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British Fascists
The British Fascists (originally called the British Fascisti) were the first political organisation in the United Kingdom to claim the label of fascism, formed in 1923. The group had lacked much ideological unity apart from anti-socialism for most of its existence, and was strongly associated with British conservatism. William Joyce, Neil Francis Hawkins, Maxwell Knight and Arnold Leese were amongst those to have passed through the movement as members and activists. Structure and membership The organisation was formed on 6 May 1923 by Rotha Lintorn-Orman in the aftermath of Benito Mussolini's March on Rome, and originally operated under the Italian-sounding name British Fascisti. Despite its name, the group had a poorly defined ideological basis at its beginning, being brought into being more by a fear of left-wing politics than a devotion to fascism. The ideals of the Boy Scout movement, with which many early members had also been involved in their younger days, also play ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The UK includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and most of List of islands of the United Kingdom, the smaller islands within the British Isles, covering . Northern Ireland shares Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border, a land border with the Republic of Ireland; otherwise, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel, the Celtic Sea and the Irish Sea. It maintains sovereignty over the British Overseas Territories, which are located across various oceans and seas globally. The UK had an estimated population of over 68.2 million people in 2023. The capital and largest city of both England and the UK is London. The cities o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of British Fascist Political Groups
History is the systematic study of the past, focusing primarily on the Human history, human past. As an academic discipline, it analyses and interprets evidence to construct narratives about what happened and explain why it happened. Some theorists categorize history as a social science, while others see it as part of the humanities or consider it a hybrid discipline. Similar debates surround the purpose of history—for example, whether its main aim is theoretical, to uncover the truth, or practical, to learn lessons from the past. In a more general sense, the term ''history'' refers not to an academic field but to the past itself, times in the past, or to individual texts about the past. Historical research relies on Primary source, primary and secondary sources to reconstruct past events and validate interpretations. Source criticism is used to evaluate these sources, assessing their authenticity, content, and reliability. Historians strive to integrate the perspectives o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Russell, 26th Baron De Clifford
Lieutenant Colonel Edward Southwell Russell, 26th Baron de Clifford, (31 January 1907 – 3 January 1982), was the only son of Jack Southwell Russell, 25th Baron de Clifford, and Eva Carrington. In 1935 he became the last peer to be tried in the House of Lords for a felony, manslaughter, the result of a car accident. He was found not guilty. He lost his father to a road accident; in his maiden speech in 1928 in the House of Lords he called for mandatory driving tests. Later he spoke in favour of speed limits, both of which measures were introduced in 1934. He was one of four peers to have at times before 1945 supported Sir Oswald Mosley and his British Union of Fascists. Early life Russell was born in Belgravia, London, educated at Eton College and studied engineering at Imperial College London. In 1926 he was commissioned into the 21st (Royal Gloucestershire Hussars) Armoured Car Company of the Territorial Army; he was promoted lieutenant in 1929 and captain in 1938. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lord Ernest Hamilton
Lord Ernest William Hamilton (5 September 1858 – 14 December 1939) was a British aristocrat, soldier, author, and Conservative Party (UK), Conservative politician who sat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons from 1885 to 1892. Early life and family Hamilton was born at Chancellor House, Tunbridge Wells, the seventh son of James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Abercorn, and his wife, Louisa Jane Hamilton, 1st Duchess of Abercorn, Lady Louisa Jane Russell. He was educated at Harrow School and Royal Military College, Sandhurst. He became a Captain (British Army and Royal Marines), captain in the 11th Hussars. His elder brothers James Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Abercorn, James, Marquess of Hamilton; Lord George Hamilton, Lord Claud Hamilton (1843–1925), Lord Claud Hamilton, and Lord Frederick Hamilton were also Conservative MPs. All seven of his sisters married into the peerage, including Louisa Montagu Douglas Scott, Duchess of Buccleuch, Louisa, Duchess of Buccle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Brudenell-Bruce, 6th Marquess Of Ailesbury
George William James Chandos Brudenell-Bruce, 6th Marquess of Ailesbury, (21 May 1873 – 4 August 1961), styled Earl of Cardigan between 1894 and 1911, was a British peer and an officer of the auxiliary forces. According to his hand-written memoirs, he went by the name Chandos. Background and education Brudenell-Bruce was the son of Henry Brudenell-Bruce, 5th Marquess of Ailesbury and Georgiana Sophia Maria Pinckney. He was educated at Westminster School. He succeeded his father in the marquessate on the latter's death on 10 March 1911. Career Lord Ailesbury served in the 3rd (Highland Borderers Militia) Battalion, Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders; the Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry; the Middlesex Yeomanry; the Wiltshire Regiment; and the Royal Field Artillery Lord Cardigan was promoted to the rank of captain in the Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry on 3 September 1898, supernumerary to the establishment.''Monthly Army List''. He fought with the regiment in the Second Boer War, for which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patrick Boyle, 8th Earl Of Glasgow
Patrick James Boyle, 8th Earl of Glasgow (18 June 1874 – 14 December 1963), was a Scottish nobleman and a far right political activist, involved with fascist parties and groups. Royal Navy Boyle was trained for a naval career at the cadet ship HMS ''Britannia'' and graduated as a Royal Navy Lieutenant on 22 June 1897. He was Flag Lieutenant to Rear Admiral Edmund Jeffreys, Senior Naval Officer, Coast of Ireland Station, serving on his flagship which was port guard ship at Queenstown. They transferred to in October 1901, when that vessel relieved the ''Howe''. He was promoted to Commander on 31 December 1908, and eventually obtained the rank of Captain before retiring in 1919. He saw action during the First World War, commanding , and was awarded the Distinguished Service Order in 1915. Following his retirement from active duty he was admitted to the ceremonial role of Lieutenant of the Royal Company of Archers. Right-wing politics Boyle was noted for his extremist views an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aristocracy
Aristocracy (; ) is a form of government that places power in the hands of a small, privileged ruling class, the aristocracy (class), aristocrats. Across Europe, the aristocracy exercised immense Economy, economic, Politics, political, and social influence. In Western Christian countries, the aristocracy was mostly equal with magnates, also known as the titled or higher nobility, however the members of the more numerous social class, the untitled lower nobility (petty nobility or gentry) were not part of the aristocracy. Classical aristocracy In ancient Greece, the Greeks conceived aristocracy as rule by the best-qualified citizens—and often contrasted it favorably with monarchy, rule by an individual. The term was first used by such ancient Greeks as Aristotle and Plato, who used it to describe a system where only the best of the citizens, chosen through a careful process of selection, would become rulers, and hereditary monarchy, hereditary rule would actually have been f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nesta Webster
Nesta Helen Webster (née Bevan, 24 August 1876 – 16 May 1960) was an English author who revived conspiracy theories about the Illuminati.Who are the Illuminati? ''Independent on Sunday'' (London) 6 November 2005. She claimed that the secret society's members were occultists, plotting communist world domination, through a Jewish cabal, the Masons and Jesuits. She blamed the group for events including the French Revolution, 1848 Revolution, the First World War, and the Bolshevik Revolution. Her writing influenced later conspiracy theories and ideologies, including American anti-communism (particularly the John Birch Society) and the militia movement. In 1920, Webster became a contributor to '' The Jewish Peril'', a series of articles in the London ''Morning Post'' centred on the forged document ''The Protocols of the Elders of Zion''. These articles were compiled and published in the same year in book form under the title of '' The Cause of World Unrest''. Webster claimed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empire Day
Commonwealth Day is the annual celebration of the Commonwealth of Nations, held on the second Monday in March. While the date holds some official status in select Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations, member states of the Commonwealth, observances of the date are not uniform, and the date is not celebrated as a public holiday in most Commonwealth countries. The event traces its origins to Empire Day, an event initially conceived to celebrate the British Empire. It was originally observed on Queen Victoria's birthdate, May 24th, or the last weekday before it. In the latter half of the 20th century, the celebration's focus shifted towards emphasising the modern Commonwealth of Nations, with the event being renamed ''Commonwealth Day'' in 1958, and its date moved to the second Monday in March in 1977. Commonwealth Day is typically marked by a Commonwealth Day message made by the Head of the Commonwealth, as well as additional statements from the Commonwealth Secretary-G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Middle Class Union
The Middle Classes Union was founded in February 1919 to safeguard property after the Reform Act 1918 had increased the number of working-class people eligible to vote. Sir George Ranken Askwith and Conservative MP and Irish landowner J. R. Pretyman Newman were both members. Development Lord Robert Cecil described the MCU as a strike-breaking body designed to encourage "the smaller trading, propertied and professional classes oband themselves together to protect their interests ... and secure their property ... from revolution and extreme Labour demands". The group saw the middle classes being squeezed by not only a growing labour movement but also by a government that was taking on an increasing role in economic life and banded together with the aim of protecting middle-class interests against both potential enemies. Its main pre-occupation was its opposition to socialism and in particular strike action, although it also became associated with the policies of eugenics and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Empire Union
The British Empire Union (BEU) was created in the United Kingdom during the First World War, in 1916, after changing its name from the Anti-German Union, which had been founded in April 1915. From December 1922 to summer 1952, it published a regular journal. It stood for patriotism, social reform, industrial peace, promotion of the Empire and anti-socialism. On 28 July 1916 the Vice-Presidents of the BEU, Lord and Lady Bathurst, subscribed to a full-page advertisement in ''The Morning Post'' stating their objectives: 1. To consolidate the British Empire and to develop Trade and Commerce within the Empire and with our Allies.2. To alter our existing naturalisation laws to render it impossible for aliens seeking naturalisation to become British citizens so long as they remain subjects of other countries. This is to apply to existing cases.3. To pursue an Educational propaganda throughout the country in furtherance of the policies that have been expounded by Mr. W. M. Hughes rime ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boy Scout
A Scout, Boy Scout, Girl Scout or, in some countries, a Pathfinder is a participant in the Scout Movement, usually aged 10–18 years, who engage in learning scoutcraft and outdoor and other special interest activities. Some Scout organizations have split this wide age group development span into junior and senior programs. Scouts are often organized into patrols of about 6–8 Scouts under a patrol leader with a number of patrols forming a larger troop under the guidance of one or more adult leaders or Scoutmasters. Many troops are affiliated with local, national and international organizations. Some Scout organizations have special interest programs such as Air Scouts, Sea Scouts, high adventure, Scout bands, mounted scouts and cyclist Scouts. In the United States there were around 6 million scouts in 2011. Foundation At the beginning of the twentieth century, there was popular interest in frontier and military scouts. Boys and girls emulated these scouts in dress ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
