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Alphaherpesvirinae
''Alphaherpesvirinae'' is a subfamily of viruses in the family ''Herpesviridae'', primarily distinguished by reproducing more quickly than other subfamilies in the ''Herpesviridae''. In animal virology the most important herpesviruses belong to the Alphaherpesvirinae. Pseudorabies virus is the causative agent of Aujeszky's disease in pigs, and '' Bovine herpesvirus 1'' is the causative agent of bovine infectious rhinotracheitis and pustular vulvovaginitis. Mammals serve as natural hosts. There are currently 45 species in this subfamily, divided among 5 genera, with one species unassigned to a genus. Diseases associated with this subfamily include: HHV-1 and HHV-2: skin vesicles or mucosal ulcers, rarely encephalitis and meningitis, HHV-3: chickenpox (varicella) and shingles, GaHV-2: Marek's disease. Genera ''Alphaherpesvirinae'' consists of the following five genera: * '' Iltovirus'' * ''Mardivirus'' * '' Scutavirus'' * '' Simplexvirus'' * '' Varicellovirus'' The species ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
HHV-3
Varicella zoster virus (VZV), also known as human herpesvirus 3 (HHV-3, HHV3), is one of nine known herpes viruses that can infect humans. It causes chickenpox (varicella) commonly affecting children and young adults, and shingles (herpes zoster) in adults but rarely in children. As a late complication of VZV infection, Ramsay Hunt syndrome type 2 may develop in rare cases. VZV infections are species-specific to humans. The virus can survive in external environments for a few hours. VZV multiplies in the tonsils, and causes a wide variety of symptoms. Similar to the herpes simplex viruses, after primary infection with VZV (chickenpox), the virus lies dormant in neurons, including the cranial nerve ganglia, dorsal root ganglia, and autonomic ganglia. Many years after the person has recovered from initial chickenpox infection, VZV can ''reactivate'' to cause shingles. Epidemiology Chickenpox Primary varicella zoster virus infection results in chickenpox (varicella), which ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Electron Micrograph
A micrograph is an image, captured photographically or digitally, taken through a microscope or similar device to show a magnify, magnified image of an object. This is opposed to a macrograph or photomacrograph, an image which is also taken on a microscope but is only slightly magnified, usually less than 10 times. Micrography is the practice or art of using microscopes to make photographs. A photographic micrograph is a photomicrograph, and one taken with an electron microscope is an electron micrograph. A micrograph contains extensive details of microstructure. A wealth of information can be obtained from a simple micrograph like behavior of the material under different conditions, the phases found in the system, failure analysis, grain size estimation, elemental analysis and so on. Micrographs are widely used in all fields of microscopy. Types Photomicrograph A light micrograph or photomicrograph is a micrograph prepared using an optical microscope, a process referred to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iltovirus
''Iltovirus'' is a genus of viruses in the order ''Herpesvirales'', in the family ''Herpesviridae'', in the subfamily ''Alphaherpesvirinae''. Birds, galliform birds, psittacine birds, chickens, turkeys, and quail Quail is a collective name for several genera of mid-sized birds generally placed in the order Galliformes. The collective noun for a group of quail is a flock, covey, or bevy. Old World quail are placed in the family Phasianidae, and New ... serve as natural hosts. Diseases associated with this genus include: acute respiratory diseases: gaHV-1: infectious laryngotracheitis; psHV-1: Pacheco's disease. Species The genus consists of the following species: * '' Iltovirus cacatuidalpha2'' * '' Iltovirus gallidalpha1'', also called Gallid alphaherpesvirus 1 * '' Iltovirus psittacidalpha1'', also called Psittacid alphaherpesvirus 1 * '' Iltovirus psittacidalpha5'' Structure Viruses in ''Iltovirus'' are enveloped, with icosahedral, spherical to pleomorphic, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Animal Virology
Veterinary virology is the study of viruses in non-human animals. It is an important branch of veterinary medicine. Rhabdoviruses Rhabdoviruses are a diverse family of single stranded, negative sense RNA viruses that infect a wide range of hosts, from plants and insects, to fish and mammals. The ''Rhaboviridae'' family consists of six genera, two of which, cytorhabdoviruses and nucleorhabdoviruses, only infect plants. Novirhabdoviruses infect fish, and vesiculovirus, lyssavirus and ephemerovirus infect mammals, fish and invertebrates. The family includes pathogens such as rabies virus, vesicular stomatitis virus and potato yellow dwarf virus that are of public health, veterinary, and agricultural significance. Foot-and-mouth disease virus Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a member of the Aphthovirus genus in the Picornaviridae family and is the cause of foot-and-mouth disease in pigs, cattle, sheep and goats. It is a non-enveloped, positive strand, RNA virus. FMDV i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alphaherpesvirinae
''Alphaherpesvirinae'' is a subfamily of viruses in the family ''Herpesviridae'', primarily distinguished by reproducing more quickly than other subfamilies in the ''Herpesviridae''. In animal virology the most important herpesviruses belong to the Alphaherpesvirinae. Pseudorabies virus is the causative agent of Aujeszky's disease in pigs, and '' Bovine herpesvirus 1'' is the causative agent of bovine infectious rhinotracheitis and pustular vulvovaginitis. Mammals serve as natural hosts. There are currently 45 species in this subfamily, divided among 5 genera, with one species unassigned to a genus. Diseases associated with this subfamily include: HHV-1 and HHV-2: skin vesicles or mucosal ulcers, rarely encephalitis and meningitis, HHV-3: chickenpox (varicella) and shingles, GaHV-2: Marek's disease. Genera ''Alphaherpesvirinae'' consists of the following five genera: * '' Iltovirus'' * ''Mardivirus'' * '' Scutavirus'' * '' Simplexvirus'' * '' Varicellovirus'' The species ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microtubule
Microtubules are polymers of tubulin that form part of the cytoskeleton and provide structure and shape to eukaryotic cells. Microtubules can be as long as 50 micrometres, as wide as 23 to 27 nanometer, nm and have an inner diameter between 11 and 15 nm. They are formed by the polymerization of a Protein dimer, dimer of two globular proteins, Tubulin#Eukaryotic, alpha and beta tubulin into #Structure, protofilaments that can then associate laterally to form a hollow tube, the microtubule. The most common form of a microtubule consists of 13 protofilaments in the tubular arrangement. Microtubules play an important role in a number of cellular processes. They are involved in maintaining the structure of the cell and, together with microfilaments and intermediate filaments, they form the cytoskeleton. They also make up the internal structure of cilia and flagella. They provide platforms for intracellular transport and are involved in a variety of cellular processes, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chelonid Alphaherpesvirus 6
''Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 6'' (ChHV-6) is a species of virus of uncertain generic placement in the subfamily ''Alphaherpesvirinae'', family ''Herpesviridae'', and order ''Herpesvirales ''Herpesvirales'' is an order of dsDNA viruses (Baltimore group I) with animal hosts, characterised by a common morphology consisting of an icosahedral capsid enclosed in a glycoprotein-containing lipid envelope. Common infections in humans cause ...''. References External links * Alphaherpesvirinae {{Virus-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Varicellovirus
''Varicellovirus'' (var′i-sel′ō-vi′rŭs) is a genus of viruses belonging to subfamily ''Alphaherpesvirinae'', a member of family ''Herpesviridae''. Humans and other mammals serve as natural hosts. There are 19 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: HHV-3—chickenpox (varicella) and shingles; BoHV-1—infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IPV); and SuHV-1 (also known as pseudorabies virus)— Aujesky's disease. Species The following 20 species are assigned to the genus in ICTV 2022 * '' Varicellovirus bovinealpha1'' * '' Varicellovirus bovinealpha5'' * '' Varicellovirus bubalinealpha1'' * '' Varicellovirus canidalpha1'' * '' Varicellovirus caprinealpha1'' * '' Varicellovirus cercopithecinealpha9'' * '' Varicellovirus cervidalpha1'' * '' Varicellovirus cervidalpha2'' * '' Varicellovirus cervidalpha3'' * '' Varicellovirus equidalpha1'' * '' Varicellovirus equidalpha3'' * '' Varicellovirus equidalpha4'' * Varic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simplexvirus
''Simplexvirus'' is a genus of viruses in the order ''Herpesvirales'', in the family ''Herpesviridae'', in the subfamily ''Alphaherpesvirinae''. Humans and mammals A mammal () is a vertebrate animal of the class Mammalia (). Mammals are characterised by the presence of milk-producing mammary glands for feeding their young, a broad neocortex region of the brain, fur or hair, and three middle e ... serve as natural hosts. Diseases associated with this genus include skin vesicles or mucosal ulcers, rarely encephalitis, and meningitis. Species The following 17 species are assigned to the genus in ICTV 2022: * '' Simplexvirus atelinealpha1'' * '' Simplexvirus bovinealpha2'' * '' Simplexvirus cercopithecinealpha2'' * '' Simplexvirus humanalpha1'' * '' Simplexvirus humanalpha2'' * '' Simplexvirus leporidalpha4'' * '' Simplexvirus macacinealpha1'' * '' Simplexvirus macacinealpha2'' * '' Simplexvirus macacinealpha3'' * '' Simplexvirus macropodidalpha1'' * '' Simplexvirus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scutavirus
''Scutavirus'' is a genus of viruses in the order ''Herpesvirales'', in the family ''Herpesviridae'', in the subfamily ''Alphaherpesvirinae ''Alphaherpesvirinae'' is a subfamily of viruses in the family ''Herpesviridae'', primarily distinguished by reproducing more quickly than other subfamilies in the ''Herpesviridae''. In animal virology the most important herpesviruses belong to ...''. Turtles and tortoises serve as natural hosts. Diseases associated with this genus include fibropapillomatosis. Species The genus consists of the following species: * '' Scutavirus chelonidalpha5'', also called Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 * '' Scutavirus testudinidalpha3'', also called Testudinid alphaherpesvirus 3 Structure Viruses in ''Scutavirus'' are enveloped, with icosahedral, spherical to pleomorphic, and round geometries, and T=16 symmetry. The diameter is around 150-200 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented. Life cycle Viral replication is nuclear, and is lyso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mardivirus
''Mardivirus'' is a genus of viruses in the order ''Herpesvirales'', in the family ''Herpesviridae'', in the subfamily ''Alphaherpesvirinae''. Chickens, turkeys, and quail serve as natural hosts. There are six species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: Marek's disease, which causes asymmetric paralysis of one or more limbs, neurological symptoms, and development of multiple lymphomas that manifest as solid tumors. Gallid herpesvirus 2 (also known as Marek's disease virus) is the only one of these viruses known to be pathogenic and due to the antigenic similarity between the three viruses the other two have been used to vaccinate against Marek's disease. These viruses have double stranded DNA genomes with no RNA intermediate. Species The genus consists of the following six species: * ''Mardivirus anatidalpha1'', also called Anatid alphaherpesvirus 1 * ''Mardivirus columbidalpha1'', also called Columbid alphaherpesvirus 1 * ''Mardivirus gallidalpha2'', a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GaHV-2
Marek's disease is a highly contagious viral neoplastic disease in chickens. It is named after József Marek, a Hungarian veterinarian who described it in 1907. Marek's disease is caused by an alphaherpesvirus commonly known as "Marek's disease virus" (MDV). The disease is characterized by the presence of T cell lymphoma as well as infiltration of nerves and organs by lymphocytes. Viruses related to MDV appear to be benign and can be used as vaccine strains to prevent Marek's disease. For example, the related herpesvirus found in turkeys (HVT), causes no apparent disease in the birds, and continues to be used as a vaccine strain for prevention of Marek's disease. Birds infected with MDV can be carriers and shedders of the virus for life. Newborn chicks are protected by maternal antibodies for a few weeks. After infection, microscopic lesions are present after one to two weeks, and gross lesions are present after three to four weeks. The virus is spread in dander from feather f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
