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Bird Families
This article lists living orders and families of birds. In total there are about 11,000 species of birds described as of 2024, though one estimate of the real number places it at almost 20,000. The order passerines (perching birds) alone accounts for well over 5,000 species. Taxonomy is very fluid in the age of DNA analysis, so comments are made where appropriate, and all numbers are approximate. In particular see Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy for a very different classification. Phylogeny Cladogram of modern bird relationships based on Stiller ''et al'' (2024)., showing the 44 orders recognised by the IOC. Subclass Palaeognathae The Palaeognathae or "old jaws" is one of the two superorders recognized within the taxonomic class Aves and consist of the ratites and tinamous. The ratites are mostly large and long-legged, flightless birds, lacking a keeled sternum. Traditionally, all the ratites were place in the order Struthioniformes. However, recent genetic analysis has found ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Penguins At Salisbury Plain (5719466981)
King is a royal title given to a male monarch. A king is an Absolute monarchy, absolute monarch if he holds unrestricted Government, governmental power or exercises full sovereignty over a nation. Conversely, he is a Constitutional monarchy, constitutional monarch if his power is restrained by fixed laws. Kings are Hereditary monarchy, hereditary monarchs when they inherit power by birthright and Elective monarchy, elective monarchs when chosen to ascend the throne. *In the context of prehistory, antiquity and contemporary indigenous peoples, the title may refer to tribal kingship. Germanic kingship is cognate with Indo-European languages, Indo-European traditions of tribal rulership (cf. Indic ''rājan'', Gothic ''reiks'', and Old Irish ''rí'', etc.). *In the context of classical antiquity, king may translate in Latin as ''rex (king), rex'' and in Greek as ''archon'' or ''basileus''. *In classical European feudalism, the title of ''king'' as the ruler of a ''kingdom'' is und ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Struthionidae
Struthionidae (; ) is a family of flightless birds, containing the extant ostriches and their extinct relatives. The two extant species of ostrich are the common ostrich and Somali ostrich, both in the genus ''Struthio'', which also contains several species known from Holocene fossils such as the Asian ostrich. The common ostrich is the more widespread of the two living species, and is the Largest birds, largest living bird species. The extinct genus ''Pachystruthio'' from the Late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene of Eurasia is largest prehistoric animals, one of the largest birds ever. The first species of ''Struthio'' appear during the Miocene epoch, though various Paleocene, Eocene, and Oligocene fossils may also belong to the family.Agnolin et al, Unexpected diversity of ratites (Aves, Palaeognathae) in the early Cenozoic of South America: palaeobiogeographical implications Article in Alcheringa An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology · July 2016 DOI: 10.1080/03115518.2016.118 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emeidae
The lesser moa (family Emeidae) were a family in the moa order Dinornithiformes. About two-thirds of all moa species are in the lesser moa family. The moa were ratites from New Zealand: flightless birds with a sternum but without a keel. They also have a distinctive palate. The origin of the ratites is becoming clearer as it is now believed that early ancestors of these birds were able to fly and flew to the southern areas that they have been found in. Species Currently, six species of lesser moa are recognised, belonging to four genera. These are: * Genus '' Anomalopteryx'' ** Bush moa, ''Anomalopteryx didiformis'' (North and South Island The South Island ( , 'the waters of Pounamu, Greenstone') is the largest of the three major islands of New Zealand by surface area, the others being the smaller but more populous North Island and Stewart Island. It is bordered to the north by ..., New Zealand) * Genus '' Emeus'' ** Eastern moa, ''Emeus crassus'' (South Island, New ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dinornithidae
The giant moa (''Dinornis'') is an extinct genus of birds belonging to the moa family. As with other moa, it was a member of the order Dinornithiformes. It was endemic to New Zealand. Two species of ''Dinornis'' are considered valid, the North Island giant moa (''Dinornis novaezealandiae'') and the South Island giant moa (''Dinornis robustus''). In addition, two further species (new lineage A and lineage B) have been suggested based on distinct DNA lineages. Description ''Dinornis'' may have been the tallest bird that ever lived, with the females standing around tall,Wood, Gerald (1983) and weighing an estimated Amadon, D. (1947) or Campbell Jr., K. & Marcus, L. (1992) in various estimates. However, the males of the genus were much smaller, only around . Feather remains are reddish brown and hair-like, and covered most of the body except the lower legs and most of the head (plus a small portion of the neck below the head). While no feathers have been found from moa chick ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upland Moa
The upland moa (''Megalapteryx didinus'') is an extinct species of moa that was endemic to New Zealand. The species was named by Richard Owen in 1883, and belongs to the ratites, a group of flightless birds with no keel on the sternum. Of all moa species, ''Megalapteryx didinus'' has the best-preserved specimens, which occasionally also show impressions of soft tissue. The upland moa lived on the South Island of New Zealand, and was predominantly found in alpine and sub-alpine environment where it fed on flowers, herbs and other vegetation. After the Māori arrived in New Zealand and started hunting it, the species went extinct around 1500 CE. It was the last remaining moa species. Taxonomy The upland moa was named as ''Dinornis didinus'' in 1883 by Richard Owen from mummified material found in 1878 by H. L. Squires in Queenstown, New Zealand and subsequently sent to the British Museum. The holotype specimen consists of a mummified head and partial neck, and two mummified legs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dinornithiformes
Moa are extinct giant flightless birds native to New Zealand. Moa or MOA may also refer to: Arts and media * Metal Open Air, a Brazilian heavy metal festival * MOA Museum of Art in Japan * The Moas, New Zealand film awards People * Moa (name), including people with the given name or surname * Mohammed Abdellaoue (born 1985), Norwegian football player nicknamed "Moa" Places Buildings * Mall of Africa in Midrand, South Africa * Mall of Alnor in Cotabato City, Philippines * Mall of America, in Minnesota, United States * Mall of Arabia (Dubai) * Mall of Arabia (Jeddah) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia * Museum of Anthropology at UBC in Canada * Nexus Amritsar in Amritsar, India, formerly known as Mall of Amritsar * SM Mall of Asia, in Manila, Philippines ** SM Mall of Asia Arena, an indoor arena in Pasay, Metro Manila, Philippines Islands * Moa (Indonesia), one of the Leti Islands * Moa Island (Queensland), in Australia Rivers * Moa River, in west Africa * Môa River, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apterygidae
Kiwi are flightless birds endemism, endemic to New Zealand of the Order (biology), order Apterygiformes. The five extant species fall into the family Apterygidae and genus ''Apteryx''. Approximately the size of a domestic chicken, kiwi are the smallest ratites (which also include ostriches, emus, rhea (bird), rheas, cassowary, cassowaries and the extinct elephant birds and moa). DNA sequence comparisons have yielded the conclusion that kiwi are much more closely related to the extinct Malagasy elephant birds than to the moa with which they shared New Zealand. There are five recognised species, four of which are currently listed as Vulnerable species, vulnerable, and Little spotted kiwi, one of which is Near-threatened species, near threatened. All species have been negatively affected by historic Deforestation in New Zealand, deforestation, but their remaining habitat is well protected in large forest reserves and national parks. At present, the greatest threat to their surviva ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apterygiformes
Kiwi are flightless birds endemic to New Zealand of the order Apterygiformes. The five extant species fall into the family Apterygidae and genus ''Apteryx''. Approximately the size of a domestic chicken, kiwi are the smallest ratites (which also include ostriches, emus, rheas, cassowaries and the extinct elephant birds and moa). DNA sequence comparisons have yielded the conclusion that kiwi are much more closely related to the extinct Malagasy elephant birds than to the moa with which they shared New Zealand. There are five recognised species, four of which are currently listed as vulnerable, and one of which is near threatened. All species have been negatively affected by historic deforestation, but their remaining habitat is well protected in large forest reserves and national parks. At present, the greatest threat to their survival is predation by invasive mammalian predators. The vestigial wings are so small as to be invisible under their bristly, hair-like, two-bran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Casuariidae
The bird family Casuariidae has four surviving members: the three species of cassowary and the emu. All living members of the family are very large flightless birds native to Australia-New Guinea.Clements, J (2007) Species *† '' Emuarius'' Boles, 1992 (emuwaries) (Late Oligocene – Late Miocene) **† '' E. gidju'' (Patterson & Rich 1987) Boles, 1992 **† '' E. guljaruba'' Boles, 2001 *'' Casuarius'' Brisson, 1760 (cassowary) **† '' C. lydekkeri'' Rothschild, 1911 (Pygmy cassowary) ** '' C. casuarius'' (Linnaeus, 1758) (Southern cassowary) ** '' C. unappendiculatus'' Blyth, 1860 (Northern cassowary) ** '' C. bennetti'' Gould, 1857 (Dwarf Cassowary) *** '' C. b. westermanni'' (Sclater, 1874) (Papuan dwarf cassowary) *** '' C. b. bennetti'' Gould, 1857 (Bennett's cassowary) * ''Dromaius'' Vieillot, 1816 (emu) ** †'' D. arleyekweke'' Yates & Worthy 2019 ** †'' D. ocypus'' Miller 1963 ** '' D. novaehollandiae'' (Latham, 1790) (Emu) *** †'' D. n. diemenensis'' Le Soue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Casuariiformes
The Casuariiformes is an order of large flightless birds that has four surviving members: the three species of cassowary, and the only remaining species of emu. They are divided into either a single family, Casuariidae, or occasionally two, with the emu splitting off into its own family, Dromaiidae. The IOC World Bird List and Cornell Lab of Ornithology's Birds of the World both do not recognize Dromaiidae, placing the emu in the family Casuariidae. All four living members are native to Australia-New Guinea,Clements, J (2007) but some possible extinct taxa occurred in other landmasses. Systematics and evolution The emus form a distinct branch, characterized by legs adapted for running. The total number of cassowary species described, based on minor differences in casque shape and color variations, formerly reached nine. Now, however, only three species are recognized, and most authorities only acknowledge few subspecies or none at all. The fossil record of casuariforms is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
