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Brazier Carrying Coals
A brazier () is a container used to burn charcoal or other solid fuel for cooking, heating or rituals. It often takes the form of a metal box or bowl with feet, but in some places it is made of terracotta. Its elevation helps circulate air, feeding oxygen to the fire. Braziers have been used since ancient times; the Nimrud brazier dates to at least 824 BC. History The word brazier is mentioned in the Bible. The Hebrew word for brazier is believed to be of Egyptian origin, suggesting that it was imported from Egypt. The lone reference to it in the Bible being the following verse: The king was sitting in the winter-house in the ninth month; and the brazier () was burning before him. Roman Emperor Jovian (emperor), Jovian was carbon monoxide poisoning, poisoned by the fumes from a brazier in his tent in 364, ending the line of Constantine the Great, Constantine. In Arabic, the brazier is called ''kanoun''. Uses Heating Despite risks in burning charcoal on open fires, braziers ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Murray (publishing House)
John Murray is a Scottish publisher, known for the authors it has published in its long history including Jane Austen, Arthur Conan Doyle, Lord Byron, Charles Lyell, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Herman Melville, Edward Whymper, Thomas Robert Malthus, David Ricardo, and Charles Darwin. Since 2004, it has been owned by conglomerate Lagardère Group, Lagardère under the Hachette Livre, Hachette UK brand. History The business was founded in London, England, in 1768 by John Murray (1737–1793), an Edinburgh-born Royal Marines officer, who built up a list of authors including Isaac D'Israeli and published the ''English Review (18th century), English Review''. John Murray the elder was one of the founding sponsors of the London evening newspaper ''The Star (1788), The Star'' in 1788. He was succeeded by his son John Murray II, who made the publishing house important and influential. He was a friend of many leading writers of the day and launched the ''Quarterly Review'' in 180 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paschal Candle
A Paschal candle is a large candle used in Liturgy, liturgies in Western Christianity (videlicet, viz., the Roman Catholic Church, the Lutheran Churches, the Anglican Communion, and the Methodist Churches, among others). A new Paschal candle is blessed and lit every year at Easter. It is used throughout the Eastertide and then throughout the year on occasions such as baptisms, funerals and some other special occasions such as the ordination, ordination of priests, taking religious vows, vows or the Consecration of virgins, when the fire from the Paschal candle is carried with a wick to light another liturgical candle, as for example the baptismal candle. The equivalent of the Paschal candle in the Eastern Orthodox Church is the Paschal trikirion, which differs in both style and usage. Etymology The term ''Paschal'' comes from the Latin word ''Pascha'', which came from the Hebrew language, Hebrew word ''Pesach (Help:IPA/English, /ˈpɛsɑːx, ˈpeɪ-/; פֶּסַח)'', meaning P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thurible
A thurible (via Old French from -4; we might wonder whether there's a point at which it's appropriate to talk of the beginnings of French, that is, when it wa ... from incense burner suspended from chains, in which incense">Medieval Latin ) is a metal censer">incense burner suspended from chains, in which incense is burned during worship services. It is used in Christian churches, including those of the Catholic Church, Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Assyrian Church of the East, Oriental Orthodox, Lutheran and Old Catholic denominations, as well as in some Continental Reformed, Presbyterian, Methodist and Anglican churches (with its use almost universal amongst Anglican churches of Anglo Catholic churchmanship). The acolyte or altar server who carries the thurible is called the ''thurifer''. The practice is rooted in the earlier traditions of Judaism dating from the time of the Second Jewish Temple, and is still ceremoniously utilized in some Renewal communities. In C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Censer
A censer, incense burner, perfume burner or pastille burner is a vessel made for burning incense or perfume in some solid form. They vary greatly in size, form, and material of construction, and have been in use since ancient times throughout the world. They may consist of simple earthenware bowls or fire pots to intricately carved silver or gold vessels, small table top objects a few centimetres tall to as many as several metres high. Many designs use openwork to allow a flow of air. In many cultures, burning incense has spiritual and religious connotations, and this influences the design and decoration of the censer. Often, especially in Western contexts, the term "censer" is used for pieces made for religious use, especially those on chains that are swung through the air to spread the incense smoke widely, while the term "perfume burner" is used for objects made for secular use. The original meaning of pastille was a small compressed mixture of aromatic plant material an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incense
Incense is an aromatic biotic material that releases fragrant smoke when burnt. The term is used for either the material or the aroma. Incense is used for aesthetic reasons, religious worship, aromatherapy, meditation, and ceremonial reasons. It may also be used as a simple deodorant or insect repellent. Incense is composed of aromatic plant materials, often combined with essential oils. The forms taken by incense differ with the underlying culture, and have changed with advances in technology and increasing number of uses. Incense can generally be separated into two main types: "indirect-burning" and "direct-burning." Indirect-burning incense (or "non-combustible incense") is not capable of burning on its own, and requires a separate heat source. Direct-burning incense (or "combustible incense") is lit directly by a flame and then fanned or blown out, leaving a glowing ember that smoulders and releases a smoky fragrance. Direct-burning incense is either a paste formed around a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wood Burner
A wood-burning stove (or wood burner or log burner in the UK) is a heating or cooking appliance capable of burning wood fuel, often called solid fuel, and wood-derived biomass fuel, such as sawdust bricks. Generally the appliance consists of a solid metal (usually cast iron or steel) closed firebox, often lined by fire brick, and one or more air controls (which can be manually or automatically operated depending upon the stove). The first wood-burning stove was patented in Strasbourg in 1557. This was two centuries before the Industrial Revolution, so iron was still prohibitively expensive. The first wood-burning stoves were high-end consumer items and only gradually became used widely. The stove is connected by ventilating stove pipe to a suitable flue, which will fill with hot combustion gases once the fuel is ignited. The chimney or flue gases must be hotter than the outside temperature to ensure combustion gases are drawn out of the fire chamber and up the chimney. Wood bur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South From Granada (book)
''South from Granada: Seven Years in an Andalusian Village'' is an autobiographical book by Gerald Brenan, first published in 1957. Brenan, a fringe member of the Bloomsbury Group, settled in Spain in 1920, and lived there on and off for the rest of his life. The book is an example of travel literature, mixing an autobiographical account of his life in Yegen, the village where he found his first home in Spain, with detailed background information about the Alpujarras region of Andalusia. He describes visits to his home by Virginia Woolf, Lytton Strachey, and Dora Carrington, and also devotes space to Spanish prehistory, particularly the Millaran culture. Film version ''South from Granada'' has been adapted into a film, ''Al sur de Granada'' (2003), directed by Fernando Colomo Fernando Colomo Gómez (born 2 February 1946) is a Spanish film producer, screenwriter and film director. He has also acted in small roles in his own and other's films. He is regarded as the father ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerald Brenan
Edward FitzGerald "Gerald" Brenan, CBE, Military Cross, MC (7 April 1894 – 19 January 1987) was a British writer and hispanist who spent much of his life in Spain. Brenan is probably best known for ''The Spanish Labyrinth'', a historical work on the background to the Spanish Civil War, and for a mainly autobiographical work ''South from Granada, South from Granada: Seven Years in an Andalusian Village''. He was appointed Order of the British Empire, CBE in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Diplomatic Service and Overseas List of 1982. Life Brenan was born in Malta into a Gentry, well-off Anglo-Irish family, while his father was serving there in the British Army. He was educated at Radley College, Radley, a boarding school in England, which he hated due to the bullying he endured. His autobiographic works make it clear that he did not enjoy a good relationship with his father, Major Hugh Brenan. At the age of 18, and to spite his father who wanted him to train for an ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brasero (heater)
A brasero (Spanish: "brazier") is a heater commonly used in Spain. It is placed under a table covered with a cloth that extends to the floor to provide heat for people sitting at the table. This arrangement (which is called a mesa camilla) is similar to the Japanese ''kotatsu'' or Iranian ''korsi''. ''Braseros'' were traditionally heated with small pieces of charcoal, called ''cisco'' or ''picón''; nowadays they are usually electric. Modernly, certain deposits of burning embers, such as the upper compartment of solid fuel heating boilers, are called braseros. By extension, the term was used to define the place where ''certain criminals'' condemned to the stake were executed, generally Jews or infidels victims of one of the most common methods with which the "secular arm" executed those condemned by the Inquisition. History In several archaeological museums, braseros from Etruria and Culture of ancient Rome, Rome are displayed. Generally made of bronze, they have quadrangu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foot Stove
A foot stove consists of a wooden box which is open on one side, with holes or a slab at the top. In it, a bowl made of pottery or metal with burning charcoal was placed. The feet were positioned on top of the stove to become warm. By putting a blanket or clothing on the legs, the heat could be isolated, and the lower legs were heated. Foot stoves were used in Northern Germany, the Netherlands, and the United States. File:Kieke2.jpg, Old foot stove from Northern Germany File:Stoof0752.JPG, Stove from the Netherlands File:Voetenstoof.jpg, A foot stove from around 1930 See also * Korsi, a similar Iranian item *Kotatsu A is a low, wooden table frame covered by a ''futon'', or heavy blanket, upon which a table top sits. Underneath is a heat source, formerly a charcoal brazier but now Electricity, electric, often built into the table itself. ''Kotatsu'' are ..., a similar Japanese item References External links {{Commons category, Foot stoves Foot stoves from the Verm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
