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Bredtveit Concentration Camp
Bredtveit Prison (formally Bredtveit Prison Service, Custody and Supervision Unit, ) is a prison located in the neighborhood of Bredtvet in Oslo, Norway. During World War II it was a concentration camp. Pre-World War II It originated at Bredtvet farm as a learning home (''lærehjem'') for young boys, erected 1918 and in use from 1919 to 1923. In 1923 the state took over the property from ''Det norske lærehjem- og verneforbund''. In 1929 it was proposed that the property be turned into a juvenile center teaching labour skills; the proposal accepted in 1939. This plan did not materialize, as the construction of the facility was halted by war. Concentration camp In 1940, Norway was invaded and occupied by Nazi Germany. Beginning in 1941 the Nazi collaborationist party Nasjonal Samling used Bredtveit as a political prison. It bore a similarity to Falstad concentration camp, via the original purpose of the facility. People incarcerated at Bredtveit during the war included severa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oslo
Oslo ( or ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo had a population of in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of 1,064,235 in 2022, and the metropolitan area had an estimated population of in 2021. During the Viking Age, the area was part of Viken. Oslo was founded as a city at the end of the Viking Age in 1040 under the name Ánslo, and established as a ''kaupstad'' or trading place in 1048 by Harald Hardrada. The city was elevated to a bishopric in 1070 and a capital under Haakon V of Norway around the year 1300. Personal unions with Denmark from 1397 to 1523 and again from 1536 to 1814 reduced its influence. After being destroyed by a fire in 1624, during the reign of King Christian IV, a new city was built closer to Akershus Fortress and named Christiania in honour of the king. It became a municipality ('' formannskapsdistrikt'') on 1 January 1838. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eiliv Skard
Eiliv Skard (19 October 1898 – 30 September 1978) was a Norwegian classical philologist. Personal life He was born in Levanger as a son of educators Matias Skard (1846–1927) and Gyda Christensen (1868–1916). The family moved to Kristiansand in 1901. He was a nephew of Johannes Skar and Christopher Bruun, a brother of Bjarne and Sigmund Skard and a half-brother of Olav and Torfinn Skard. When Sigmund Skard married Åse Gruda Skard, Åsa became Eiliv's sister-in-law. In 1940 he married teacher Sigrid Nordang (1903–1988). They had met in Gudbrandsdalen in the same year. Career He finished his secondary education at Kristiansand Cathedral School in 1916, and graduated from the Royal Frederick University in 1922. He worked at the secondary schools in Hornnes Municipality from 1922 to 1924 and Orkdal Municipality from 1925 to 1929. He was a Latin teacher at the university from 1929, having specialized in classical philology during studies in Germany, Italy and Greece. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prisons In Norway
Incarceration in Norway is one of the main forms of punishment, rehabilitation, or both, for the commitment of indictable offenses. Norway's criminal justice system focuses on the principles of restorative justice and the rehabilitation of prisoners. Correctional facilities in Norway focus on maintaining custody of the offender and attempting to make them functioning members of society. Norway's prison system is renowned as one of the most effective and humane in the world. Norway has one of the lowest recidivism rates in the world; in 2018 the reconviction rate was 18% within two years of release, with a recidivism rate of 25% after five years. The country also has one of the lowest crime rates on Earth. Norway's prison system houses approximately three thousand offenders. Norway's laws forbid the use of torture and other cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment as punishment. Prison conditions typically meet international standards, and the government permits visits by human r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orderud Case
The Orderud case () was a triple murder that occurred in Søren, Akershus, Norway, on 22 May 1999. The victims were 47-year-old Anne Orderud Paust; her mother, 84-year-old Marie Orderud; and her father, 81-year-old Kristian Orderud, who were found shot and killed at their country estate. Anne's brother Per Kristian Orderud, his wife Veronica, his sister-in-law Kristin Kirkemo and Kristin's ex-boyfriend Lars Grønnerød were arrested and convicted of complicity in premeditated murder in 2001. The case generated much attention in the Norwegian media. Background On 17 July 1998, while heading to work at the Norwegian Ministry of Defence, Anne Orderud Paust, personal secretary to Defence Minister Dag Jostein Fjærvoll, discovered a charge of explosives under her vehicle. The 500-gram device was of the ''Solex'' type. The incident was given "extremely high priority" with the Oslo police. On 12 August, Anne's husband Per, a high-level official with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forced Labour
Forced labour, or unfree labour, is any work relation, especially in modern or early modern history, in which people are employed against their will with the threat of destitution, detention, or violence, including death or other forms of extreme hardship to either themselves or members of their families. Unfree labour includes all forms of slavery, penal labour, and the corresponding institutions, such as debt slavery, serfdom, corvée and labour camps. Definition Many forms of unfree labour are also covered by the term forced labour, which is defined by the International Labour Organization (ILO) as all involuntary work or service exacted under the menace of a penalty.Andrees and Belser, "Forced labor: Coercion and exploitation in the private economy", 2009. Rienner and ILO. However, under the ILO Forced Labour Convention of 1930, the term forced or compulsory labour does not include: *"any work or service exacted in virtue of compulsory military service laws for w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Women's Prison
Approximately 741,000 women are incarcerated in correctional facilities, a 17% increase since 2010 and the female prison population has been increasing across all continents.Nearly A Third Of All Female Prisoners Worldwide Are Incarcerated In The United States (Infographic) (2014-09-23), '''' The inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norsk Biografisk Leksikon
is the largest Norwegian biographical encyclopedia. It is part of the '' Great Norwegian Encyclopedia''. Origin The first print edition (NBL1) was issued between 1923 and 1983; it included 19 volumes and 5,100 articles. Kunnskapsforlaget took over the rights to NBL1 from Aschehoug in 1995, and work began on a second print edition (NBL2) in 1998. The project had economic support from the Fritt Ord Foundation and the Ministry of Culture, and NBL2 was launched in the years 1999–2005, including 10 volumes and around 5,700 articles. Online access In 2009 an Internet The Internet (or internet) is the Global network, global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a internetworking, network of networks ... edition, with free access, was released by together with the general-purpose . The electronic edition features additional biographies, and updates about dates of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aaslaug Aasland
Aaslaug Aasland (11 August 1890 – 30 August 1962) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party. She served as Norwegian Minister of Social Affairs from 1948 to 1953. She was born in Sandnes as a daughter of Hans Aasland (1855–1901) and Hanna Marie Nielsen (1857–1957). She took the examen artium in 1916, enrolled at the Royal Frederick University and graduated with the cand.jur. degree in 1922. She worked for the district stipendiary magistrate in Alta for a short time, and then worked for the Norwegian National Women's Council from 1924 to 1931, as a prison inspector from 1931 to 1936 and labour inspector from 1936 to 1945. In 1945 she briefly served as the director of Bredtveit women's prison, which had been a concentration camp during World War II's occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany. Later in 1945, when Gerhardsen's Second Cabinet assumed office, Aasland became a consultative minister in the Ministry of Social Affairs. She held this post until 1948, when she s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legal Purge In Norway After World War II
The legal purge in Norway after World War II (; ) took place between May 1945 and August 1948 against anyone who was found to have Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, collaborated with the German occupation of Norway, German occupation of the country. Several thousand Norwegians and foreign citizens were tried and convicted for crimes committed in Scandinavia during World War II. However, the scope, legal basis, and fairness of these trials has since been a matter of some debate. A total of 40 people—including Vidkun Quisling, the self-proclaimed and Nazi-supported Minister President of Norway during the occupation—were executed after Capital punishment in Norway, capital punishment was reinstated in Norway. Thirty-seven of those executed were executed under Norwegian law, while the other three were executed under Allied military law. Background The Operation Weserübung, German invasion of Norway during World War II created a number of constitutional issues, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hans Eng
Hans Eng (22 March 1907 – 18 May 1995) was a Norwegian physician and Nazi collaborator during World War II. World War II In 1940 he called for Norwegian soldiers in the Norwegian Campaign to lay down their weapons. He volunteered for front service in Germanic SS Norway, but was never at the front. He was the private physician for Vidkun Quisling and his family, chief physician for Nasjonal Samling's department of public health, police physician with the title of "police inspector", physician in the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation and physician at Bredtveit concentration camp. According to Julius Paltiel he was unwilling to treat the Jews incarcerated at Bredtveit. He was also present as a medical expert at several executions, including that of Gunnar Eilifsen in August 1943. However, he was feared mainly as a police informer. Eng infamously notified Statspolitiet about Oslogjengen's May 1944 sabotage of Arbeidstjenesten's offices. The office which Max Manus, Edvard Ta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Auschwitz
Auschwitz, or Oświęcim, was a complex of over 40 concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) during World War II and the Holocaust. It consisted of Auschwitz I, the main camp (''Stammlager'') in Oświęcim; Auschwitz II-Birkenau, a concentration and extermination camp with gas chambers, Auschwitz III-Monowitz, a labour camp for the chemical conglomerate IG Farben, and dozens of subcamps. The camps became a major site of the Nazis' Final Solution to the Jewish question. After Germany initiated World War II by invading Poland in September 1939, the '' Schutzstaffel'' (SS) converted Auschwitz I, an army barracks, into a prisoner-of-war camp. The initial transport of political detainees to Auschwitz consisted almost solely of Poles (for whom the camp was initially established). For the first two years, the majority of inmates were Polish. In May 1940, German criminals brought to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SS Donau (1929)
SS ''Donau'' was a Norddeutscher Lloyd (NDL) refrigerated cargo steamship that was built in Germany in 1929 and sunk in occupied Norway in 1945. In the 1930s she sailed mostly between Bremen and the West Coast of the United States via the Panama Canal. In the Second World War the Kriegsmarine used ''Donau'' for transport. Mostly she took troops, horses, and supplies from Germany and occupied Denmark to occupied Norway. She also made at least two trips to Finland. In 1942 the SS and Gestapo used ''Donau'' to deport 529Jews from Norway to Stettin, whence they were taken by train to Auschwitz. Only nine of her deportees survived. ''Donau'' survived an accidental collision in 1940 and grounding in 1942. Two Norwegian resistance divers sank her on the 16th of January 1945. Her wreck was raised and scrapped in 1952. Building In 1928–29 Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau built a pair of sister ships at its Vulcan shipyard in Hamburg for NDL. ''Isar'' was built as yard number ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
