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1935 In Russia
The following lists events that happened during 1935 in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. In May 1935, the Soviets signed a treaty of mutual assistance with France and Czechoslovakia which lasted until the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact between the Soviet Union and Germany in 1939. At the Communist International's 7th Congress, held in July–August 1935, the Soviet government encouraged Marxist–Leninists to unite with other leftists as part of a popular front against fascism. Incumbents * General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union – Joseph Stalin * Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Congress of Soviets – Mikhail Kalinin * Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union – Vyacheslav Molotov Events January * 8 January – Battle of Khalkhyn Temple. March * 27 March – The Franco-Soviet Treaty of Mutual Assistance is ratified by the USSR. April * 24 April – William Christian Bullitt Jr., the United States ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1935
Events January * January 7 – Italian premier Benito Mussolini and French Foreign Minister Pierre Laval conclude an agreement, in which each power agrees not to oppose the other's colonial claims. * January 12 – Amelia Earhart becomes the first person to successfully complete a solo flight from Hawaii to California, a distance of . * January 13 – A plebiscite in the Territory of the Saar Basin shows that 90.3% of those voting wish to join Germany. * January 24 – The first canned beer is sold in Richmond, Virginia, United States, by Gottfried Krueger Brewing Company. February * February 6 – Parker Brothers begins selling the board game Monopoly in the United States. * February 13 – Richard Hauptmann is convicted and sentenced to death for the kidnapping and murder of Charles Lindbergh Jr. in the United States. * February 15 – The discovery and clinical development of Prontosil, the first broadly effective antibiotic, is published in a serie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
USSR-1
''USSR-1'' () was a Flight altitude record#Balloons, record-setting, hydrogen-filled Soviet Air Forces high-altitude balloon, high-altitude Balloon (aircraft), balloon designed to seat a crew of three and perform scientific studies of the Earth's stratosphere. On September 30, 1933, ''USSR-1'' under Georgy Prokofiev's command set an unofficial world altitude record of .Shayler, 2000, p. 20 After the crash of ''Osoaviakhim-1'' in January 1934 ''USSR-1'' was retrofitted with a gondola parachute and a new gas envelope. June 26, 1935 it flew again as ''USSR-1 Bis''. The balloon reached 16,000 meters where an accidental release of hydrogen, probably caused by a faulty valve, forced it into an unexpected descent. After expending all available ballast, two crew members bailed out on personal parachutes at low altitudes; the flight commander stayed on board and managed to perform a soft landing. Design Auguste Piccard's high-altitude flights of 1930–1932 aroused the interest of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2012
2012 was designated as: *International Year of Cooperatives *International Year of Sustainable Energy for All Events January *January 4 – The Cicada 3301 internet hunt begins. * January 12 – Peaceful protests begin in the Romanian city of Târgu Mureș, protesters expressing solidarity towards certain figures in the medical field and calling for the resignation of president Traian Băsescu. The protests would soon spread through all of the country, marking the start of a long 2012–2015 unrest in Romania, civil unrest in Romania, lasting up to 2015 Romanian protests, November 2015. * January 13 – The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia disaster, ''Costa Concordia'' runs aground off the coast of Italy, causing 32 deaths. * January 23 – Iran–European Union relations: the European Union adopts an embargo against Iran in protest of its continued effort to enrich uranium. February * February 1 – Egypt's deadliest football incident known as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leonid Shebarshin
Leonid Vladimirovich Shebarshin (; 24 March 1935 – 30 March 2012) was an intelligence officer and spy for the Soviet Union. He served in the First Chief Directorate (FCD), the foreign intelligence arm of the KGB. In January 1989, he was promoted to the head of the FCD when his former boss, Vladimir Kryuchkov, was promoted to KGB chief. Prior to that Shebarshin had served as Kryuchkov's deputy from April 1987. Early life After graduating in 1952 from high school with a silver medal, Shebarshin entered the Department of Indian Languages at the Moscow Institute of Oriental Studies. In 1954, the institute was integrated with the Moscow State Institute of International Relations, also known as MGIMO. It was there that Shebarshin continued his studies. In 1957, he married a classmate, Nina Vassilyevna Pushkina, a student of Chinese languages. Upon graduation, in October 1958, he was assigned to work at the Soviet embassy in Pakistan. In 1962, he was promoted to the post of third ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Aksyonov
Vladimir Viktorovich Aksyonov (; 1 February 1935 – 9 April 2024) was a Russian-born Soviet cosmonaut who served as the flight engineer on Soyuz 22 and Soyuz T-2. Early life Aksyonov was born on 1 February 1935 in in the Kasimovsky District to a Russian family. He became orphaned in his youth, with his father Viktor Stepanovich Zhivoglyadov being killed in action in 1944 on the Eastern Front of World War II; his mother Aleksandra Ivanovna Aksyonova worked as an accountant before she died in 1949. He was then raised by his maternal grandparents, who were well educated. That year, he became a member of the Komsomol and graduated from a rural seven-year school where he received good grades before being admitted to the Asimov Industrial College. In 1950, his family decided to send him to Kaliningrad, Moscow Oblast, to live with his aunt. He went on to attend the Mytishchi Engineering College, which he graduated from in 1953. He then attended the 10th Military Aviation School fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuri Zhuravlyov (mathematician)
Yuri Ivanovich Zhuravlyov (; 14 January 1935 – 14 January 2022) was a Soviet and Russian mathematician specializing in the algebraic theory of algorithms. His research in applied mathematics and computer science was foundational for a number of specialties within discrete mathematics, pattern recognition, and predictive analysis. Zhuravlyov was a full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the chairman of its "Applied Mathematics and Informatics" section. He was also the editor-in-chief of the international journal '' Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis''. Biography Zhuravlyov was born on 14 January 1935 in Voronezh in the former Soviet Union. In 1952, after finishing high school, he applied and was accepted into the Mathematics Department at Moscow State University. Under the direction of Alexey Lyapunov, he completed his first serious work on the minimization of partially defined boolean function In mathematics, a Boolean function is a function whose argument ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2014
The year 2014 was marked by the surge of the Western African Ebola epidemic, West African Ebola epidemic, which began in 2013, becoming the List of Ebola outbreaks, most widespread outbreak of the Ebola, Ebola virus in human history, resulting in 28,646 confirmed infections and 11,323 confirmed deaths according to the World Health Organization, who declared it a Public health emergency of international concern, Public Health Emergency in August. The virus caused major Western African Ebola epidemic#Economic effects, socioeconomic disruption in the region, primarily in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. Other notable health concerns in 2014 included a significant increase in polio cases in Pakistan. The rise of Islamic State, ISIS became a major Geopolitics, geopolitical crisis in 2014 after the group declared a global caliphate and launched devastating List of wars and battles involving the Islamic State, offensives in Northern Iraq offensive (June 2014), Iraq and 2014 Easte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valeri Kubasov
Valery Nikolaevich Kubasov (; 7 January 1935 – 19 February 2014) was a Soviet/Russian cosmonaut who flew on two missions in the Soyuz programme as a flight engineer: Soyuz 6 and Soyuz 19 (the Apollo–Soyuz mission), and commanded Soyuz 36 in the Intercosmos programme. On 21 July 1975, the Soyuz 7K-TM module used for ASTP landed in Kazakhstan at 5:51 p.m. and Kubasov was the first to exit the craft. Kubasov performed the first welding experiments in space, along with Georgy Shonin. Kubasov was also involved in the development of the Mir space station. He retired from the Russian space program in November 1993 and was later deputy director of RKK Energia. Kubasov evaded death twice during his space career. He was part of the crew that was originally intended to fly Soyuz 2, which was found to have the same faulty parachute sensor that resulted in Vladimir Komarov's death on Soyuz 1 and was later launched without a crew. Later, he was grounded for medical reasons before th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Year Tree
New Year's trees are decorated trees similar to Christmas trees that are displayed to specifically celebrate the New Year. They should not be confused with the practice of leaving up a Christmas tree until after New Year's Day (traditionally until the Epiphany (holiday), Epiphany on 6 January). New Year's trees are common in various cultures and nations, chiefly the former Soviet Union, former Yugoslavia, Albania, Turkey, China and Vietnam. Russian and Turkish traditions Russian and Turkish culture, Turkish New Year's trees are of the same varieties as those used for Christmas trees, although a spruce tree is the most usual type. The decorations are the same as for Christmas trees; however the Russian style New Year's tree is completely secular and its decorations include no religious symbols. While Russian and Turkish North Americans purchasing a tree after Christmas when prices have plummeted might enjoy notable savings, most do not wait beyond Christmas to buy their trees. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavel Postyshev
Pavel Petrovich Postyshev (; – 26 February 1939) was a Soviet politician, state and Communist Party official and party publicist. He was a member of Joseph Stalin's inner circle, before falling victim to the Great Purge. In 2010, a court in Kyiv refused to posthumously rehabilitate Postyshev, citing his complicity in "genocide" because of his part in causing the Holodomor, mass famine in Ukraine in the early 1930s. Downfall At the start of the Great Purge, Postyshev appeared to be well placed to survive and benefit from it. Defendants at the first of the Moscow Show Trials in August 1936 were made to confess to having planned to assassinate eight leading communists, including Stalin, the late Sergei Kirov, and Postyshev. But in January 1937 he was removed from his post as First Secretary of the Kyiv party organisation, while retaining his other positions. He had purged the party organisation with his normal ruthlessness, but had acquired powerful enemies who accused him ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pravda
''Pravda'' ( rus, Правда, p=ˈpravdə, a=Ru-правда.ogg, 'Truth') is a Russian broadsheet newspaper, and was the official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, when it was one of the most influential papers in the country with a newspaper circulation, circulation of 11 million. The newspaper began publication on 5 May 1912 in the Russian Empire but was already extant abroad in January 1911. It emerged as the leading government newspaper of the Soviet Union after the October Revolution. The newspaper was an organ of the Central Committee of the CPSU between 1912 and 1991. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, ''Pravda'' was sold by the then Russian president Boris Yeltsin to a Greek business family in 1992, and the paper came under the control of their private company Pravda International. In 1996, there was an internal dispute between the owners of Pravda International and some of the ''Pravda'' journalists that led to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the northeast, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, and the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south. With a Ethnicities in Iran, multi-ethnic population of over 92 million in an area of , Iran ranks 17th globally in both List of countries and dependencies by area, geographic size and List of countries and dependencies by population, population. It is the List of Asian countries by area, sixth-largest country entirely in Asia and one of the world's List of mountains in Iran, most mountainous countries. Officially an Islamic republic, Iran is divided into Regions of Iran, five regions with Provinces of Iran, 31 provinces. Tehran is the nation's Capital city, capital, List of cities in Iran by province, largest city and financial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
