisis, Korea Rolling Stock Corporation (KOROS, ) was founded on 1 July 1999 as a result of the merger between three major rolling stock divisions of Hanjin Heavy Industries, Daewoo Heavy Industries, and Hyundai Mobis, Hyundai Precision Industry. In 2000, Hyundai Precision Industry sold its defence and plant businesses to KOROS, effectively making KOROS an affiliate company of Hyundai Motor Company. Hyundai Precision Industry was renamed as Hyundai Mobis in the same year. In August 2001, in an aftermath of Daewoo Group's dissolution, Daewoo He ...
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