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Buthaina Shaaban
Bouthaina Shaaban (; born 1953) is a Syrian politician who served as political and media adviser to the presidency under Bashar al-Assad until his overthrow in 2024. Shaaban had also previously served as the first Minister of Expatriates for the Syrian Arab Republic, between 2002 and 2008, and was described as the Syrian government's face to the outside world at the time. Life and education Shaaban was born in 1953 to an Alawite family in Masudiyah, Homs. She has been a member of the Syrian Regional Branch of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party since the age of 16. She was educated in Britain and obtained her Ph.D. in English literature from the University of Warwick. Shaaban is married to Iraqi Dr. Khalil Jawad. The couple have two daughters and a son.Official Website , Bouthaia Shaaban. Career Shaaban worked first ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syrian President
The president of Syria (), officially the president of the Syrian Arab Republic, is the head of state and head of government of Syria. The president directs the executive branch and serves as the commander-in-chief of the Syrian Army and Armed Forces. The president represents the nation in international relations and formalizes treaties with foreign countries. In 1922, French authorities created the Syrian Federation under the Mandate for Syria and Lebanon, with Subhi Barakat serving as its president. The federation was short-lived and was replaced by the State of Syria in 1925. Barakat briefly remained president until the outbreak of the Great Syrian Revolt later that year, which led to his resignation. He was succeeded by Ahmad Nami, who served as president until his removal in 1928. In the following years, the Syrian presidency underwent several changes in leadership, including a coup by Husni al-Za'im in March 1949, followed by another led by Adib Shishakli in 1951. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rafiq Hariri
Rafic Bahaa El Deen al-Hariri (; 1 November 1944 – 14 February 2005) was a Lebanese businessman and politician who served as prime minister of Lebanon from 1992 to 1998 and again from 2000 to 2004. Hariri headed five cabinets during his tenure. He was widely credited for his role in constructing the Taif Agreement that ended the 15-year Lebanese Civil War. He also played a huge role in reconstructing the Lebanese capital, Beirut. He was the first post-civil war prime minister and the most influential and wealthiest Lebanese politician at the time. During Hariri's first term as prime minister, tensions between Israel and Lebanon increased, as a result of the Qana massacre. In 2000, during his second premiership, his biggest achievement was the Israeli withdrawal from Southern Lebanon, ending an 18-year old occupation, while his government solidified relations with Ba'athist Syria. On 14 February 2005, Hariri was assassinated in a suicide truck bomb explosion in Beirut. Four ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Assad Family
The Assad family ruled Syria from 1971, when Hafez al-Assad became President of Syria, president under the Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction), Ba'ath Party following the Corrective Movement (Syria), 1970 coup, until Bashar al-Assad was Fall of the Assad regime, ousted on 8 December 2024. Bashar succeeded his father, Hafez al-Assad, after Death and state funeral of Hafez al-Assad, Hafez's death in 2000. The Assads are from Qardaha, Latakia Governorate. They attributed themselves to the Kalbiyya tribe. In 1927, Ali Sulayman al-Assad, Ali Sulayman arrived as an immigrant originally Kaka'i (Yarsanism) from Iran and changed his last name from ''al-Wahsh'', Arabic for 'the savage', to ''al-Assad'', 'the lion', possibly in connection with his social standing as a local mediator and his political activities. All members of the extended Assad family stem from Ali Sulayman and his second wife, Naissa, who came from a village in the Syrian Coastal Mountain Range, Syrian Coastal Mount ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fall Of Damascus (2024)
On 7 December 2024, the Syrian opposition group known as the Southern Operations Room, in co-ordination with the Military Operations Command, led forces that entered the Rif Dimashq region of Syria from the south, and those forces then came within of the capital Damascus. The Syrian Army withdrew from multiple points in the outskirts. Concurrently with the advance towards Damascus, opposition militia Tahrir al-Sham and the Turkish-backed Syrian National Army in the north launched an offensive into Homs, while the Syrian Free Army advanced into the capital from the southeast. By 8 December 2024, rebel forces entered the city's Barzeh neighborhood. According to official state reports in Russian mass media and media footage, President Bashar al-Assad left Damascus by air to Moscow, where he was granted asylum, sealing the fall of his regime. Background By late 2018, Syrian opposition rebel groups were forced into Idlib Governorate, the last rebel-held governorate of Syri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syria Direct
Syria Direct or Syria:direct (), founded in 2013, is an independent news organization based in Berlin, Germany, that provides news coverage on Syria's war and politics, and trains journalists. It was originally funded in Amman, Jordan by an American organization, the Global Peace and Development (GPD) Charitable Trust, as well as by the US State Department and several embassies in Amman.‘I wanted to show the truth’: Syria Direct trainees reflect as 10th cohort of journalists graduates 2018-04-16. Online news ''Syria Direct'' is published in English and Arabic. The articles are for readers who are already knowledgeable abou ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caesar Syria Civilian Protection Act
The Caesar Syria Civilian Protection Act of 2019, also known as the Caesar Act, is United States legislation that sanctions the former Syrian government, including the former Syrian president Bashar al-Assad, for war crimes against the Syrian population. The Act was signed into law by President Trump in December 2019, and came into force on June 17, 2020. A number of Syrian operated industries, including those related to infrastructure, military maintenance and energy production, are targeted. The act also targets individuals and businesses who provide funding or assistance to the former president of Syria. Iranian and Russian entities are addressed for their governments' support of Assad in the Syrian Civil War. The legislation imposes fresh sanctions on entities conducting business with the Syrian government and its military and intelligence agencies. It also aims to encourage negotiations by allowing the President of the United States to waive sanctions if the parties are e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The National (Abu Dhabi)
''The National'' is a UAE state-owned English-language daily newspaper published in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. According to the ''Financial Times'', the newspaper "is seen as a mouthpiece for Abu Dhabi's worldview." The newspaper toes the government line and self-censors on issues considered objectionable by the government. The newspaper is owned by Sheikh Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Vice President of the United Arab Emirates, which is ruled by his brother, Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Mohammed bin Zayed al-Nahyan. History and profile ''The National'' was first published on 17 April 2008 by Abu Dhabi Media. The government-owned media company ran the newspaper along with other publications, including ''Al-Ittihad (Emirati newspaper), Al-Ittihad'', ''Majid (comics), Majid'', ''Zahrat Al Khaleej'' and ''National Geographic Al Arabiya'' (in partnership with ''National Geographic''). In 2016, ''The National'' was acquired by International Media Investments, a subsidiary of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Syrian Pound
The Syrian pound or lira (; abbreviation: LS or SP in Latin alphabet, Latin, ل.س in Arabic script, Arabic, historically also Pound sign, £S, and £Syr; ISO 4217, ISO code: SYP) is the currency of Syria. It is issued by the Central Bank of Syria. The pound is nominally divided into 100 piastres ( ''qirsh,'' plural قروش ''qurūsh'' in Arabic language, Arabic, abbreviated to ), although piastre coins are no longer issued. Before 1947, the Arabic inscription of the word "qirsh" was spelled with the initial Arabic letter غ, after which the word began with ق. Until 1958, banknotes were issued with Arabic on the obverse and French on the reverse. Since 1958, English has been used on the reverses, hence the three different names for this currency. Coins used both Arabic and French until independence, then only Arabic. History French mandate During the period when Syria was a part of the Ottoman Empire, which lasted about 400 years, the Ottoman lira, Ottoman pound was i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assef Shawkat
Assef Shawkat (; 15 January 1950 – 18 July 2012) was a Syrian military officer and intelligence chief who was the Deputy Minister of Defense of Syria from September 2011 until his death in July 2012. He was the brother-in-law of former Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, having married his older sister Bushra. He and three other top Syrian government officials were killed on 18 July 2012 in Damascus during a deadly bomb attack allegedly organized by the Free Syrian Army, a coalition of Syrian opposition rebel groups. Shawkat was a key suspect in a terrorist attack in Beirut that killed Lebanese Prime Minister Rafic Hariri on 14 February 2005. US Department of Treasury had sanctioned Shawkat in 2006 for orchestrating the assassination, describing him as "a key architect" of Syrian occupation of Lebanon. Early life and education Assef Shawkat was born into a Sunni family in the village of Al-Madehleh, a predominantly alawite villige, in the Tartus Governorate of Syria on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bushra Al-Assad
Bushra al-Assad (; born 24 October 1960) is the first child and only daughter of Hafez al-Assad, who was the president of Syria from 1971 to 2000. She is the sister of former Syrian President Bashar al-Assad. She is the widow of Assef Shawkat, the deputy chief of staff of the Syrian Armed Forces and former head of the Syrian Military Intelligence, who was killed in the 18 July 2012 Damascus bombing, responsibility for which was claimed by a coalition of Syrian opposition rebel groups. As a result of the Syrian Civil War, in March 2012 she was placed on a list of Syrian government figures who were subject to European Union economic sanctions and travel bans. On 28 September 2012, it was reported that Bushra al-Assad had fled from Syria with her five children to seek refuge in the United Arab Emirates. In January 2013, Bushra al-Assad was joined by her mother Anisa Makhlouf in Dubai. Biography Bushra is reported to have enjoyed a close relationship with her father Hafez al-Assad a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ba'athist Syria
Ba'athist Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic (SAR), was the Syrian state between 1963 and 2024 under the One-party state, one-party rule of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region, Syrian regional branch of the Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction), Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party. From 1971 until its collapse in 2024, it was ruled by the Assad family, and was therefore commonly referred to as the Assad regime. The regime emerged in 1963 as a result of 1963 Syrian coup d'état, a coup d'état led by Alawites, Alawite Ba'athism, Ba'athist military officers. Another 1966 Syrian coup d'état, coup in 1966 led to Salah Jadid becoming the country's de facto leader while Nureddin al-Atassi assumed the presidency. In 1970, Jadid and al-Atassi were overthrown by Hafez al-Assad in the Corrective Movement (Syria), Corrective Movement. The next year, Assad became president after winning 1971 Syrian presidential election, sham elections. After assuming power, Assad reorganised ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
