|
Bombycilloidea
Bombycilloidea is a Superfamily (biology), superfamily of Passerine, passerine birds that contains ten living species. They are found in North America, North, Central America, most of the Palearctic realm, Palearctic, the Arabian Peninsula, the islands of Hispaniola and Sulawesi, and formerly the Hawaiian Islands. Taxonomy The superfamily includes only ten extant species. It is Sister group, sister to a clade containing Muscicapoidea, Certhioidea, Certhoidea and Kinglet, Regulidae (both clades are contained within the Order (biology), parvorder Muscicapida), from which it diverged during the mid-late Oligocene, about 25 million years ago. The common ancestor for both clades lived in Eurasia; at some point, the ancestral Bombycilloidea arrived in North America where they rapidly radiated into multiple families. One of these lineages moved back into Eurasia, where it gave rise to several lineages that stayed in Eurasia or colonized Wallacea or Hawaii. Two families, the waxwings ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muscicapida
Muscicapida is a clade of birds in the order Passeriformes. Oliveros, C.H. ''et al''. (2019) suggested a gondwanan migration of this lineage from Australia to Eurasia. Systematics The parvorder contains the following 19 families:H Kuhl, C Frankl-Vilches, A Bakker, G Mayr, G Nikolaus, S T Boerno, S Klages, B Timmermann, M Gahr (2020An unbiased molecular approach using 3’UTRs resolves the avian family-level tree of life ''Molecular Biology and Evolution''. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa191 * Bombycilloidea ** Dulidae: palmchat ** Bombycillidae: waxwings ** Ptiliogonatidae: silky flycatchers ** Hylocitreidae: hylocitrea ** Hypocoliidae: hypocolius **† Mohoidae: oos * Muscicapoidea ** Elachuridae: spotted elachura ** Cinclidae: dippers ** Muscicapidae: Old World flycatchers and chats ** Turdidae: thrushes and allies ** Buphagidae: oxpeckers ** Sturnidae: starlings and rhabdornis ** Mimidae: mockingbirds and thrashers * Regulidae: goldcrests and kinglets * Certhioidea ** Tic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Passerine
A passerine () is any bird of the order Passeriformes (; from Latin 'sparrow' and '-shaped') which includes more than half of all bird species. Sometimes known as perching birds, passerines generally have an anisodactyl arrangement of their toes (three pointing forward and one back), which facilitates perching. With more than 140 families and some 6,500 identified species, Passeriformes is the largest order of birds and one of the most diverse clades of terrestrial vertebrates, representing 60% of birds.Ericson, P.G.P. et al. (2003Evolution, biogeography, and patterns of diversification in passerine birds ''J. Avian Biol'', 34:3–15.Selvatti, A.P. et al. (2015"A Paleogene origin for crown passerines and the diversification of the Oscines in the New World" ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'', 88:1–15. Passerines are divided into three suborders: New Zealand wrens; Suboscines, primarily found in North and South America; and songbirds. Passerines originated in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waxwing
The waxwings are three species of passerine birds classified in the genus ''Bombycilla''. They are pinkish-brown and pale grey with distinctive smooth plumage in which many body feathers are not individually visible, a black and white eyestripe, a crest, a square-cut tail and pointed wings. Some of the wing feathers have red tips, the resemblance of which to sealing wax gives these birds their common name. According to most authorities, this is the only genus placed in the family Bombycillidae, although sometimes the family is extended to include related taxa that are more usually included in separate families: silky flycatchers ( Ptiliogonatidae (e.g. '' Phainoptila'')), ''Hypocolius'' ( Hypocoliidae), ''Hylocitrea'' ( Hylocitreidae), palmchats ( Dulidae) and the Hawaiian honeyeaters ( Mohoidae). There are three species: the Bohemian waxwing (''B. garrulus''), the Japanese waxwing (''B. japonica'') and the cedar waxwing (''B. cedrorum''). Waxwings are not long-distance migra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dulidae
The palmchat (''Dulus dominicus'') is a small, long-tailed passerine bird, the only species in the genus ''Dulus'' and the family Dulidae endemic to the Caribbean island of Hispaniola (split between the Dominican Republic and Haiti). It is related to the waxwings, family Bombycillidae. Its name reflects its strong association with palms for feeding, roosting, and nesting. The palmchat is the national bird of the Dominican Republic. Taxonomy In 1760 the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson included a description of the palmchat in his ''Ornithologie'' based on a specimen collected from the French colony of Saint-Domingue, modern Haiti. He used the French name ''Le tangara de S. Dominigue'' and the Latin ''Tangara Dominicensis''. The two stars (**) at the start of the section indicates that Brisson based his description on the examination of a specimen. Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the binomial system and are not recognised by the Internatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bombycillidae
The waxwings are three species of passerine birds classified in the genus ''Bombycilla''. They are pinkish-brown and pale grey with distinctive smooth plumage in which many body feathers are not individually visible, a black and white eyestripe, a crest, a square-cut tail and pointed wings. Some of the wing feathers have red tips, the resemblance of which to sealing wax gives these birds their common name. According to most authorities, this is the only genus placed in the family Bombycillidae, although sometimes the family is extended to include related taxa that are more usually included in separate families: silky flycatchers ( Ptiliogonatidae (e.g. '' Phainoptila'')), ''Hypocolius'' ( Hypocoliidae), ''Hylocitrea'' ( Hylocitreidae), palmchats ( Dulidae) and the Hawaiian honeyeaters ( Mohoidae). There are three species: the Bohemian waxwing (''B. garrulus''), the Japanese waxwing (''B. japonica'') and the cedar waxwing (''B. cedrorum''). Waxwings are not long-distance mig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hylocitreidae
The hylocitrea (''Hylocitrea bonensis''), also known as the yellow-flanked whistler or olive-flanked whistler, is a species of bird that is Endemism, endemic to montane forests on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi.Boles, W. E. (2007). Yellow-flanked Whistler (Hylocitrea bonensis). pp. 411 in: Del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A., & Christie D. eds. (2007). ''Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 12. Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees.'' Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. It is monotypic within the genus ''Hylocitrea'', and has traditionally been considered a member of the family Pachycephalidae, but recent Genetics, genetic evidence suggests it should be placed in a monotypic subfamily of the family Bombycillidae, or even its own family, Hylocitreidae. A 2019 study found it to be a sister group to a clade containing the Grey hypocolius, hypocolius (Hypocoliidae) and the extinct Mohoidae, Hawaiian honeyeaters (Mohoidae), with the clade containing all three being a sister group to the Silky-flycatche ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypocoliidae
The grey hypocolius or simply hypocolius (''Hypocolius ampelinus'') is a small passerine bird species. It is the sole member of the genus ''Hypocolius'' and it is placed in a family of its own, the Hypocoliidae. This slender and long tailed bird is found in the dry semi-desert region of northern Africa, Arabia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and western India. They fly in flocks and forage mainly on fruits, migrating south in winter. During migration they are often found feeding on the fruits of ''Salvadora persica''. Description The grey hypocolius is a slim bird with a long tail, slight crest and thick, short hook-tipped bill. Its shape and soft, satiny plumage resembles that of the waxwing. Birds are mainly a uniform grey or brownish-grey colour, with males having a black triangular mask around the eyes. They have white-tipped black primary wing feathers and a black terminal band on the tail. Adults are about in length. The head feathers are raised when the bird is excited. They fly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hylocitrea
The hylocitrea (''Hylocitrea bonensis''), also known as the yellow-flanked whistler or olive-flanked whistler, is a species of bird that is endemic to montane forests on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi.Boles, W. E. (2007). Yellow-flanked Whistler (Hylocitrea bonensis). pp. 411 in: Del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A., & Christie D. eds. (2007). ''Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 12. Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees.'' Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. It is monotypic within the genus ''Hylocitrea'', and has traditionally been considered a member of the family Pachycephalidae, but recent genetic evidence suggests it should be placed in a monotypic subfamily of the family Bombycillidae, or even its own family, Hylocitreidae. A 2019 study found it to be a sister group to a clade containing the hypocolius (Hypocoliidae) and the extinct Hawaiian honeyeaters (Mohoidae), with the clade containing all three being a sister group to the silky-flycatchers (Ptiliogonatidae). The divergences formi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Palmchat
The palmchat (''Dulus dominicus'') is a small, long-tailed passerine bird, the only species in the genus ''Dulus'' and the family Dulidae endemic to the Caribbean island of Hispaniola (split between the Dominican Republic and Haiti). It is related to the waxwings, family Bombycillidae. Its name reflects its strong association with palms for feeding, roosting, and nesting. The palmchat is the national bird of the Dominican Republic. Taxonomy In 1760 the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson included a description of the palmchat in his ''Ornithologie'' based on a specimen collected from the French colony of Saint-Domingue, modern Haiti. He used the French name ''Le tangara de S. Dominigue'' and the Latin ''Tangara Dominicensis''. The two stars (**) at the start of the section indicates that Brisson based his description on the examination of a specimen. Although Brisson coined Latin names, these do not conform to the binomial system and are not recognised by the Intern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grey Hypocolius
The grey hypocolius or simply hypocolius (''Hypocolius ampelinus'') is a small passerine bird species. It is the sole member of the genus ''Hypocolius'' and it is placed in a family of its own, the Hypocoliidae. This slender and long tailed bird is found in the dry semi-desert region of northern Africa, Arabia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and western India. They fly in flocks and forage mainly on fruits, migrating south in winter. During migration they are often found feeding on the fruits of ''Salvadora persica''. Description The grey hypocolius is a slim bird with a long tail, slight crest and thick, short hook-tipped bill. Its shape and soft, satiny plumage resembles that of the waxwing. Birds are mainly a uniform grey or brownish-grey colour, with males having a black triangular mask around the eyes. They have white-tipped black primary wing feathers and a black terminal band on the tail. Adults are about in length. The head feathers are raised when the bird is excited. They fly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order (biology)
Order () is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. For some groups of organisms, their orders may follow consist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oligocene
The Oligocene ( ) is a geologic epoch (geology), epoch of the Paleogene Geologic time scale, Period that extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present ( to ). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the exact dates of the start and end of the epoch are slightly uncertain. The name Oligocene was coined in 1854 by the German paleontologist Heinrich Ernst Beyrich from his studies of marine beds in Belgium and Germany. The name comes from Ancient Greek (''olígos'') 'few' and (''kainós'') 'new', and refers to the sparsity of Neontology, extant forms of Mollusca, molluscs. The Oligocene is preceded by the Eocene Epoch and is followed by the Miocene Epoch. The Oligocene is the third and final epoch of the Paleogene Period. The Oligocene is often considered an important time of transition, a link between the archaic world of the tropical Eocene and the more modern ecosystems of the Miocene. Major chang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
