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Byron Gunner
Rev. Byron Gunner (1857–1922) was an American minister, educator, newspaper publisher, and civil rights activist. He was one of the seventeen African-American founders of the Niagara Movement, representing Rhode Island. Early life and education Byron Gunner was born on July 4, 1857, in Marion, Alabama, to parents Caroline (née Jackson) and Joseph Gunner, a carpenter. Gunner was educated in American Missionary Association schools in Marion. He graduated in 1880 in theology from Talladega College, a private historically black college. He also studied at Oberlin College. Career He worked as a teacher in Paris, Texas, from 1880 until 1884 through the American Missionary Association after graduation, a Protestant-based abolitionist group from Albany, New York. During this time he also published the ''People's Informer'' newspaper. In 1884, Gunner was ordained a minister in New Orleans, followed by five years as a pastor at St. Paul Congregational Church (now known as Church o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marion, Alabama
Marion is a city in, and the county seat of, Perry County, Alabama, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population of the city is 3,686, up 4.8% over 2000. First known as Muckle Ridge, the city was renamed for a hero of the American Revolution, Francis Marion. Two colleges, Judson College and Marion Military Institute, are located in Marion. This is noted in the city's welcome sign referring to Marion as "The College City". Of the 573 cities in Alabama, Marion is the 152nd most populous. History Early history Formerly the territory of the Creek Indians, Marion was founded shortly after 1819 as Muckle Ridge. In 1822 the city was renamed in honor of Francis Marion, the "Swamp Fox," hero of the American Revolutionary War. Marion incorporated as a town the same year and later became Perry County's second county seat as the hamlet of Perry Ridge was deemed unsuitable. In 1829 it upgraded from a town to a city. The old City Hall (1832) is but one of many antebellum public bu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jim Crow Laws
The Jim Crow laws were state and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States. Other areas of the United States were affected by formal and informal policies of segregation as well, but many states outside the South had adopted laws, beginning in the late 19th century, banning discrimination in public accommodations and voting. Southern laws were enacted in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by white Southern Democrat-dominated state legislatures to disenfranchise and remove political and economic gains made by African Americans during the Reconstruction era. Jim Crow laws were enforced until 1965. In practice, Jim Crow laws mandated racial segregation in all public facilities in the states of the former Confederate States of America and in some others, beginning in the 1870s. Jim Crow laws were upheld in 1896 in the case of ''Plessy vs. Ferguson'', in which the Supreme Court laid out its " separate but equal" legal doctrine concerning facilit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
African-American Christian Clergy
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an Race and ethnicity in the United States, ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of Slavery in the United States, enslaved Africans who are from the United States. While some Black immigrants or their children may also come to identify as African-American, the majority of first generation immigrants do not, preferring to identify with their nation of origin. African Americans constitute the second largest racial group in the U.S. after White Americans, as well as the third largest ethnic group after Hispanic and Latino Americans. Most African Americans are descendants of enslaved people within the boundaries of the present United States. On average, African Americans are of West Africa, West/Central Africa, Central African with some European descent; some also have Native Americans in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Talladega College Alumni
Talladega may refer to: *Talladega, Alabama, a city in northern Alabama, USA *Talladega County, Alabama, which has the city of Talladega as its seat *Talladega National Forest in Alabama *Battle of Talladega, fought between the Tennessee militia and the Red Stick Creek Indians during the Creek War *Talladega Superspeedway, a motorsports complex in Talladega, Alabama *Saab 900 Talladega, a 1997 sport-styled limited edition of the Saab 900 (NG), to commemorate the records achieved at the Talladega Superspeedway with that model the year before *Ford Torino Talladega, a 1969 automobile produced by the Ford Motor Company, named after the racetrack *'' Talladega Nights: The Ballad of Ricky Bobby'', a 2006 American comedy film about NASCAR racing *Talladega College, a liberal arts college in Talladega, Alabama * USS ''Talladega'' (APA-208), a ''Haskell''-class attack transport ship of the United States Navy *Richard Petty's Talladega ''Richard Petty's Talladega'' (later reissued simply as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From Marion, Alabama
A person ( : people) is a being that has certain capacities or attributes such as reason, morality, consciousness or self-consciousness, and being a part of a culturally established form of social relations such as kinship, ownership of property, or legal responsibility. The defining features of personhood and, consequently, what makes a person count as a person, differ widely among cultures and contexts. In addition to the question of personhood, of what makes a being count as a person to begin with, there are further questions about personal identity and self: both about what makes any particular person that particular person instead of another, and about what makes a person at one time the same person as they were or will be at another time despite any intervening changes. The plural form " people" is often used to refer to an entire nation or ethnic group (as in "a people"), and this was the original meaning of the word; it subsequently acquired its use as a plural f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1922 Deaths
Nineteen or 19 may refer to: * 19 (number), the natural number following 18 and preceding 20 * one of the years 19 BC, AD 19, 1919, 2019 Films * ''19'' (film), a 2001 Japanese film * ''Nineteen'' (film), a 1987 science fiction film Music * 19 (band), a Japanese pop music duo Albums * ''19'' (Adele album), 2008 * ''19'', a 2003 album by Alsou * ''19'', a 2006 album by Evan Yo * ''19'', a 2018 album by MHD * ''19'', one half of the double album '' 63/19'' by Kool A.D. * '' Number Nineteen'', a 1971 album by American jazz pianist Mal Waldron * ''XIX'' (EP), a 2019 EP by 1the9 Songs * "19" (song), a 1985 song by British musician Paul Hardcastle. * "Nineteen", a song by Bad4Good from the 1992 album ''Refugee'' * "Nineteen", a song by Karma to Burn from the 2001 album ''Almost Heathen''. * "Nineteen" (song), a 2007 song by American singer Billy Ray Cyrus. * "Nineteen", a song by Tegan and Sara from the 2007 album '' The Con''. * "XIX" (song), a 2014 song by Slip ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1857 Births
Events January–March * January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, '' Postimees'', is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. * January 7 – The partly French-owned London General Omnibus Company begins operating. * January 9 – The 7.9 Fort Tejon earthquake shakes Central and Southern California, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (''Violent''). * January 24 – The University of Calcutta is established in Calcutta, as the first multidisciplinary modern university in South Asia. The University of Bombay is also established in Bombay, British India, this year. * February 3 – The National Deaf Mute College (later renamed Gallaudet University) is established in Washington, D.C., becoming the first school for the advanced education of the deaf. * February 5 – The Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States is promulgated. * March – The Austrian garrison leaves Bucharest. * March 3 ** France and the United ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Woodrow Wilson Presidential Library
The Woodrow Wilson Presidential Library and Museum is a complex located in Staunton, Virginia. It contains the President's birthplace, known as the Manse, a Museum that explores the life and times of Woodrow Wilson (1856–1924), a Research Library, a gift shop, and several other buildings that are not open to the public. Like all United States presidential libraries for administrations prior to that of Herbert Hoover, Wilson's is not part of the Federal National Archives' presidential library system. The Birthplace Manse The Woodrow Wilson Birthplace is referred to as the Manse, which is the name of a Presbyterian minister's home. It was built in 1846 by the Staunton First Presbyterian Church. It has 12 rooms with 12 fireplaces and cost around $4,000 to build. The Wilson family moved into the house in 1855 as his father was ordained as a Presbyterian pastor and called to serve as a pastor in Staunton. At that time the family consisted of his parents—Jessie Woodrow Wilson ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Newspapers
A newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background. Newspapers can cover a wide variety of fields such as politics, business, sports and art, and often include materials such as opinion columns, weather forecasts, reviews of local services, obituaries, birth notices, crosswords, editorial cartoons, comic strips, and advice columns. Most newspapers are businesses, and they pay their expenses with a mixture of subscription revenue, newsstand sales, and advertising revenue. The journalism organizations that publish newspapers are themselves often metonymically called newspapers. Newspapers have traditionally been published in print (usually on cheap, low-grade paper called newsprint). However, today most newspapers are also published on websites as online newspapers, and some have even abandoned their print versions entirely. Newspapers developed in the 17 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Equal Rights League
The National Equal Rights League (NERL) is the oldest nationwide human rights organization in the United States. It was founded in Syracuse, New York in 1864 dedicated to the liberation of black people in the United States. Its origins can be traced back to the emancipation of slaves in the British West Indies in 1833. The league emphasized moral reform and self-help, aiming "to encourage sound morality, education, temperance, frugality, industry, and promote everything that pertains to a well-ordered and dignified life." Black leaders formed state and local branches of the league which drew many members, which caused the society to grow quickly, in areas such as Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, where people such as Thomas Morris Chester joined. Organizational history Origins As a result of the 1833 British West Indies emancipation, a large celebration of pro-abolitionist free black men was held in Buffalo, New York. During this celebration, planning began for the creation of a w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hillburn, New York
Hillburn, originally called "Woodburn" and incorporated in 1893, is a village in the town of Ramapo, Rockland County, New York, United States. It is located north of Suffern, east of Orange County, south of Viola, and west of Montebello. It is considered to be one of the more rural communities in Rockland County. The population was 951 at the 2010 census. History In addition to later European-American migrants, the area was settled early by descendants of Lenape and other remnant groups, who eventually intermarried with Afro-Dutch and other ethnicities after the Revolutionary War. These multiracial descendants were recognized in 1980 by the state as the Ramapough Mountain Indians; they also have centers of population in Mahwah and Ringwood, New Jersey, which were areas of frontier in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. For many years they lived by farming, hunting and fishing. They tended to marry within their community until the mid-twentieth century. The vi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brook Chapel
Brook Chapel is a historic chapel located at Hillburn in Rockland County, New York, USA. It was built in 1893 and is a light frame L-shaped, gable-roofed structure expanded to its current size in the first half of the 20th century. At the time of the expansion, it acquired its Gothic Revival style. ''Note:'' This includes an''Accompanying eight photographs''/ref> It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010. From 1907 until 1920, Rev. Byron Gunner served as the church pastor; and his wife Cicely Savery Gunner was involved with the Brook Chapel Sunday School and the Brook School. See also * Main School (Hillburn, New York) * National Register of Historic Places listings in Rockland County, New York List of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Rockland County, New York This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Rockland County, New York. The lo ... Refe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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