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Border Protection Troops
Border Protection Troops ( pl, Wojska Ochrony Pogranicza, ''WOP''), also known under its English abbreviation BPT, was the border guard service of the People's Republic of Poland from 1945 to 1989. During its 46 years of existence, it has repeatedly changed its structural and service subordination, passing from the Ministry of National Defense through the Ministry of Public Security to the Ministry of the Interior, and vice versa, to remain under the Ministry of Interior since 1972. Border Protection Troops soldiers were subject to the same rules and regulations as those of other soldiers of the Polish People's Republic. As a result of political transformation and the setup of the Third Polish Republic, the Border Protection Troops were disbanded on May 16, 1991, and the Border Guard was created in their place as a preventive-type police formation established to protect Poland's borders. History Foundations On May 17, 1945, the commander of the 2nd Army of the Polish People's A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Border Protection Corps
The Border Protection Corps ( pl, Korpus Ochrony Pogranicza, KOP) was a military formation of the Second Polish Republic that was created in 1924 to defend the country's eastern borders against armed Soviet incursions and local bandits. Other borders were under the jurisdiction of a separate, regular Border Guard state security agency. Though the corps was part of the Polish Army, it was commanded directly by the Ministry of Internal Affairs rather than the Ministry of National Defence. It consisted of elite soldiers from all parts of Poland. Initially ''KOP'' comprised 6 brigades and 5 regiments, each guarding part of the borders with the Soviet Union. ''KOP'' ceased to exist with the fall of Poland in September 1939. History Founding After the Polish–Soviet War, the Polish eastern frontier was stretched from the border with Latvia to the north, to the Prut river and Romanian border to the south. Although the peace treaty had been signed, the eastern border of Poland w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1st Armoured Corps (Poland)
The 1st Armoured Corps ( pl, 1 Korpus Pancerny) was an armoured formation of the Polish People's Army during 1944 - 1945. The corps saw combat in Germany in 1945. Later that year, the subordinate units of the corps were dispersed to garrisons in Poland, and the corps itself was inactivated in October 1945. The 1st Armoured Corps (comparable in size to an armoured division of western armies of the same period) completed its formation in September 1944 and was then subordinated to the supreme command of the Polish forces that had been established by the U.S.S.R. on the eastern front. Training of the unit continued until February 1945 at Chełm. The organisation of the corps was that of a Soviet tank corps. The corps supported Polish 2nd Army attacks in the direction of Dresden starting on April 16, 1945. The corps had almost reached Dresden when it was recalled on April 22 to counter-attack German units attacking at Bautzen. The corps then assisted in sealing the western ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sulików, Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Sulików (german: Schönberg) is a village (former town) in Zgorzelec County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district ( gmina) called Gmina Sulików, close to the Czech border. It lies approximately south-east of Zgorzelec, and west of the regional capital Wrocław. The village has a population of 2,014. History In the Early Middle Ages, Sulików was a stronghold of the Bieżuńczanie tribe, one of the Polish tribes. Since the 11th century, the settlement was under Polish, Czech, Hungarian and Saxon rule. Afterwards, in 1815 it was annexed by Prussia, within which it was administratively located in the Province of Silesia, and from 1871 to 1945 it was also part of Germany. Following World War II the German populace was expelled in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement The Potsdam Agreement (german: Potsdamer Abkommen) was the agreement between three of the Allies of World War II: the United Kingdom, the U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolkowice, Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Bolkowice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Paszowice, within Jawor County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Prior to 1945 it was in Germany. It lies approximately south of Jawor, and west of the regional capital Wrocław Wrocław (; , . german: Breslau, , also known by other names) is a city in southwestern Poland and the largest city in the historical region of Silesia. It lies on the banks of the Oder in the Silesian Lowlands of Central Europe, roughly .... Gallery File:Bolkowice (województwo dolnośląskie) (0003).jpg, House File:Bolkowice (województwo dolnośląskie) (0004).jpg, Road File:Bolkowice (województwo dolnośląskie) (0005).jpg, Dam References Bolkowice {{Jawor-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nowy Sącz
Nowy Sącz (; hu, Újszandec; yi, Tzanz, צאַנז; sk, Nový Sonč; german: Neu-Sandez) is a city in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship of southern Poland. It is the district capital of Nowy Sącz County as a separate administrative unit. It has a population of around 83,116 as of 2021. Names Nowy Sącz has been known in German as ''Neu Sandez'' and in Hungarian as ''Újszandec''. The Rusyn name was Novyj Sanc. Its Yiddish names include צאַנז (''Tsanz'') and נײַ-סאַנץ (''Nay-Sants''). Geography Nowy Sącz is located at the confluence of the Kamienica River and Dunajec, about north of the Slovak border, in the Sądecka Valley (''Kotlina Sądecka'') at an altitude of . It is surrounded by ranges of the eastern Outer Western Carpathian Mountains: Beskid Sądecki to the south, Beskid Wyspowy to the west, Beskid Niski to the southeast, and the foothills of Pogórze Rożnowskie to the north. The geological basis is Carpathian flysch – an undifferentiat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Przemyśl
Przemyśl (; yi, פשעמישל, Pshemishl; uk, Перемишль, Peremyshl; german: Premissel) is a city in southeastern Poland with 58,721 inhabitants, as of December 2021. In 1999, it became part of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship; it was previously the capital of Przemyśl Voivodeship. Przemyśl owes its long and rich history to the advantages of its geographic location. The city lies in an area connecting mountains and lowlands known as the Przemyśl Gate (Brama Przemyska), with open lines of transportation, and fertile soil. It also lies on the navigable San River. Important trade routes that connect Central Europe from Przemyśl ensure the city's importance. The Old Town of Przemyśl is listed as a Historic Monument of Poland. Names Different names in various languages have identified the city throughout its history. Selected languages include: cz, Přemyšl; german: Premissel, Prömsel, Premslen; la, Premislia; uk, Перемишль (Peremyshlj) and (Pshemyslj); ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Włodawa
Włodawa (; yi, וולאָדאַווע, Vlodave; ua, Володава, Volodava) is a town in eastern Poland on the Bug River, close to the borders with Belarus and Ukraine. It is the seat of Włodawa County, situated in the Lublin Voivodeship since 1999. it has a population of 13,500. Geography The town lies along the borders of Poland with both, westernmost Belarus and Ukraine, on the banks of the Bug River, from Chełm in Poland and Brest in Belarus; from Terespol, from Lublin, and from Liuboml in the Volyn Oblast of Ukraine. It is close to the Belarusian southernmost strip of the Brest Raion within the Brest Region bordering with north-western Ukraine. History Włodawa was first mentioned in historical records in 1242. The first written mention of the town in an Old Slavonic chronicle which speaks about Prince Daniel staying there, escaping from the Tartars in 1241. In 1446-1447 the surrounding territories were annexed into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the river ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sokółka
Sokółka (; lt, Sokulka, Sakalinė, be, Саку́лка, yi, סאקאלקע, Sokolke) is a town in northeastern Poland, seat of the Sokółka County in Podlaskie Voivodeship. It is a busy rail junction located on the international Warsaw–Białystok–Grodno line, with additional connections which go to Suwałki and the Lithuanian border. History The settlement was founded as a royal village located on the route connecting Knyszyn and Grodno. Sokółka was granted town rights by King Sigismund III Vasa in 1609. The town's layout with its central square is attributed to starost Antoni Tyzenhauz. In the Third Partition of Poland, in 1795, the town was annexed by Prussia, and in 1807 it passed to the Russian Partition of Poland. In 1861, Walery Wróblewski came to Sokółka and founded a secret organization in preparation for a Polish uprising, which broke out in 1863. He was one of the main organizers of the January Uprising in the territory between Białystok and Grod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Węgorzewo
Węgorzewo (until 1946 pl, Węgobork; german: Angerburg, lt, Ungura) is a tourist town on the Angrapa River in northeastern Poland, within the historical region of Masuria. It is the seat of Węgorzewo County in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship and is located not far from the border with Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast. Lake Mamry is close to the town. Etymology The town's names in different languages are derived from local names for European eels, which used to live in the area in great numbers. The German name ''Angerburg'' () is derived from the Old Prussian word for eel, ''Anger'', which the German Teutonic Knights appropriated after conquering the Old Prussians. The Polish name ''Węgorzewo'' (and the older ''Węgobork'') is derived from ''Węgorz'', while the local Lithuanian names ''Ungura'' and ''Unguris'' comes from ''Ungurys''. A Lithuanian variation is ''Angerburgas''. History Beginnings The town was first mentioned in a 1335 chronicle as ''Angirburg'', or "eel cast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Żagań
Żagań (French and german: Sagan, hsb, Zahań , la, Saganum) is a town in western Poland, on the Bóbr river, with 25,731 inhabitants (2019). The town is the capital of Żagań County in the historic region of Silesia. Previously in the Zielona Góra Voivodeship (1975–1998), Żagań has been in the Lubusz Voivodeship since 1999. The town hosts the Polish 11th Armoured Cavalry Division. An American Armored Brigade Combat Team is constantly rotated through the town under Operation Atlantic Resolve. Etymology The town's name probably means "place of the burnt forest" ( Polish: ''żegać'', ''żagiew''): probably referring to the burning of primeval forest by early settlers. If this is correct, it is consistent with the names of nearby places: Żary, Zgorzelec, Pożarów. Geography Żagań is located roughly halfway between Cottbus and Wrocław, approximately 100 meters above sea level and at the centre of the Żagań administrative district. It is about north of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ostróda
Ostróda (; Old Prussian: ''Austrāti'') is a town in northern Poland, in the historic region of Masuria. It is the seat of the Ostróda County within the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship and has approximately 33,191 inhabitants (2009). Ostróda is the largest town in the western part of Masuria, and the second largest in all of Masuria after Ełk. Geography The town lies in the west of the historic Masuria region on the Drwęca river, a right tributary of the Vistula. Lake Drwęca west of the town is part of the Masurian Lake District. Ostróda has become a growing tourist site owing to its relaxing natural surroundings. The National road 7 from Gdańsk to Warsaw, part of European route E77, passes through Ostróda. The Elbląg Canal connects Ostróda with the Baltic coast. History Middle Ages At the site of an original settlement of Old Prussians on an island at the river delta where the Drwęca river flows into Lake Drwęca the town of Ostróda evolved. In 1270 t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karol Świerczewski
Karol Wacław Świerczewski (; callsign ''Walter''; 10 February 1897 – 28 March 1947) was a Polish and Soviet Red Army general and statesman. He was a Bolshevik Party member during the Russian Civil War and a Soviet officer in the wars fought abroad by the Soviet Union including the one against Polish as well as Ukrainian Republics and in Republican Spain. In 1939 he participated in the Soviet invasion of Poland again. At the end of World War II in Europe he was installed as one of leaders of the Soviet-sponsored Polish Provisional Government of National Unity. Soon later, Świerczewski died in a country-road ambush shot by the militants from OUN-UPA. He was an icon of communist propaganda for the following several decades. Life Born in Warsaw in Congress Poland, Karol Świerczewski grew up in a poor working-class family and began working at age 12 in a local Warsaw factory. During the First World War, at the age of 18 he was evacuated in 1915 to Moscow by the Russian Impe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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