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Bris
The ''brit milah'' (, , ; "Covenant (religion), covenant of circumcision") or ''bris'' (, ) is Religion and circumcision, the ceremony of circumcision in Judaism and Samaritanism, during which the foreskin is surgically removed. According to the Book of Genesis, God commanded the Patriarchs (Bible), biblical patriarch Abraham to be circumcised, an act to be followed by his descendants on the eighth day of life, symbolizing Covenant of the pieces, the covenant between God in Judaism, God and the Jewish people. Today, it is generally performed by a mohel on the eighth day after the infant's birth and is followed by a celebratory meal known as ''seudat mitzvah''. ''Brit Milah'' is considered among the 613 commandments, most important and central commandments in Judaism, and the rite has played a central role in Jewish history, the formation and history of Jewish culture, Jewish civilization. The Talmud, when discussing the importance of ''brit milah'', considers it equal to all ot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hatafat Dam Brit
The ''brit milah'' (, , ; " covenant of circumcision") or ''bris'' (, ) is the ceremony of circumcision in Judaism and Samaritanism, during which the foreskin is surgically removed. According to the Book of Genesis, God commanded the biblical patriarch Abraham to be circumcised, an act to be followed by his descendants on the eighth day of life, symbolizing the covenant between God and the Jewish people. Today, it is generally performed by a mohel on the eighth day after the infant's birth and is followed by a celebratory meal known as ''seudat mitzvah''. ''Brit Milah'' is considered among the most important and central commandments in Judaism, and the rite has played a central role in the formation and history of Jewish civilization. The Talmud, when discussing the importance of ''brit milah'', considers it equal to all other ''mitzvot'' (commandments). Abraham's descendants who voluntarily fail to undergo ''brit milah'', barring extraordinary circumstances, are belie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Talmud
The Talmud (; ) is the central text of Rabbinic Judaism and the primary source of Jewish religious law (''halakha'') and Jewish theology. Until the advent of Haskalah#Effects, modernity, in nearly all Jewish communities, the Talmud was the centerpiece of Jewish culture, Jewish cultural life and was foundational to "all Jewish thought and aspirations", serving also as "the guide for the daily life" of Jews. The Talmud includes the teachings and opinions of thousands of rabbis on a variety of subjects, including halakha, Jewish ethics, Jewish philosophy, philosophy, Jewish customs, customs, Jewish history, history, and Jewish folklore, folklore, and many other topics. The Talmud is a commentary on the Mishnah. This text is made up of 63 Masekhet, tractates, each covering one subject area. The language of the Talmud is Jewish Babylonian Aramaic. Talmudic tradition emerged and was compiled between the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE and the Arab conquest in the early seve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohel
A ( , Ashkenazi Hebrew, Ashkenazi pronunciation , plural: , , "circumciser") is a Jewish man trained in the practice of , the "covenant of male circumcision". A woman who is trained in the practice is referred to as a ''mohelet'' (plural: ''mohelot''). Etymology The noun ( in Aramaic language, Aramaic), meaning "circumciser", is derived from the same verb stem as (circumcision). The noun appeared for the first time in the 4th century as the title of a circumciser (Shabbat (Talmud) 156a). Origins of circumcision in Judaism For Jews, male circumcision is mandatory, as it is prescribed in the Torah. In the Book of Genesis, it is described as a mark of the covenant of the pieces between Yahweh and the descendants of Abraham: In Leviticus: Functions Biblically, the infant's father () is commanded to perform the circumcision himself. However, as most fathers are not comfortable or do not have the training, they designate a or . are specially trained in circumcision and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seudat Mitzvah
A ''seudat mitzvah'' (, "commanded meal"), in Judaism, is an obligatory festive meal, usually referring to the celebratory meal following the fulfillment of a ''mitzvah'' (commandment), such as a ''bar mitzvah'', '' bat mitzvah'', a wedding, a ''brit milah'' (ritual circumcision), or a '' siyum'' (completing a tractate of Talmud or Mishnah). ''Seudot'' fixed in the calendar (i.e., for holidays and fasts) are also considered ''seudot mitzvah'', but many have their own, more commonly used names. ''Seudat brit milah'' Attendance at a brit milah (circumcision ceremony) and its subsequent ''seudah'' is of such great significance that Moshe Isserles ("the Rama") notes a Talmudic saying that one who is invited but does not participate in the seudat brit milah is ostracized by God. For this reason, people are generally not invited, but merely informed of the brit's time and location. Talmudic sages have compared a ''brit'' to a korban (Temple sacrifice), and eating at a seudat brit mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerim
Gerim (Hebrew language, Hebrew plural: גרים "converts", singular masculine: גר "ger", singular feminine: גייורת "giyoret") also known as gerey tzedek (גְּיֵירֵי צֶדֶק righteous proselytes) are non-Jews who have converted to Judaism and have become "Naturalization, naturalized" Jews according to Halakha, Jewish Law. A ger acquires a Soul#Judaism, Jewish soul upon the completion of the conversion known as גִּיּוּר ("giur") or גֵּרוּת ("geirut") in the process of conversion to Judaism. It is important to note that there is a distinction between a "ger tzedek" and a "ger toshav" (גר תושב), who is a "resident alien" and is bound only to the Seven Laws of Noah. Overview Being Jew, Jewish is a combination of both an ethnicity and of the religion of Judaism. The religion of Judaism does not seek converts, prospective converts must complete the arduous process without the support present in Universalism, universalist religions like Chris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Feldheim Publishers
Feldheim Publishers (or Feldheim) is an American Orthodox Jewish publisher of Torah books and literature. Its extensive catalog of titles includes books on Jewish law, Torah, Talmud, Jewish lifestyle, Shabbat and Jewish holidays, Jewish history, biography, and kosher cookbooks. It also publishes children's books. The company's headquarters is located in New York, with publishing and sales divisions in Jerusalem. Its president is Yitzchak Feldheim. History Feldheim Publishers was founded in 1939 by Philipp Feldheim, a Viennese Jew who escaped Nazi Austria that year. He made his home in the Williamsburg section of Brooklyn, NYC where he was a founder of the Vienner Kehilla there. Later he moved to Washington Heights, New York near Congregation Khal Adath Jeshurun founded by Rabbi Dr. Joseph Breuer (1882–1980). Feldheim opened a small bookshop on the Lower East Side, and witnessing customer demand for Jewish literature, decided to go into Jewish publishing under the name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brandeis University Press
Brandeis University Press is a university press supported by Brandeis University, a private research university in Waltham, Massachusetts, Waltham, Massachusetts. It publishes a wide range of academic titles as well as trade books. The press was originally founded in 1971 as an imprint of the University Press of New England publishing consortium, but following the consortium's disbanding in 2018, Brandeis University Press was relaunched in 2019 as a separate publisher. Brandeis University Press is distributed by The Chicago Distribution Center. Brandeis University Press is perhaps best known for its books that focus on Jewish studies, and they have recently began to specialize in books that focus on New England, as well as the Environment and Nature. In 2021, Brandeis University Press secured the rights to the University Press of New England's catalog of past publications, and in 2023 they acquired Dartmouth College Press. See also * List of English-language book publishing com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William B
William is a masculine given name of Germanic origin. It became popular in England after the Norman conquest in 1066,All Things William"Meaning & Origin of the Name"/ref> and remained so throughout the Middle Ages and into the modern era. It is sometimes abbreviated "Wm." Shortened familiar versions in English include Will or Wil, Wills, Willy, Willie, Bill, Billie, and Billy. A common Irish form is Liam. Scottish diminutives include Wull, Willie or Wullie (as in Oor Wullie). Female forms include Willa, Willemina, Wilma and Wilhelmina. Etymology William is related to the German given name ''Wilhelm''. Both ultimately descend from Proto-Germanic ''*Wiljahelmaz'', with a direct cognate also in the Old Norse name ''Vilhjalmr'' and a West Germanic borrowing into Medieval Latin ''Willelmus''. The Proto-Germanic name is a compound of *''wiljô'' "will, wish, desire" and *''helmaz'' "helm, helmet".Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxfor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish Eschatology
Jewish eschatology is the area of Jewish philosophy, Jewish theology concerned with events that will happen in the Eschatology, end of days and related concepts. This includes the ingathering of the exiled Jewish diaspora, diaspora, the coming of the Messiah in Judaism, Jewish Messiah, the Afterlife#Judaism, afterlife, and the Universal resurrection, resurrection of the dead. In Judaism, the end times are usually called the "end of days" (''aḥarit ha-yamim'', אחרית הימים), a phrase that appears several times in the Tanakh. These beliefs have evolved over time, and according to some authors there is evidence of Jewish belief in a personal afterlife with reward or punishment referenced in the Torah. Sources In Judaism, the main textual source for the belief in the end of days and accompanying events is the Tanakh or Hebrew Bible. The roots of Jewish eschatology are to be found in the pre-Babylonian captivity, exile Prophets in Judaism, prophets, including Isaiah and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soul
The soul is the purported Mind–body dualism, immaterial aspect or essence of a Outline of life forms, living being. It is typically believed to be Immortality, immortal and to exist apart from the material world. The three main theories that describe the relationship between the soul and the body are Interactionism (philosophy of mind), interactionism, Psychophysical parallelism, parallelism, and epiphenomenalism. Anthropology, Anthropologists and Psychology, psychologists have found that most humans are naturally inclined to believe in the existence of the soul and that they have interculturally distinguished between souls and bodies. The soul has been the central area of interest in philosophy since Ancient history, ancient times. Socrates envisioned the soul to possess a rational faculty, its practice being man's most godlike activity. Plato believed the soul to be the person's real self, an immaterial and immortal dweller of our lives that continues and thinks even after d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kareth
The Hebrew term ''kareth'' ("cutting off" , ), or extirpation, is a form of punishment for sin, mentioned in the Hebrew Bible and later Jewish writings. The typical Biblical phrase used is "that soul shall be cut off from its people" or a slight variation of this. Several different suggestions have been made for the understanding of this punishment in the Bible and in rabbinic thought. Etymology The word ''kareth'' is derived from the Hebrew verb ''karat'' ("to cut off"). The noun form ''kareth'' does not occur in the Hebrew Bible; rather, verb forms such as ''venichreta'' (" hat soulshall be cut off") are most common. Hebrew Bible In the Hebrew Bible, verbs that underlie the later use of the noun form ''kareth'' refer to forms of punishment including premature death, or else exclusion from the people. The former view is implied by verses stating that the punishment will be inflicted directly by God, while the latter view may be suggested by verses which distinguish between bein ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mitzvah
In its primary meaning, the Hebrew language, Hebrew word (; , ''mīṣvā'' , plural ''mīṣvōt'' ; "commandment") refers to a commandment Divine law, from God to be performed as a religious duty. Jewish law () in large part consists of discussion of these commandments. According to religious tradition, there are 613 commandments, 613 such commandments. In its secondary meaning, the word ''mitzvah'' refers to a deed performed in order to fulfill such a commandment. As such, the term ''mitzvah'' has also come to express an individual act of human kindness in keeping with the law. The expression includes a sense of heartfelt sentiment beyond mere legal duty, as "you shall love your neighbor as yourself" (Leviticus 19:18). For some ''mitzvot'', the purpose is specified in the Torah; though, the opinions of the Talmudic rabbis are divided between those who seek the Teleology, purpose of the ''mitzvot'' and those who do not question them. The former believe that if people were to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
