|
Bolivian Civil War
The Bolivian Civil War, also known as the Federal War (Spanish: ''Guerra Federal'') was a civil war in Bolivia fought from 1898 to 1899. The war saw two factions, a conservative side supported by the political, economic and religious elite of the country with control of the armed forces and who defended a unitary state, and a liberal faction opposed to the policies set by the state and that intended to transform the country into a federation, with support of the peasantry, the indigenous peoples and small Catholic businesses. The conflict was ultimately won by the liberal side, putting an end to decades-long political rule by the Bolivian conservatives and leading to a time of political change called the federal revolution (Spanish: ''revolución federal''). The outcome included the attempted move of the country's capital city from Sucre to La Paz, however subsequent political conflicts challenged this process eventually frustrating a complete move and also hindering the transfo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Government Junta Of Bolivia, 1899
The Federal Government Junta () was a civil-military triumvirate which temporarily assumed power in Bolivia after Liberal party victory in the Federal Revolution of 1899. It was composed of Colonel (later, General) José Manuel Pando, Serapio Reyes Ortiz (previously the Prefect of La Paz Department), and doctor Macario Pinilla Vargas. The Junta was proclaimed on December 12, 1898, led the Liberal effort in the Revolution, and governed Bolivia from April 12 to October 25, 1899. It carried out various institutional reforms and erected public works, such as the construction of the Palace of Government in La Paz. In 1899, a National Convention elected Pando president, replacing the Junta. Precedents During the presidency of conservative Severo Fernández Alonso the so-called Federal Revolution Federal began, a civil war between the elites of La Paz and Sucre, and between liberals and conservatives, aligned respectively with these two cities. After four months of combat, the Liber ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counter-revolutionary
A counter-revolutionary or an anti-revolutionary is anyone who opposes or resists a revolution, particularly one who acts after a revolution in order to try to overturn it or reverse its course, in full or in part. The adjective "counter-revolutionary" pertains to movements that would restore the state of affairs, or the principles, that prevailed during a prerevolutionary era. Definition A counter-revolution is opposition or resistance to a revolutionary movement. It can refer to attempts to defeat a revolutionary movement before it takes power, as well as attempts to restore the old regime after a successful revolution. Europe France The word "counter-revolutionary" originally referred to thinkers who opposed themselves to the 1789 French Revolution, such as Joseph de Maistre, Louis de Bonald or, later, Charles Maurras, the founder of the ''Action française'' monarchist movement. More recently, it has been used in France to describe political movements that reject the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Valparaiso
The ''Treaty of Valparaiso'' was an agreement between Chile and Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ... that ended the War of the Pacific. Signed on April 4, 1884, the third treaty of the war forced Bolivia to give Antofagasta to Chile. References See also {{Law Treaties concluded in 1884 1884 in Chile 1884 in Bolivia Bolivia–Chile treaties Peace treaties Treaties involving territorial changes War of the Pacific Treaties entered into force in 1884 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mariano Baptista
Mariano Baptista Caserta (16 July 1832 – 19 March 1907, Cochabamba) was a Bolivian politician, orator and journalist. An outstanding intellectual of his time, he was a deputy in various periods, Minister of Foreign Affairs (1873-1876) and (1888-1891), President of Congress (1884-1888), Constitutional President of the Republic (1892-1896) and Vice President of the Republic (1884-1888). Early life Youth and studies Son of José Manuel Baptista and Petrona Caserta, he studied law at the '' Universidad Mayor, Real y Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca''. He stood out in his youth for his talent and skills as an orator and public speaker. He received his law degree in 1857, but never practiced as a lawyer. From a very young age, Baptista ventured into journalism. He was founder and director of ''El Porvenir de Sucre'' (1855). A militant Catholic, he was director of the Cochabamba Seminary, as well as a professor of History and Literature. Political care ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gregorio Pacheco
Gregorio Pacheco Leyes (4 July 1823 – 20 August 1899) was a Bolivian businessman and entrepreneur who served as the 21st president of Bolivia from 1884 to 1888. Pacheco won a disputed election that was a virtual three-way tie between him, Conservative leader Aniceto Arce, and Liberal leader Eliodoro Camacho. Pacheco had earned a fortune in the silver mining industry and was one of the country's foremost philanthropists. Early life Beginnings Pacheco was born in Livi Livi, son of José Brígido Pacheco and Josefa Leyes. He studied at the ''Universidad Mayor, Real y Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca'' but did not finish his higher studies, since from a very young age he dedicated himself to mining activity in which he made a rapid and vast fortune. This allowed him to travel to Europe, where he acquired some culture and a lot of experience. He was a first cousin of Narciso Campero. Electoral victory and presidency At a young age he became interested i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aniceto Arce
Aniceto Arce Ruiz de Mendoza (15 April 1824, in Tarija – 14 August 1906) was a Bolivian lawyer and politician who served as the 22nd president of Bolivia from 1888 to 1892. He also served as the fourth vice president of Bolivia from 1880 to 1881 under Narciso Campero. The Aniceto Arce Province is named after him. Early life He was born to Diego Antonio Arce and Josefa Ruiz de Mendoza, both members of the colonial elite within the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata. Arce was a native of Tarija but was educated as a lawyer and resided most of his life in Sucre, where he became one of the country's foremost silver-mining tycoons. Political life Arce was a supporter of José María Linares and his Constitutionalist government, even backing the President when he proclaimed himself dictator. During the Linares regime Arce began his career in Congress during, a role which he would occupy until the 1870s, when Hilarión Daza seized power. Unlike other capable leaders o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eliodoro Camacho
Eliodoro Camacho (1831–1899) was a noted Bolivian politician, party leader, and presidential candidate. The Eliodoro Camacho Province is named after him. Camacho was born in Inquisivi, Department of La Paz, but grew up in Cochabamba. He founded the Liberal Party, which espoused freedom of religion, a stricter separation between church and state, legal acceptance of civil marriages and divorce, and strict adherence to democratic procedures. Camacho also participated as an officer in the 1879-80 War of the Pacific against Chile, and later played a key role in the 1880 Constitutional Convention. Following the establishment of the new post-war order (which he himself authored, along with Conservative Party leader Aniceto Arce), he led the opposition against the Conservatives. He ran for president in 1884, 1888, and 1892. Following three consecutive electoral defeats (ameliorated somewhat by the knowledge that they almost certainly were the result of various degrees of fraud), Cama ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the continents of Asia and Oceania in the west and the Americas in the east. At in area (as defined with a southern Antarctic border), this largest division of the World Ocean—and, in turn, the hydrosphere—covers about 46% of Earth's water surface and about 32% of its total surface area, larger than Earth's entire land area combined .Pacific Ocean . '' Britannica Concise.'' 2008: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. The centers of both the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
War Of The Pacific
The War of the Pacific ( es, link=no, Guerra del Pacífico), also known as the Saltpeter War ( es, link=no, Guerra del salitre) and by multiple other names, was a war between Chile and a Bolivian–Peruvian alliance from 1879 to 1884. Fought over Chilean claims on coastal Bolivian territory in the Atacama Desert, the war ended with a Chilean victory, which gained for the country a significant amount of resource-rich territory from Peru and Bolivia. The war began over a nitrate taxation dispute between Bolivia and Chile, with Peru being drawn in due to its secret alliance with Bolivia. But historians have pointed to deeper origins of the war, such as the interest of Chile and Peru in the nitrate business, the long-standing rivalry between Chile and Peru, as well as political and economical disparities between Chile, Peru and Bolivia. On February 14, 1879, Chile's armed forces occupied the Bolivian port city of Antofagasta, subsequently war between Bolivia and Chile was declare ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Tacna
The Battle of Tacna, also known as the ''Battle of the Peak of the Alliance'' (Spanish: ''Batalla del Alto de la Alianza''), effectively destroyed the Peru-Bolivian alliance against Chile, forged by a secret treaty signed in 1873. On May 26, 1880, the Chilean Northern Operations Army led by General Manuel Baquedano González, conclusively defeated the combined armies of Peru and Bolivia commanded by Bolivian President, General Narciso Campero. The battle took place at the Inti Urqu ''(Intiorko)'' hill plateau, a few miles north of the Peruvian city of Tacna. As a result, Bolivia was knocked out of the war, leaving Peru to fight the rest of the war alone. Also, this victory consolidated the Chilean domain over the Tarapacá Department. The territory was definitively annexed to Chile after the signing of the ''Tratado de Ancón'', in 1884, which ended the war. Tacna itself remained under Chilean control until 1929. Prologue After their success in the Tarapacá campaign, the Chil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilka
Wilka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sulików, within Zgorzelec County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland, close to the Czech border. It lies approximately south-west of Sulików, south of Zgorzelec, and west of the regional capital Wrocław Wrocław (; , . german: Breslau, , also known by other names) is a city in southwestern Poland and the largest city in the historical region of Silesia. It lies on the banks of the Oder in the Silesian Lowlands of Central Europe, roughly .... Gallery File:Wilka (002).jpg, Bus stop shelter File:Wilka (005).jpg, House with the garden File:Wilka (006).jpg, Wooden cross References Wilka {{Zgorzelec-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federal Government Junta Of Bolivia, 1899
The Federal Government Junta () was a civil-military triumvirate which temporarily assumed power in Bolivia after Liberal party victory in the Federal Revolution of 1899. It was composed of Colonel (later, General) José Manuel Pando, Serapio Reyes Ortiz (previously the Prefect of La Paz Department), and doctor Macario Pinilla Vargas. The Junta was proclaimed on December 12, 1898, led the Liberal effort in the Revolution, and governed Bolivia from April 12 to October 25, 1899. It carried out various institutional reforms and erected public works, such as the construction of the Palace of Government in La Paz. In 1899, a National Convention elected Pando president, replacing the Junta. Precedents During the presidency of conservative Severo Fernández Alonso the so-called Federal Revolution Federal began, a civil war between the elites of La Paz and Sucre, and between liberals and conservatives, aligned respectively with these two cities. After four months of combat, the Liber ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Pacific Ocean")
