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Brindabella Ranges
The Brindabella Range, commonly called The Brindabellas or The Brindies, is a mountain range located in Australia, on a state and territory border of New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). The range rises to the west of Canberra, the capital city of Australia, and includes the Namadgi National Park in the ACT and the Bimberi Nature Reserve and Brindabella National Park in New South Wales. The Brindabellas are visible to the west of Canberra and form an important part of the city's landscape. Location and features The Brindabella Range is located in the northern tip of the Australian Alps bioregion, marking the dividing line with the southern tip of the South Eastern Highlands bioregion and the eastern limits of the Riverina. The northern point of the range is Mount Coree, situated west-northwest of Canberra. From this point the range heads generally south, towards the eastern watershed of the Murrumbidgee River, in a line that marks the western ed ...
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Mount Gingera
Mount Gingera is a mountain with an elevation of located within the Brindabella Range on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales in Australia. The summit of the mountain is located within the ACT, and is the second highest peak in the territory. The mountain is the most prominent snow-covered peak to be seen from Canberra in winter. It is located on the border between New South Wales and the ACT, the NSW portion in Bimberi Nature Reserve and the ACT portion in Namadgi National Park. The sub-alpine sphagnum bogs on the flanks of Mount Gingera and nearby Mount Ginini to the north are known habitats of the endangered Northern Corroboree Frog (''Pseudophryne pengilleyi''). Route Mount Gingera may be reached by walking from Corin Dam up and along Stockyard Spur to its junction with the Mount Franklin Road. Continue south along the road, passing Pryors Hut before either following a track or simply climbing the moderate eastern slope. Alternatively y ...
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Geology
Geology (). is a branch of natural science concerned with the Earth and other astronomical objects, the rocks of which they are composed, and the processes by which they change over time. Modern geology significantly overlaps all other Earth sciences, including hydrology. It is integrated with Earth system science and planetary science. Geology describes the structure of the Earth on and beneath its surface and the processes that have shaped that structure. Geologists study the mineralogical composition of rocks in order to get insight into their history of formation. Geology determines the relative ages of rocks found at a given location; geochemistry (a branch of geology) determines their absolute ages. By combining various petrological, crystallographic, and paleontological tools, geologists are able to chronicle the geological history of the Earth as a whole. One aspect is to demonstrate the age of the Earth. Geology provides evidence for plate tectonics, the ev ...
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Goodradigbee River
Goodradigbee River, a perennial stream that is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Snowy Mountains district of New South Wales, Australia. Course and features The river rises below Mount Morgan on the northern side of the Snowy Mountains at and flows generally north west, joined by fifteen minor tributaries towards its mouth at the confluence with the Murrumbidgee River at Burrinjuck Dam; dropping over the course of the river's length of . The majority of the catchment (95%) is forested with the upper catchment within the Kosciuszko National Park. The catchment is in area. Some water from the upper reaches of the river is diverted into Tantangara Reservoir via an aqueduct, but otherwise the river is not dammed. In 1968 the National Capital Development Commission considered building a dam at Brindabella Valley for the purpose of sending water into the Cotter River via a tunnel. The bridge over the Goodradigbee at Wee ...
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Snowy Mountains
The Snowy Mountains, known informally as "The Snowies", is an IBRA subregion in southern New South Wales, Australia, and is the tallest mountain range in mainland Australia, being part of the continent's Great Dividing Range, a cordillera system. It makes up the northeastern half of the Australian Alps (the other half being the Victorian Alps) and contains Australia's five tallest peaks, all of which are above , including the tallest Mount Kosciuszko, which reaches to a height of above sea level. The offshore Tasmanian highlands makes up the only other major alpine region present in the whole of Australia. The Snowy Mountains experience large natural snowfalls for several months of the year; with significant accumulation during May, June, July, August, September and October with the snow cover usually melting by November (although it can occasionally persist through high summer and the next autumn). It is considered to be one of the centres of the Australian ski industry d ...
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Sydney
Sydney is the capital city of the States and territories of Australia, state of New South Wales and the List of cities in Australia by population, most populous city in Australia. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Sydney Harbour and extends about 80 km (50 mi) from the Pacific Ocean in the east to the Blue Mountains (New South Wales), Blue Mountains in the west, and about 80 km (50 mi) from Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park and the Hawkesbury River in the north and north-west, to the Royal National Park and Macarthur, New South Wales, Macarthur in the south and south-west. Greater Sydney consists of 658 suburbs, spread across 33 local government areas. Residents of the city are colloquially known as "Sydneysiders". The estimated population in June 2024 was 5,557,233, which is about 66% of the state's population. Estimated resident population, 30 June 2017. The city's nicknames include the Emerald City and the Harbour City. There is ev ...
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Brindabella Valley
The Brindabella Valley is a valley situated below the western ridge-line of the Brindabella Range, located midway along the Goodradigbee River, in the south of New South Wales, Australia. Location and features The valley is framed by the Brindabella Range and the Fiery Mountain Range, most notably by Mount Bramina and Bulls Head in the north and Black Bottle Mountain and Mount Franklin in the south. The valley is largely gentle, undulating farmland rising from above sea level in the north to above sea level in the south. Most of the native vegetation in the valley has been removed in favour of pasture, fruit trees and other exotic species, however the surrounding mountains are largely national parks, populated entirely with native flora. The traditional custodians of the area now known as the Brindabella Valley are the Ngunawal, Walgalu and Djimantan indigenous peoples. The valley was first settled by Europeans as a stock outstation for the '' Yarralumla'' station in th ...
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Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory)
Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory. The mountain is located in the Bimberi Nature Reserve and the Namadgi National Park. A marked walking trail to the summit can be reached via Mount Franklin Road. The summit is accessible by bush walking trails and requires no specialised climbing skills. It is located close to Brindabella Station where the Australian author Miles Franklin once lived and the mountain is named after her family. The mountain is often covered in snow in winter and Australian ski pioneers based themselves at Mount Franklin from the 1930s. Nowadays, cross country skiing is possible in the area during winter, when conditions allow. Skiing on Mount Franklin A ski chalet was constructed at Mount Franklin in 1938 to service the Canberra Alpine Club. ...
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Mount Ginini
Mount Ginini is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Range, located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. Geography The summit of the mountain is located within the ACT, and is the seventh highest mountain in the Territory. The ACT portion of the mountain is located in Bimberi Nature Reserve and Namadgi National Park and the NSW portion in Kosciuszko National Park. It is often climbed by bushwalkers from Corin Dam, as it is a few hours' hike. The mountain is close to the Ginini Flats Wetlands Ramsar Site. Facilities The mountain is home to an Airservices Australia installation serving as part of the AERIES network and as a transceiver for communications between ATCs and aircraft. It also hosts a repeater station (VK1RGI) for the local amateur radio club. The transmitter tower is located at . Climate Mount Ginini has a subpolar oceanic climate (''Cfc'') with cool to mild summers and cold, very snowy winters. ...
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Bimberi Peak
Bimberi Peak or Mount Bimberi with an elevation of located within the Brindabella Ranges is the highest mountain in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). It is located on the border between New South Wales (NSW) and the ACT, the NSW portion in Kosciuszko National Park and the ACT portion in Namadgi National Park. It is accessible by bush walking trails and requires no specialised climbing skills, although there is no marked trail to the very summit. Routes Bimberi Peak can be reached along the Australian Alps Walking Track, from the east through the ACT, or from the west through NSW, approximately north northwest of that ascends the southern ridge. When climbing Bimberi from the west, a dirt road, that is closed during winter, leads to a locked gate at Currango Plain, called Pockets Saddle Road Gate, a gain of . The trailhead commences at an elevation of as an easy two–hour walk along a fire trail passes by Oldfields Hut and crosses several streams, before reachi ...
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Office Of Environment And Heritage (New South Wales)
The New South Wales Office of Environment and Heritage (OEH), a former Government department, division of the Government of New South Wales between April 2011 and July 2019, was responsible for the care and protection of the environment and heritage, which includes the natural environment, Aboriginal country, culture and heritage, and built heritage in New South Wales, Australia. The OEH supported the community, business and government in protecting, strengthening and making the most of a healthy environment and economy within the state. The OEH was part of the Department of Planning and Environment (New South Wales), Department of Planning and Environment cluster and managed national parks and nature reserve, reserves. Following the 2019 New South Wales state election, 2019 state election, the agency was abolished and most functions of the agency were assumed by the Department of Planning, Industry and Environment with effect from 1 July 2019. The heritage functions were ass ...
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Basalt
Basalt (; ) is an aphanite, aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron (mafic lava) exposed at or very near the planetary surface, surface of a terrestrial planet, rocky planet or natural satellite, moon. More than 90% of all volcanic rock on Earth is basalt. Rapid-cooling, fine-grained basalt is chemically equivalent to slow-cooling, coarse-grained gabbro. The eruption of basalt lava is observed by geologists at about 20 volcanoes per year. Basalt is also an important rock type on other planetary bodies in the Solar System. For example, the bulk of the plains of volcanism on Venus, Venus, which cover ~80% of the surface, are basaltic; the lunar mare, lunar maria are plains of flood-basaltic lava flows; and basalt is a common rock on the surface of Mars. Molten basalt lava has a low viscosity due to its relatively low silica content (between 45% and 52%), resulting in rapidly moving lava flo ...
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Tertiary Period
The Tertiary ( ) is an obsolete Period (geology), geologic period spanning 66 million to 2.6 or 1.8 million years ago. The period began with the extinction of the non-bird, avian dinosaurs in the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, at the start of the Cenozoic, Cenozoic Era, and extended to the beginning of the Quaternary glaciation at the end of the Pliocene, Pliocene Epoch. The Tertiary has not been recognised by the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) since the late 1980s, with the timespan of the Tertiary now being split in to the earlier Paleogene and the more recent Neogene periods, though the Tertiary continues to be used in some scientific publications. Historical use of the term The term Tertiary was first used by Giovanni Arduino (geologist), Giovanni Arduino during the mid-18th century. He classified geologic time into primitive (or primary), secondary, and tertiary periods based on observations of geology in Northern Italy. Later a fourth period, t ...
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