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Bracari
The Bracari or Callaeci Bracari were an ancient Celtic tribe of Gallaecia, living in the northwest of modern Portugal, in the province of Minho, between the rivers Tâmega and Cávado. After the conquest of the region beginning in 136BC, the Romans established the Augustan citadel of ''Bracara'', modern Braga, in 20 BC. Appian wrote they were a very warlike people. According to him, The Bracari women warriors fought defending their town "never turning, never showing their backs or uttering a cry." It has long been known that they spoke a Celtic language, as can be seen in the inscription dedicated to the goddess Nabia at Braga's ''Fonte do Ídolo'' (Portuguese for the '' Fountain of the Idol''), or in the name of their town '' Tongobriga'' (in Marco de Canaveses). The region was home to some native and notable citadels that fiercely resisted Roman rule and were sieged by the Romans. These were Lambriaca, Avobriga, and Cinania. Lambriaca and Avobriga were located near the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Celt
The Celts (, see pronunciation for different usages) or Celtic peoples () are. "CELTS location: Greater Europe time period: Second millennium B.C.E. to present ancestry: Celtic a collection of Indo-European peoples. "The Celts, an ancient Indo-European people, reached the apogee of their influence and territorial expansion during the 4th century bc, extending across the length of Europe from Britain to Asia Minor."; . " e Celts, were Indo-Europeans, a fact that explains a certain compatibility between Celtic, Roman, and Germanic mythology."; . "The Celts and Germans were two Indo-European groups whose civilizations had some common characteristics."; . "Celts and Germans were of course derived from the same Indo-European stock."; . "Celt, also spelled Kelt, Latin Celta, plural Celtae, a member of an early Indo-European people who from the 2nd millennium bce to the 1st century bce spread over much of Europe."; in Europe and Anatolia, identified by their use of Celtic lang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nabia
Nabia was the goddess of rivers and water in Gallaecian and Lusitanian mythology, in the territory of modern Galicia (Spain), Asturias (Spain) and Portugal. The present-day Navia River and Avia (river) in Galicia and Asturias, the Neiva River, near Braga (''Bracara Augusta'', old Roman capital of Gallaecia) and the Nabão River which passes through the city of Tomar may all share the etymology of the goddess's name. The goddess Nabia was very popular in the territory of the Callaici Bracari with several inscriptions, like the one at Braga's '' Fonte do Ídolo'' ( Portuguese for ''Fountain of the Idol''). See also * Castro culture *Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula This is a list of the pre-Roman people of the Iberian Peninsula (the Roman Hispania, i. e., modern Portugal, Spain and Andorra). Some closely fit the concept of a people, ethnic group or tribe. Others are confederations or even unions of tri ... References * Coutinhas, José Manuel. ''Aproximação ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Idol's Fountain
The Fountain of the Idol ( pt, Fonte do Ídolo) is a Roman fountain located in the civil parish of São José de São Lázaro, in the municipality of Braga, northern Portugal. Located in the former territory of the Callaici Bracari, the granite rock ''fountain/spring'' has Latin inscriptions, dedicated to the Gallaecian and Lusitanian gods Tongoenabiagus and Nabia (built during era of Roman Emperor Augustus). History The construction of the fountain probably began in the 1st century, associated with a water cult, dedicated to the Lusitanian divinity Tongoenbiagus, and ordered constructed by Celicus Fronto. Kingdom First identified by Georg Braun in his map of Braga in 1594, the document indicated the location of the spring (marked by a channel of water). By 1695, the land on which the fountain is located was owned by Father Santos Rodrigues, vicar of São João de Castelões, in Guimarães. On his death, his property passed to his niece, D. Angélica de Barros, who late ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gallaeci
The Gallaeci (also Callaeci or Callaici; grc, Καλλαϊκοί) were a Celtic tribal complex who inhabited Gallaecia, the north-western corner of Iberia, a region roughly corresponding to what is now the Norte Region in northern Portugal, and the Spanish regions of Galicia, western Asturias and western León before and during the Roman period. They spoke a Q-Celtic language related to Northeastern Hispano-Celtic, called Gallaecian or Northwestern Hispano-Celtic. The region was annexed by the Romans in the time of Caesar Augustus during the Cantabrian Wars, a war which initiated the assimilation of the Gallaeci into Latin culture. The endonym of modern-day Galicians, ''galegos'', derives directly from the name of this people. History The fact that the Gallaeci did not adopt writing until contact with the Romans constrains the study of their earlier history. However, early allusions to this people are present in ancient Greek and Latin authors prior to the conquest, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Braga
Braga ( , ; cel-x-proto, Bracara) is a city and a municipality, capital of the northwestern Portuguese district of Braga and of the historical and cultural Minho Province. Braga Municipality has a resident population of 193,333 inhabitants (in 2021), representing the seventh largest municipality in Portugal (by population). Its area is 183.40 km2. Its agglomerated urban area extends from the Cávado River to the Este River. It is the most populated urban area in Portugal outside Lisbon and Porto Metropolitan Areas. It is host to the oldest Portuguese archdiocese, the Archdiocese of Braga of the Catholic Church and it is the seat of the Primacy of the Spains. During the Roman Empire, then known as Bracara Augusta, the settlement was the capital of the province of Gallaecia and later of the Kingdom of the Suebi that was one of the first to separate from the Roman Empire. Inside of the city there is also a castle tower that can be visited. Nowadays, Braga is a major hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gallaecia
Gallaecia, also known as Hispania Gallaecia, was the name of a Roman province in the north-west of Hispania, approximately present-day Galicia, northern Portugal, Asturias and Leon and the later Kingdom of Gallaecia. The Roman cities included the port Cale (Porto), the governing centers Bracara Augusta (Braga), Lucus Augusti (Lugo) and Asturica Augusta (Astorga) and their administrative areas Conventus bracarensis, Conventus lucensis and Conventus asturicensis. Description The Romans named the northwest part of Hispania or the Iberian Peninsula ''Gallaecia'' after the celtic tribes of the area the Gallaeci or Gallaecians. The Gallaic make their entry into written history in the first-century epic ''Punica'' of Silius Italicus on the First Punic War: :''Fibrarum et pennae divinarumque sagacem'' :''flammarum misit dives Callaecia pubem,'' :''barbara nunc patriis ululantem carmina linguis,'' :''nunc pedis alterno percussa verbere terra,'' :''ad numerum resonas gaudent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nemetati
The Nemetati were an ancient Celtic tribe of Gallaecia, living in the north of modern Portugal between the Cávado and Ave Rivers, in the province of Minho, north of the Douro.They lived near the valley of the Ave River and may have some link with inscriptions to the war god ''Cosus Nemedecus''. The Citânia de Sanfins (in Paços de Ferreira Paços de Ferreira () is a city in the Porto District, in the north of Portugal. The population of the city in 2011 was 7491, while its municipality had 56,340 inhabitants, in an area of 70.99 km². Sometimes referred to as the ''Capital do ...) could be their main hill fort. Their ethnic name comes from the Celtic '' nemeton'' (Νεμετατῶν, Ptol. 2,6,40. Celtic, to nemeto- ato-), a place belonging to the sacred site/grove (to ''nemeto-''), or more likely, place belonging to Nemetos. Notes See also * Castro culture * Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula * Nemetes References *Coutinhas, José Manuel (2006), ''Apro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gallaeci (Proper)
The Gallaeci or Callaeci were an ancient Celtic tribe of Gallaecia, living in the northwest of modern Portugal, roughly in today's western half of the Porto District (Portuguese District = County), from the west of the Tâmega river valley to the Atlantic coast in the west and north of the Douro river.https://web.archive.org/web/20040611215344/http://www.arqueotavira.com/Mapas/Iberia/Populi.htm Detailed map of the Pre-Roman Peoples of Iberia (around 200 BC) The Greek name of the tribe was ''Kallaikoi''. The name ''Gallaeci'' or ''Callaeci'' gave name to a large tribal confederation of the same name (the Gallaeci) in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula, and also gave name to the region of Gallaecia (roughly today's Galicia and Northern Portugal, and also included Asturias and part of León). Neighbouring this tribe, to the north were the Bracari and the Narbasi, to the northeast were the Narbasi and some of the Nemetati, to the east (low valley of the Tâmega river) were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timeline Of Women In Ancient Warfare
The role of women in ancient warfare differed from culture to culture. There have been various historical accounts of females participating in battle. This article lists instances of women recorded as participating in ancient warfare, from the beginning of written records to approximately 500 CE. Contemporary archaeological research regularly provides better insight into the accuracy of ancient historical accounts. Only women active in direct warfare, such as warriors, spies, and women who actively led armies are included in this list. Timeline of women in ancient warfare worldwide 17th century BCE * 17th century BCE – Ahhotep I is credited with a stela at Karnak for "having pulled Egypt together, having cared for its army, having guarded it, having brought back those who fled, gathering up its deserters, having quieted the South, subduing those who defy her". * Ahhotep II is buried with a dagger and axe, as well as three golden fly pendants, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Castro Culture
Castro culture ( gl, cultura castrexa, pt, cultura castreja, ast, cultura castriega, es, cultura castreña, meaning "culture of the hillforts") is the archaeological term for the material culture of the northwestern regions of the Iberian Peninsula (present-day northern Portugal together with the Spanish regions of Galicia, Asturias, and western León) from the end of the Bronze Age (c. 9th century BC) until it was subsumed by Roman culture (c. 1st century BC). It is the culture associated with the Gallaecians and Astures. The most notable characteristics of this culture are: its walled oppida and hillforts, known locally as ''castros'', from Latin ''castrum'' 'castle', and the scarcity of visible burial practices, in spite of the frequent depositions of prestige items and goods, swords and other metallic riches in rocky outcrops, rivers and other aquatic contexts since the Atlantic Bronze Age. This cultural area extended east to the Cares river and south into the lowe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pre-Roman Peoples Of The Iberian Peninsula
This is a list of the pre- Roman people of the Iberian Peninsula (the Roman Hispania, i. e., modern Portugal, Spain and Andorra). Some closely fit the concept of a people, ethnic group or tribe. Others are confederations or even unions of tribes. Pre-Indo-European speakers Aquitanians * Airenosini/ Arenosii * Iacetani * Vascones Iberians * Andosini - in the mountains of East Pyrenees southern slopes, in the high Segre river basin, area of modern Andorra. * Ausetani - in the Osona region (old County of Osona), in the middle Ter river basin. Ausa (today's Vic) was their main centre. * Bastetani/ Bastitani/ Bastuli - The biggest iberian tribal confederation in area, they dwelt in a territory that included large areas of the mediterranean coast and the Sierra Nevada, in what are today parts of the modern provinces of Murcia, Albacete, Jaén, Almería, Granada and Málaga. Basti (today's Baza) was their main centre. ** Mastieni - in and around Mastia territory ( C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cividade De Terroso
Cividade de Terroso was an ancient city of the Castro culture in North-western coast of the Iberian Peninsula, situated near the present bed of the Ave river, in the suburbs of present-day Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal. Located in the heart of the Castro region, the cividade played a leading role in the early urbanization of the region in the early 1st millennium BC, as one of the oldest, largest and impregnable castro settlements. It was important in coastal trading as it was part of well-established maritime trade routes with the Mediterranean. Celtic and later Carthaginian influence are well-known, it was eventually destroyed after the Roman conquest in 138 BC. The city's name in antiquity is not known with certainty but it was known during the Middle Ages as ''Civitas Teroso'' (The City of Terroso). it was built at the summit of Cividade Hill, in the suburban area of Terroso, less than 5 km from the coast, near the eastern edge of modern Póvoa de Varzim. Beyond the main ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
