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Bivitellobilharzia Nairi
''Bivitellobilharzia nairi'' is a species of Trematoda, trematodes, part of the family Schistosomatidae. This is a fairly new identified endoparasite that was found in 1945 by Mudaliar and Ramanujachari, who first recorded the parasite in India. Researchers collected fecal samples of the Indian rhinoceros and were startled to find ''B. nairi'' eggs. Morphology The morphological characteristics of the egg include a spindle shape and a terminal spine. The eggs are characteristically similar to Schistosoma, schistosome eggs. They also share a distinct similarity with the eggs of the elephant blood fluke. Researchers sequenced specific sections of the fluke egg's DNA and found that the elephant blood fluke and the rhinoceros blood fluke matched sequences with each other. Both species are hosts to the same parasites. The elephant schistosome is able to infect the Indian rhinoceros. Elephants and Indian rhinoceros must share the same physiological structures to be infected by the same ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trematoda
Trematoda is a class of flatworms known as trematodes, and commonly as flukes. They are obligate internal parasites with a complex life cycle requiring at least two hosts. The intermediate host, in which asexual reproduction occurs, is a mollusk, usually a snail. The definitive host, where the flukes sexually reproduce, is a vertebrate. Infection by trematodes can cause disease in all five vertebrate classes: mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fish. Etymology Trematodes are commonly referred to as flukes. This term can be traced back to the Old English name for flounder, and refers to the flattened, rhomboidal shape of the organisms. The etymology of trematode stems from the Greek word ''trēmatṓdēs'', which means "pierced with holes", and refers to the worm's sucker, which pierces a hole in the host while the worm is attached and feeding. Taxonomy There are 18,000 to 24,000 known species of trematodes, divided into two subclasses — the Aspidogastrea and t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Rhino Of Assam, Kaziranga National Park
Indian or Indians may refer to: Associated with India * of or related to India ** Indian people ** Indian diaspora ** Languages of India ** Indian English, a dialect of the English language ** Indian cuisine Associated with indigenous peoples of the Americas * Indigenous peoples of the Americas ** First Nations in Canada ** Native Americans in the United States ** Indigenous peoples of the Caribbean ** Indigenous languages of the Americas Places * Indian, West Virginia, U.S. * The Indians, an archipelago of islets in the British Virgin Islands Arts and entertainment Film * ''Indian'' (film series), a Tamil-language film series ** ''Indian'' (1996 film) * ''Indian'' (2001 film), a Hindi-language film Music * Indians (musician), Danish singer Søren Løkke Juul * "The Indian", an unreleased song by Basshunter * "Indian" (song), by Sturm und Drang, 2007 * "Indians" (song), by Anthrax, 1987 * Indians, a song by Gojira from the 2003 album '' The Link'' Other uses in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schistosoma
''Schistosoma'' is a genus of trematodes, commonly known as blood flukes. They are Parasitism, parasitic flatworms responsible for a highly significant group of infections in humans termed ''schistosomiasis'', which is considered by the World Health Organization to be the second-most socioeconomically devastating parasitic disease (after malaria), infecting millions worldwide. Adult flatworms parasitize blood capillaries of either the mesenteries or plexus of the bladder, depending on the infecting species. They are unique among trematodes and any other flatworms in that they are Dioecy, dioecious with distinct sexual dimorphism between male and female. Thousands of eggs are released and reach either the bladder or the intestine (according to the infecting species), and these are then excreted in urine or feces to fresh water. Larvae must then pass through an intermediate snail Host (biology), host before the next larval stage of the parasite emerges that can infect a new mammal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Journal Of Helminthology
The ''Journal of Helminthology'' is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 1923. It covers all aspects of pure and applied helminthology, particularly those helminth parasites of environmental health, medical, or veterinary importance. According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the journal has a 2014 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a type of journal ranking. Journals with higher impact factor values are considered more prestigious or important within their field. The Impact Factor of a journa ... of 1.421. References External links * English-language journals Zoology journals Cambridge University Press academic journals {{Zoo-journal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Rhinoceros
The Indian rhinoceros (''Rhinoceros unicornis''), also known as the greater one-horned rhinoceros, great Indian rhinoceros or Indian rhino, is a species of rhinoceros found in the Indian subcontinent. It is the second largest living rhinoceros species, with adult males weighing and adult females . Its thick skin is grey-brown with pinkish skin folds. It has a single horn on its snout that grows up to long. Its upper legs and shoulders are covered in wart-like bumps, and it is nearly hairless aside from the eyelashes, ear fringes and tail brush. The Indian rhinoceros is native to the Indo-Gangetic Plain and occurs in 12 protected areas in northern India and southern Nepal. It is a Grazing (behaviour), grazer, eating mainly grass, but also twigs, leaves, branches, shrubs, flowers, fruits and aquatic plants. It is a largely solitary animal, only associating in the breeding season and when rearing calves. Females give birth to a single calf after a gestation of 15.7 months. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nema Fig5
The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) is the largest trade association of electrical equipment manufacturers in the United States. Founded in 1926, it advocates for the industry and publishes standards for electrical products. Notably, the form of US household electrical outlets and plugs is specified by NEMA. Description It was founded in 1926 and maintains its headquarters in Rosslyn, Virginia, in the Washington metropolitan area. Its approximately 350 member companies manufacture products used in the generation, transmission, distribution, control, and end use of electricity. These products are used in utility, industrial, commercial, institutional, and residential applications. The association's Medical Imaging and Technology Alliance (MITA) division represents manufacturers of cutting-edge medical diagnostic imaging equipment including MRI, CT, x-ray, and ultrasound products. Other major end markets include building systems, electrical infrastructure, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indoplanorbis Exustus
''Indoplanorbis'' ''exustus'' is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the ram's horn snail family Bulinidae. The species is widely distributed across the tropics. It serves as an important intermediate host for several trematode parasites. The invasive nature and ecological tolerance of ''Indoplanorbis exustus'' add to its importance in veterinary and medical science. Taxonomy ''Indoplanorbis exustus'' is the only extant species in the genus ''Indoplanorbis''. Description The shell of this species, like all planorbids is sinistral in coiling, but is carried upside down and thus appears to be dextral. The shell of ''Indoplanorbis exustus'' is discoid with rapidly increasing whorls. Each whorl is higher than it is wide. The width of the shell is 5–25 mm. The height of the shell is 4.5–13 mm. Distribution The freshwater snail ''Indoplanorbis exustus'' is found across Iran, Nepal, India, Sri Lanka, Southeast Asi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lymnaea Luteola
''Radix luteola'' is a species of freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Lymnaeidae. Placement of this species within the genus ''Radix'' was confirmed by Correa et al. (2010).Correa C. A., Escobar J. S., Durand P., Renaud F., David P., Jarne P., Pointier J.-P. & Hurtrez-Boussès S. (2010). "Bridging gaps in the molecular phylogeny of the Lymnaeidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata), vectors of Fascioliasis". ''BMC Evolutionary Biology'' 10: 381. . There exist two forms of this species: * ''Radix luteola'' f. ''australis'' * ''Radix luteola'' f. ''ovalis'' Distribution ''Radix luteola'' is a widespread species in south Asia and southeast Asia. Parasites ''Radix luteola'' is the first intermediate host for the trematodes: * ''Schistosoma nasale'' * ''Schistosoma indicum''Liu L. et al. (2010) "The phylogeography of ''Indoplanorbis exustus'' (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) in Asia". ''Parasites & Vectors'' 3: 57. . * ''Schistosoma spindale'' * '' Schistosoma suis'' * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Praziquantel
Praziquantel, sold under the brandname Biltricide among others, is a medication used to treat a number of types of parasitic worm infections in mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fish. In humans specifically, it is used to treat schistosomiasis, clonorchiasis, opisthorchiasis, tapeworm infections, cysticercosis, echinococcosis, paragonimiasis, fasciolopsiasis, and fasciolosis. It should not be used for worm infections of the eye. It is taken by mouth. Side effects in humans may include poor coordination, abdominal pain, vomiting, headache, and allergic reactions. While it may be used during pregnancy, it is not recommended for use during breastfeeding. Praziquantel is in the anthelmintic class of medications. It works partly by affecting the function of the worm's sucker. Praziquantel was approved for medical use in the United States in 1982, and in the European Union in April 2025. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Medic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplostomida
Diplostomida is an order of trematodes in the subclass Digenea. It is synonymous with Strigeatida Poche, 1926. Families Order Diplostomida *Suborder Diplostomata **Superfamily Brachylaimoidea Joyeux & Foley, 1930 ***Brachylaimidae Joyeux & Foley, 1930 ***Hasstilesiidae Hall, 1916 ***Leucochloridiidae Poche, 1907 ***Leucochloridiomorphidae Yamaguti, 1958 ***Moreauiidae Johnstone, 1915 ***Ovariopteridae Leonov, Spasski & Kulikov, 1963 ***Panopistidae Yamaguti, 1958 ***Thapariellidae Srivastava, 1953 **Superfamily Diplostomoidea Poirier, 1886 *** Bolbocephalodidae Strand, 1935 ***Brauninidae Wolf, 1903 ***Cyathocotylidae Mühling, 1898 ***Diplostomidae Poirier, 1886 ***Strigeidae Railliet, 1919 **Superfamily Schistosomatoidea Stiles & Hassall, 1898 ***Aporocotylidae Odhner, 1912 ***Clinostomidae Lühe, 1901 ***Schistosomatidae Stiles & Hassall, 1898 ***Spirorchiidae Stunkard, 1921 Clinostomoidea Lühe, 1901 has been synonymised with Schistosomatoidea Stiles & Hassall, 1898. Refe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waterborne Diseases
Waterborne diseases are conditions (meaning adverse effects on human health, such as death, disability, illness or disorders) caused by pathogenic micro-organisms that are transmitted by water. These diseases can be spread while bathing, washing, drinking water, or by eating food exposed to contaminated water. They are a pressing issue in rural areas amongst developing countries all over the world. While diarrhea and vomiting are the most commonly reported symptoms of waterborne illness, other symptoms can include skin, ear, respiratory, or eye problems. Lack of clean water supply, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) are major causes for the spread of waterborne diseases in a community. Therefore, reliable access to clean drinking water and sanitation is the main method to prevent waterborne diseases. Microorganisms causing diseases that characteristically are waterborne prominently include protozoa and bacteria, many of which are intestinal parasites, or invade the tissues or circul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
