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Bolus
Bolus may refer to: Geography * Bolus, Iran, a village in Ardabil Province, Iran * Bolus, or Baulus, an Anatolian village on the site of ancient Berissa Medicine * Bolus (digestion), a ball-shaped mass moving through the digestive tract * Bolus (medicine), the administration of a drug, medication or other substance in the form of a single, large dose * Bolus (radiation therapy), a tissue equivalent substance used in radiation therapy * Bolus tracking, technique used in computed tomography imaging, to visualise vessels more clearly * Triple bolus test, a medical diagnostic procedure used to assess pituitary function People with the name * Bolus of Mendes (3rd century BC), esoteric Greek philosopher * Brian Bolus (born 1934), former English cricketer who played in 7 Tests from 1963 * Frank Bolus (1864–1939), English cricketer for Somerset * Harry Bolus (1834–1911), South African botanist, botanical artist, businessman and philanthropist * Edward John Bolus (1897–?), poet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolus (radiation Therapy)
In radiation therapy, bolus is a material which has properties equivalent to tissue (biology), tissue when irradiated. It is widely used in practice to reduce or alter dosing for targeted radiation therapy. Compensating for missing tissue or irregular tissue shape It must be possible to mould the bolus to fill the tissue space. Lincolnshire and Spier's bolus, which is loosely packed in polyethylene bags, is suitable as the bolus bags take the shape of the skin surface these bags are easily smoothed to achieve a flat surface. Modifying dose at the skin surface and at depth A specific thickness of bolus can be applied to the skin to alter the dose received at depth in the tissue and on the skin surface. A typical example of this is the application of a defined thickness of bolus to a chest wall for post-mastectomy chest wall treatment, to increase the skin dose. The thickness of bolus applied is dependent on the skin dose required and the angle of incidence of the treatment beams. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolus (medicine)
In medicine, a bolus (from Latin ''bolus'', ball) is the administration of a discrete amount of medication, drug, or other compound within a specific time, generally 1–30 minutes, to raise its concentration in blood to an effective level. The administration can be given by injection: intravenously, intramuscularly, intrathecally, subcutaneously, or by inhalation. The article on routes of administration provides more information, as the preceding list of ROAs is not exhaustive. Placement The placement of the bolus dose depends on the systemic levels of the contents desired throughout the body. An intramuscular injection of vaccines allows for a slow release of the antigen to stimulate the body's immune system and to allow time for developing antibodies. Subcutaneous injections are used by heroin addicts (called 'skin popping', referring to the bump formed by the bolus of heroin), to sustain a slow release that staves off withdrawal symptoms without producing euphoria. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolus (digestion)
In digestion, a bolus (from Latin ''bolus'', "ball") is a ball-like mixture of food and saliva that forms in the mouth during the process of chewing (which is largely an adaptation for plant-eating mammals). It has the same color as the food being eaten, and the saliva gives it an alkaline pH. Under normal circumstances, the bolus is swallowed, and travels down the esophagus to the stomach The stomach is a muscular, hollow organ in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and many other animals, including several invertebrates. The stomach has a dilated structure and functions as a vital organ in the digestive system. The stomach i ... for digestion. See also * Chyme * Chyle References Digestive system {{Digestive-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Contrast CT
Contrast CT, or contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT), is X-ray computed tomography (CT) using radiocontrast. Radiocontrasts for X-ray CT are generally iodine-based types. This is useful to highlight structures such as blood vessels that otherwise would be difficult to delineate from their surroundings. Using contrast material can also help to obtain functional information about tissues. Often, images are taken both with and without radiocontrast. CT images are called ''precontrast'' or ''native-phase'' images before any radiocontrast has been administrated, and ''postcontrast'' after radiocontrast administration. Bolus tracking Bolus tracking is a technique to optimize timing of the imaging. A small bolus of radio-opaque contrast media is injected into a patient via a peripheral intravenous cannula. Depending on the vessel being imaged, the volume of contrast is tracked using a region of interest (abbreviated "R.O.I.") at a certain level and then followed by the C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Triple Bolus Test
__NOTOC__ A combined rapid anterior pituitary evaluation panel or triple bolus test or a dynamic pituitary function test is a medical diagnostic procedure used to assess a patient's pituitary function. A triple bolus test is usually ordered and interpreted by endocrinologists. In rare cases, it has been associated with pituitary apoplexy. Process Three hormones (usually synthetic analogues) are injected as a bolus into the patient's vein to stimulate the anterior pituitary gland: * insulin * gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) * thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) The gland's response is assessed by measuring the rise in cortisol and growth hormone (GH) in response to the hypoglycaemia caused by insulin, rises in prolactin and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) caused by TRH and rises in luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) caused by GnRH. Blood glucose levels are also monitored to ensure appropriate levels of hypoglycemia are achieved. History The t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harry Bolus
Harry Bolus (28 April 1834 – 25 May 1911) was a South African botanist, botanical artist, businessman and philanthropist. He advanced botany in South Africa by establishing bursaries, founding the Bolus Herbarium and bequeathing his library and a large part of his fortune to the South African College (now the University of Cape Town). Active in scientific circles, he was a Fellow of the Linnean Society, member and president of the South African Philosophical Society (later the Royal Society of South Africa), the SA Medal and Grant by the SA Association for the Advancement of Science and an honorary D.Sc. from the University of the Cape of Good Hope. Biography Bolus was born in Nottingham, England. He was educated at Castle Gate School, Nottingham. The headmaster George Herbert regularly corresponded with and received plant specimens from William Kensit of Grahamstown, South Africa. Kensit requested that the headmaster send him one of his pupils as an assistant; Harry Bolus d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolus Armenus
Armenian bole, also known as bolus armenus or bole armoniac, is an earthy clay Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material containing clay minerals (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, e.g. kaolin, Al2 Si2 O5( OH)4). Clays develop plasticity when wet, due to a molecular film of water surrounding the clay part ..., usually red, native to Armenia but also found in other places. The term Armenian was later referred to a specific quality of the clay. Originally used in medication, it has also been used as a pigment, as a poliment or base for gilding, and for other uses. It is red due to the presence of iron oxide; the clay also contains hydrous silicates of aluminum and possibly magnesium. Uses Historically, the term bolu or bolus was used only for medicinal earths and Armenian bole was used as an astringent, prescribed against diarrhea, dysentery, and bleeding. References to Armenian bole were made by Theophrastus, Pedanius Dioscorides, Dioscorides (c. 41–90 AD) and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolus Of Mendes
Bolus of Mendes ( grc-gre, Βῶλος ὁ Μενδήσιος, ''Bōlos ho Mendēsios''; fl. 3rd century BC) was a philosopher, a neopythagorean writer of works of esoterica and medicine, in Ptolemaic Egypt. Both the ''Suda'', and a later work mistakenly attributed to Eudokia Makrembolitissa—; ''Bed of Violets'', probably a 16th-century forgery by Constantine Paleocappa—write of a Pythagorean philosopher of Mendes in Egypt. He is described as one who wrote on marvels, potent remedies, and astronomical phenomena. The ''Suda'', however, also describes a separate Bolus who was a philosopher of the school of Democritus, who wrote ''Inquiry'', and ''Medical Art'', containing "natural medical remedies from some resources of nature." However, from a passage of Columella, it appears that Bolos of Mendes and this other Bolus, follower of Democritus, were one and the same person. He seems to have lived following the time of Theophrastus, whose work ('On Plants'), Bolus appears to have ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolus (Belgium)
The bolus or baulus is a brioche pastry based on flour, milk, butter, cassonade and raisins A raisin is a dried grape. Raisins are produced in many regions of the world and may be eaten raw or used in cooking, baking, and brewing. In the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, and Australia, the word ''raisin'' is reserved for the da ..., in spiral shape. It is a Belgian and especially Brussels speciality, similar to '' Zeeuwse bolus'' but with raisins. References {{reflist Buns Belgian cuisine Sweet breads ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brian Bolus
John Brian Bolus (31 January 1934 – 7 May 2020) was an English cricketer who played in seven Test matches from 1963 to 1964. Cricket commentator Colin Bateman stated, "Bolus was essentially an accumulator, dependably totting up 25,000 runs over 20 summers". Life and career Bolus was born in Whitkirk, Leeds, Yorkshire. He learned his cricket with Whitkirk before moving to Leeds in 1953, and then to Bradford. He began his first-class career in his native Yorkshire in 1956, playing for seven years. His first-class debut was Yorkshire versus M.C.C., at Lords, in 1956. He played 107 matches for Yorkshire, with a highest score of 146 not out against Hampshire at Portsmouth in 1960. His best bowling figures were 4 for 40 against Pakistan at Park Avenue in 1962. He moved on to Nottinghamshire in 1963, after Yorkshire opted for a relative unknown, Geoffrey Boycott, who was six years younger. For Nottinghamshire he played 269 matches, with a highest score of 202 not out ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louisa Bolus
Harriet Margaret Louisa Bolus ''née'' Kensit (31 July 1877, Burgersdorp – 5 April 1970, Cape Town) was a South African botanist and taxonomist, and the longtime curator of the Bolus Herbarium, from 1903. Bolus also has the legacy of authoring more land plant species than any other female scientist, in total naming 1,494 species. Early life and education Bolus was born in Burgersdorp, Cape Province, South Africa, on 31 July 1877. She was the daughter of William Kensit and Jane Stuart Kensit. Her parents were both British-born. Her grandfather William Kensit was a serious amateur botanist and specimen collector in South Africa. She attended Collegiate Girls' High School in Port Elizabeth, earned a teaching credential in 1899, and was awarded a BA degree in literature and philosophy by the University of the Cape of Good Hope in 1902. Career She worked as an assistant to her great-aunt Sophia's husband Harry Bolus in his herbarium while she was in college. In June 1913 she becam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolus Herbarium
The Bolus Herbarium was established in 1865 from a donation by Harry Bolus of his extensive herbarium and library to the South African College, which later became the University of Cape Town. Its collection of specimens numbers over 320 000, making it the third largest university herbarium in the Southern Hemisphere. The collection is highly representative of the Cape Flora and also houses many type specimens. The international herbarium abbreviation BOL is used when referring to the Bolus Herbarium. Although the building caught on fire during the 2021 Table Mountain fire, which gutted several other collections in the university including the Plant Conservation Unit, the Bolus Herbarium managed to narrowly escape being destroyed in the blaze. History Dr. Harry Bolus (1834-1911), a rich Cape Town businessman, began his collection in 1865 in Graaff-Reinet, and it is now the oldest functioning herbarium in the country. In 1903 Louisa Bolus who was a grand-niece of Harry Bolus wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
