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Börte Ujin
Börte Üjin (; Mongolian: ), better known as Börte (), was the first wife of Temüjin, who became Genghis Khan, the founder of the Mongol Empire. Börte became the head of the first Court of Genghis Khan, and Grand Empress of his Empire. She was betrothed to Genghis at a young age, married at seventeen, and then kidnapped by a rival tribe. Her husband's rescue of her is considered one of the key events that started him on his path to becoming a conqueror. She gave birth to four sons and five daughters, who, along with their own descendants, were the primary bloodline in the expansion of the Mongol Empire. Early life Few historical facts are known about her early life, though she is a subject of a number of Mongolian legends. What little is known is generally from ''The Secret History of the Mongols'', the oldest surviving literary work in the Mongolian language, written for the Mongol royal family some time after the death of Genghis Khan in 1227. Börte was born into th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Khatuns Of Mongolia
The following is a list of Mongol consorts. This is list of the consorts of Mongol khagans. Mongol Empire # Börte, Börte Khatun (1206–1227) # Borogchin Khatun (1228–1240) # Töregene Khatun (1240–1246) # Oghul Qaimish (1246–1251) # Qutugui Khatun (1251–1260) Yuan dynasty # Chabi (1260–1281), empress to Kublai Khan # Nambui (1283–1294), empress to Kublai Khan # Shirindari (1294–1305), empress to Temür Khan # Bulugan (1295–1307), empress to Temür Khan # Zhenge (1307–1311), empress to Külüg Khan # Radnashiri (1313–1320), empress to Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan # Sugabala (1321–1323), empress to Gegeen Khan # Babukhan Khatun (1324–1328), empress to Yesün Temür Khan # Budashiri (1328–1329), empress to Jayaatu Khan (first term) # Babusha (1329–1329), empress to Khutughtu Khan # Budashiri (1329–1332), empress to Jayaatu Khan (second term) # Daliyetemishi (1332–1332), empress to Rinchinbal Khan # Danashri (1333–1335), empress to Ukhaantu Khan # B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mongolic Languages
The Mongolic languages are a language family spoken by the Mongolic peoples in North Asia, East Asia, Central Asia, and Eastern Europe mostly in Mongolia and surrounding areas and in Kalmykia and Buryatia. The best-known member of this language family, Mongolian, is the primary language of most of the residents of Mongolia and the Mongol residents of Inner Mongolia, with an estimated 5.7+ million speakers. History The possible precursor to Mongolic is the Xianbei language, heavily influenced by the Proto-Turkic (later, the Lir-Turkic) language. The stages of historical Mongolic are: * Pre-Proto-Mongolic, from approximately the 4th century AD until the 12th century AD, influenced by Shaz-Turkic. * Proto-Mongolic, from approximately the 13th century, spoken around the time of Chinggis Khan. * Middle Mongol, from the 13th century until the early 15th century or late 16th century, depending on classification spoken. (Given the almost entire lack of written sources for th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wang Khan
Toghrul ( ''Tooril han''; ), also known as Wang Khan or Ong Khan ( ''Wan han''; ; died 1203), was a khan of the Keraites. He was the blood brother (anda) of the Mongol chief Yesugei and served as an important early patron and ally to Yesugei's son Temüjin, later known as Genghis Khan. The main source on his life is the ''Secret History of the Mongols''. Name "Wang Khan" was the name given to Toghrul by the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty of China; ''Wang'' means king or prince. During the 13th century, Toghrul was one of several Asian leaders who was identified with the legend of Prester John, but also King David, a brother to John. Although the Keraites converted to Nestorianism, a sect of Christianity, early in the 11th century there is no credible proof that Toghrul was himself Christian as Mongolian sources say nothing about his religion. Early life He was born around 1130, to Nestorian family of Keraites. His father was Cyriacus Buyruk Khan, the leader of Keraites. Toghrul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kherlen River
Kherlen River (also known as Kerülen; ; ) is a 1,254 km river in Mongolia and China. It is also one of the two longest rivers in Mongolia, along with the Orkhon River. Course The river originates in the south slopes of the Khentii mountains, near the Burkhan Khaldun mountain in the Khan Khentii Strictly Protected Area, about northeast of Ulaanbaatar. This area constitutes the divide between the Arctic ( Tuul River) and Pacific (Kherlen, Onon) basins and is consequently named "Three River Basins". From there the Kherlen flows in a mostly eastern direction through the Khentii ''aimag''. Further downriver, it crosses the eastern Mongolian steppe past Ulaan Ereg and Choibalsan, entering China at and emptying into Hulun Nuur after another . The mean streamflow of Kherlen River has decreased by more than a half from 2000 to 2008 when compared with prior decades. Kherlen-Ergune-Amur In years with high precipitation, the normally exitless Hulun Lake may overflow at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Temüge
Temüge (c. 1168–1246) was the youngest brother of Genghis Khan, fourth son of Yesugei. Early life ''The Secret History of the Mongols'' states that "when Temujin was 9 years of age, Temuge was three years old." As the youngest son, he received a prefix to the name "otchigin" (diminutive form of "отгон" or “otgon” meaning "junior", Also Ot (Fire) Tegin (Junior member of Khan family) as old Turkic), who in the family is always a "guardian of the family and home", and therefore is often referred to as Temuge-otchigin or simply Otchigin. In childhood and adolescence was somewhat spoiled by his mother and older brothers, inclined to luxury, but was "courageous, powerful and quick in battle" that was recognized even by the family's enemies. When the shaman Kokochu (Teb-Tengri) started dragging the power over the Mongols to his own family, Genghis Khan sanctioned Temuge to kill Kokochu in an orchestrated wrestling match. Interim ruler As the youngest male offspring, Tem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hö'elün
Hö'elün ( Mongolian: , , ; ) was a noblewoman of the Mongol Empire and the mother of Temüjin, better known as Genghis Khan. She played a major role in his rise to power, as described in the '' Secret History of the Mongols''. Born into the Olkhonud clan of the Onggirat tribe, Hö'elün was originally married to Chiledu, a Merkit aristocrat; she was captured shortly after her wedding by Yesügei, an important member of the Mongols, who abducted her to be his primary wife. She and Yesügei had four sons and one daughter: Temüjin, Qasar, Hachiun, Temüge, and Temülen. After Yesügei was fatally poisoned and the Mongols abandoned her family, Hö'elün shepherded all her children through poverty to adulthood—her resilience and organisational skills have been remarked upon by historians. She continued to play an important role after Temüjin's marriage to Börte—together, the two women managed his camp and provided him with advice. Hö'elün married Münglig, an o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orkhon River
The Orkhon River ( ) is the longest river in Mongolia. It rises in the Khangai Mountains in the Tsenkher, Tsenkher sum of Arkhangai Province, Arkhangai Provinces of Mongolia, aimag at the foot of the Suvraga Khairkhan mountain. From there, it crosses the border into Övörkhangai Province, Övörkhangai aimag and follows the upper Orkhon valley in an eastern direction until it reaches Kharkhorin. On this stretch, very close to the Orkhon, the Ulaan Tsutgalan river features a Ulaan Tsutgalan Waterfall, waterfall, wide and high, which is a popular destination for tourists. From Kharkhorin it flows northwards until it reaches Bulgan Province, Bulgan aimag, and then north-east to join the Selenga, Selenge River next to Sükhbaatar (city), Sükhbaatar city in Selenge Province, Selenge aimag, close to the Russian border. The Selenge then flows further north into Russia and Lake Baikal. With , the Orkhon is longer than the Selenge, making it the longest river in Mongolia. Major t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Selenga
The Selenga ( ) or Selenge is a major river in Mongolia and Buryatia, Russia. Originating from its headwater tributaries, the Ider and the Delger mörön, it flows for before draining into Lake Baikal. The Selenga therefore makes up the most distant headwaters of the Yenisey- Angara river system. Carrying of water into Lake Baikal, it makes up almost half of the riverine inflow into the lake, and forms a wide delta of when it reaches the lake. Periodic annual floods are a feature of the Selenga River. The floods can be classified as “ordinary”, “large” or “catastrophic” based on the degree of impact. Of the twenty-six documented floods that occurred between 1730 and 1900, three were “catastrophic”. The three “catastrophic” floods were the floods of 1830, 1869 and 1897. The Selenga River basin is a semi-arid region that is in area. It is part of the Arctic Ocean Basin and is located in northern Mongolia. Stone implement artifacts found on the Selenga Ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merkit
The Merkit (; ; ) was one of the five major tribal confederations of Mongol Jeffrey Tayler. Murderers in Mausoleums: Riding the Back Roads of Empire Between Moscow and Beijing. — Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2009. — p. 1. — .Bertold Spuler. The Muslim world: a historical survey. — Brill Archive, 1969. — p. 118. /ref> [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tatars
Tatars ( )Tatar in the Collins English Dictionary are a group of Turkic peoples across Eastern Europe and Northern Asia who bear the name "Tatar (term), Tatar". Initially, the ethnonym ''Tatar'' possibly referred to the Tatar confederation. That confederation was eventually incorporated into the Mongol Empire when Genghis Khan unified the various steppe tribes. Historically, the term ''Tatars'' (or ''Tartars'') was Endonym and exonym, applied to anyone originating from the vast North Asia, Northern and Central Asian landmass then known as Tartary, a term which was also conflated with the Mongol Empire itself. More recently, however, the term has come to refer more narrowly to related ethnic groups who refer to themselves as ''Tatars'' or who speak languages that are commonly referr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Temüjin
Genghis Khan (born Temüjin; August 1227), also known as Chinggis Khan, was the founder and first khan of the Mongol Empire. After spending most of his life uniting the Mongol tribes, he launched a series of military campaigns, conquering large parts of China and Central Asia. Born between 1155 and 1167 and given the name Temüjin, he was the eldest child of Yesugei, a Mongol chieftain of the Borjigin clan, and his wife Hö'elün. When Temüjin was eight, his father died and his family was abandoned by its tribe. Reduced to near-poverty, Temüjin killed his older half-brother to secure his familial position. His charismatic personality helped to attract his first followers and to form alliances with two prominent steppe leaders named Jamukha and Toghrul; they worked together to retrieve Temüjin's newlywed wife Börte, who had been kidnapped by raiders. As his reputation grew, his relationship with Jamukha deteriorated into open warfare. Temüjin was badly defeated i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
