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Bobadah
Bobadah was a mining village, now a locality, in the Orana (New South Wales), Orana region of New South Wales, Australia. It was also known as Carpina, its official name, although that name was rarely used. It is now a ghost town, with its community hall being its last remaining building. Its population in 2016, including the surrounding area, was 10. It was once a larger settlement associated with the nearby Overflow Mine. Location By road, Bobadah is 563 km north-west of Sydney, 108 km north-west of Condobolin, Condoblin, 111 km south-west of Nyngan and 153 km south-east of Cobar. The two nearest settlements are Nymagee, 53 km to the north-west, and Tottenham, New South Wales, Tottenham, 76 km to the east. History Aboriginal history The site that would become Bobadah is part of the traditional lands of the Wangaaypuwan dialect speakers (also known as Wangaibon) of the Ngiyampaa people. The area is west of the traditional lands of the Wira ...
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The Overflow, New South Wales
The Overflow is a rural locality, bounded rural locality, cadaster, cadastral Lands administrative divisions of Australia, parish and Sheep station, 100 kilometers south of Nyngan, New South Wales. It is located at 32°12′05″S 146°38′31″E on Gunningbar Creek near the junction with the Bogan River and is in Bogan Shire and Flinders County. The locality is 32 kilometers south of the town of Nymagee, and west of Tottenham, New South Wales. The elevation of "The Overflow" is 168 meters above sea level. History The original inhabitants of the area were the Wiradjuri Australian aboriginal tribe. However, anthropologist Norman Tindale believed the area around "The Overflow" was traditional lands of the neighboring Wangaibon a tribe of the Ngiyambaa language, Ngiyambaa peoples, though this may have been due to an error in one of his source materials. Thomas Mitchell (explorer), Thomas Mitchell explored the area around the Bogan River in 1835. "The Overflow" entered the Austr ...
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Bogan Shire
Bogan Shire is a local government area in the Orana region of New South Wales, Australia. The Shire is located adjacent to the Mitchell and Barrier highways and its only significant town is Nyngan. The Municipality of Nyngan was proclaimed on 17 February 1891 with Nyngan having a population of 1,355. Bogan Shire was proclaimed on 7 May 1906. Bogan Shire absorbed the Municipality of Nyngan on 1 January 1972. The Mayor of Bogan Shire Council is Cr. Glen Neill, who is unaligned with any political party. Demographics Incomes According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics during 2003-04 there: *were 798 wage and salary earners (ranked 151st in New South Wales and 484th in Australia, less than 0.1% of both New South Wales's 2,558,415 and Australia's 7,831,856) *was a total income of $26 million (ranked 150th in New South Wales and 484th in Australia, less than 0.1% of both New South Wales's $107 billion and Australia's $304 billion) *was an estimated average income per wa ...
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Ngiyampaa
The Ngiyampaa, also known as the Ngemba, are an Aboriginal Australian people of the state of New South Wales. The generic name refers to an aggregation of three groups, the Ngiyampaa, the Ngiyampaa Wangaaypuwan, and the Ngiyampaa Weilwan, respectively clans of a larger Ngiyampaa nation. Language Their language consisted of varieties of Ngiyampaa, which was composed of two dialects, Ngiyambaa Wangaaybuwan and Wayilwan Ngiyambaa. The Wangaaypuwan (with ''wangaay'') people are so called because they use ''wangaay'' to say "no", as opposed to the Ngiyampaa in the Macquarie Marshes and towards Walgett, who were historically defined separately by colonial ethnographers as Weilwan, so-called because their word for "no" was ''wayil''. The distinction between Ngiyampaa, Wangaaypuwan/Wangaibon and Weilwan traditionally drawn, and sanctioned by the classification of Norman Tindale, may rest upon a flawed assumption of marked "tribal" differences based on Ngiyampaa linguistic discri ...
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Mining Towns In New South Wales
Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth, usually from an ore body, lode, vein, seam, reef, or placer deposit. The exploitation of these deposits for raw material is based on the economic viability of investing in the equipment, labor, and energy required to extract, refine and transport the materials found at the mine to manufacturers who can use the material. Ores recovered by mining include metals, coal, oil shale, gemstones, limestone, chalk, dimension stone, rock salt, potash, gravel, and clay. Mining is required to obtain most materials that cannot be grown through agricultural processes, or feasibly created artificially in a laboratory or factory. Mining in a wider sense includes extraction of any non-renewable resource such as petroleum, natural gas, or even water. Modern mining processes involve prospecting for ore bodies, analysis of the profit potential of a proposed mine, extraction of the desired materials, and ...
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Federation Drought
In Australia, the Federation Drought is the name given to a prolonged period of drought that occurred around the time of Federation in 1901. Though often thought of as a long drought, until the record dry year of 1902 the period was actually one of a number of very dry spells interspersed with wetter weather. Dry conditions gradually became established during the late 1890s and several dry areas joined together to create the end result of a drought covering more than half the continent. Beginnings Except for a widespread El Nino drought in 1888, the late 1880s and early 1890s were a period of extremely heavy rainfall over New South Wales, Queensland and to a lesser extent Victoria and the settled areas of Tasmania and South Australia. Lake Eyre is believed to have filled with water from Cooper Creek in 1886/1887, 1889/1890 and 1894. The wet spell of the early 1890s ended earliest in the area between Melbourne and Sydney, where rainfall in 1894 was below normal even as much o ...
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Ball Mill
A ball mill is a type of grinder used to grind or blend materials for use in mineral dressing processes, paints, pyrotechnics, ceramics, and selective laser sintering. It works on the principle of impact and attrition: size reduction is done by impact as the balls drop from near the top of the shell. A ball mill consists of a hollow cylindrical shell rotating about its axis. The axis of the shell may be either horizontal or at a small angle to the horizontal. It is partially filled with balls. The grinding media are the balls, which may be made of steel (chrome steel), stainless steel, ceramic, or rubber. The inner surface of the cylindrical shell is usually lined with an abrasion-resistant material such as manganese steel or rubber lining. Less wear takes place in rubber lined mills. The length of the mill is approximately equal to its diameter. The general idea behind the ball mill is an ancient one, but it was not until the industrial revolution and the invention of st ...
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Cyanide Process
Gold cyanidation (also known as the cyanide process or the MacArthur-Forrest process) is a hydrometallurgical technique for extracting gold from low-grade ore by converting the gold to a water-soluble coordination complex. It is the most commonly used leaching process for gold extraction. Cyanidation is also widely used in the extraction of silver, usually after froth flotation. Production of reagents for mineral processing to recover gold represents more than 70% of cyanide consumption globally. Other metals are recovered from the process include copper, zinc, and silver, but gold is the main driver of this technology. Due to the highly poisonous nature of cyanide, the process is controversial and its use is even banned in some parts of the world. Cyanide can be safely used in the gold mining industry. A key feature for safe use of cyanide is to ensure adequate pH control at an alkaline pH level above 10.5. At industrial scale, pH control is mainly achieved using lime, as a ...
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Wiradjuri
The Wiradjuri people (; ) are a group of Aboriginal Australian people from central New South Wales, united by common descent through kinship and shared traditions. They survived as skilled hunter-fisher-gatherers, in family groups or clans, and many still use knowledge of hunting and gathering techniques as part of their customary life. In the 21st century, major Wiradjuri groups live in Condobolin, Peak Hill, Narrandera and Griffith. There are significant populations at Wagga Wagga and Leeton and smaller groups at West Wyalong, Parkes, Dubbo, Forbes, Cootamundra, Darlington Point, Cowra and Young. Name The Wiradjuri autonym is derived from , meaning "no" or "not", with the comitative suffix or meaning "having". That the Wiradjuri said , as opposed to some other word for "no", was seen as a distinctive feature of their speech, and several other tribes in New South Wales, to the west of the Great Dividing Range, are similarly named after their own words for "no ...
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Wangaaypuwan
The Wangaaypuwan, also known as the Wangaibon or Ngiyampaa Wangaaypuwan, are an Aboriginal Australian people who traditionally lived between Nyngan, the headwaters of Bogan Creek, and on Tigers Camp and Boggy Cowal creeks and west to Ivanhoe, New South Wales. They are a clan of the Ngiyampaa nation. Ethnonym The tribal ethnonym derives from their word for "no", variously transcribed ''worjai'', ''wonghi'' or ''wangaay''. Language They spoke a distinct dialect of the Ngiyambaa language. The last known speaker was a woman called "Old Nanny", from whom a list of sixty words was collected. She died sometime around 1914. Like other Ngiyampaa people such as the Weilwan, they also referred to themselves according to their home country. Country According to anthropologist Norman Tindale, the Wangaaypuwans' traditional lands extended over some of territory, taking in the headwaters of the Bogan River, the Tiger's Camp and Boggy Cowal creeks. Their area encompassed Trida, Narromin ...
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Flinders County
Flinders County is one of the 141 Cadastral divisions of New South Wales. It is located to the south west of the Bogan River. Flinders County was named in honour of the navigator, hydrographer, and scientist Matthew Flinders Captain (Royal Navy), Captain Matthew Flinders (16 March 1774 – 19 July 1814) was a British navigator and cartographer who led the first littoral zone, inshore circumnavigate, circumnavigation of mainland Australia, then called New Holland ... (1774-1814). Parishes within this county A full list of parishes found within this county; their current LGA and mapping coordinates to the approximate centre of each location is as follows: References {{reflist Counties of New South Wales ...
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Tottenham, New South Wales
Tottenham is a small town in Lachlan Shire in the Central West of New South Wales, Australia. Tottenham is known as “The Soul of the Centre”, a reference to it being the nearest town to the geographical centre of New South Wales. It had a population of 299 at the , including 21 indigenous people (6%) and 20 foreign born people (6%). History Tottenham is at the end of a railway line from Bogan Gate Bogan Gate is a small village in Parkes Shire of the Central West of New South Wales, Australia. At the , Bogan Gate and the surrounding area had a population of 307. Bogan Gate is derived from the local Aboriginal word meaning "the birthpla ..., completed in 1916, with Tottenham Post Office opening on 8 April 1907. Location Tottenham lies in a wheat-growing area. A cairn marks the centre of New South Wales and is located 33 km west-north-west of Tottenham. Beginning in September 2008, the annual Far Cairn Rally for touring motorcyclists has been held at the Tottenh ...
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