|
Bifidobacteriales
The Bifidobacteriaceae are the only family (biology), family of bacteria in the order (biology), order ''Bifidobacteriales''. According to the 16S rRNA-based 'The All-Species Living Tree' Project, LTP release 106 published by 'The All-Species Living Tree' Project, the order Bifidobacteriales is a clade nested within the suborder Micrococcineae, also the genus ''Bifidobacterium'' is paraphyletic to the other genera within the family, i.e. the other genera are nested within ''Bifidobacterium''. Genomics In a phylogenetic tree for the order ''Bifidobacteriales'', based on RpoB, RpoC, and Gyrase, DNA Gyrase B, ''Gardnerella vaginalis'' branches between different ''Bifidobacterium'' species, which makes the genus ''Bifidobacterium'' polyphyletic. The genus could be made monophyletic if ''G. vaginalis'' were placed within ''Bifidobacterium''. Comparative analysis of aligned protein sequences has led to the discovery of two conserved signature indels which are specific for the order ''Bi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gardnerella
''Gardnerella'' is a genus of Gram-variable-staining facultative anaerobic bacteria Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one Cell (biology), biological cell. They constitute a large domain (biology), domain of Prokaryote, prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micr .... Eponym It is named after Hermann L. Gardner (1912–1982), an American bacteriologist who discovered it in 1955. References Bifidobacteriales Bacteria genera {{actinobacteria-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gardnerella Vaginalis
''Gardnerella vaginalis'' is a species of Gram-variable-staining facultative anaerobic bacteria. The organisms are small (1.0–1.5 μm in diameter) non-spore-forming, nonmotile coccobacilli. Once classified as ''Haemophilus vaginalis'' and afterwards as ''Corynebacterium vaginalis'', ''G. vaginalis'' grows as small, circular, convex, gray colonies on chocolate agar; it also grows on agar. A selective medium for ''G. vaginalis'' is colistin- oxolinic acid blood agar. Clinical significance ''G. vaginalis'' is a facultatively anaerobic Gram-variable rod that is involved, together with many other bacteria, mostly anaerobic, in bacterial vaginosis (BV) in some women as a result of a disruption in the normal vaginal microflora. The resident facultative anaerobic ''Lactobacillus'' population in the vagina is responsible for the acidic environment. Once the anaerobes have supplanted the normal vaginal bacteria, prescription antibiotics with anaerobic coverage may have to be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micrococcineae
The Micrococcales are an order of bacteria in the phylum Actinomycetota. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Notes See also * Bacterial taxonomy * List of bacterial orders * List of bacteria genera This article lists the genera of the bacteria Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one Cell (biology), biological cell. They constitute a large domain (biology), domain of Prokaryote, ... References Actinomycetia Bacteria orders {{Actinobacteria-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bifidobacterium
''Bifidobacterium'' is a genus of gram-positive, nonmotile, often branched anaerobic bacteria. They are ubiquitous inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract though strains have been isolated from the vagina and mouth ('' B. dentium'') of mammals, including humans. Bifidobacteria are one of the major genera of bacteria that make up the gastrointestinal tract microbiota in mammals. Some bifidobacteria are used as probiotics. Before the 1960s, ''Bifidobacterium'' species were collectively referred to as ''Lactobacillus bifidus''. History In 1899, Henri Tissier, a French pediatrician at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, isolated a bacterium characterised by a Y-shaped morphology ("bifid") in the intestinal microbiota of breast-fed infants and named it "bifidus". In 1907, Élie Metchnikoff, deputy director at the Pasteur Institute, propounded the theory that lactic acid bacteria are beneficial to human health. Metchnikoff observed that the longevity of Bulgarians was the result ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neoscardovia
''Neoscardovia arbecensis'' is a Gram-positive bacterial species, named as a new member of the family Bifidobacteriaceae, which already contained the genus ''Scardovia''. It was isolated from pig slurries in the Spanish village of Arbeca as part of experiments identifying how feces cause water pollution. This species has also been isolated from farms producing traditional Iranian butter, capable of high cholesterol reduction while withstanding bile acids during digestion. ''N. arbecensis'' is an anaerobic and mesophilic species, growing at 37°C, and its genome has 57% GC-content In molecular biology and genetics, GC-content (or guanine-cytosine content) is the percentage of nitrogenous bases in a DNA or RNA molecule that are either guanine (G) or cytosine (C). This measure indicates the proportion of G and C bases out of .... References External links Type strain of ''Neoscardovia arbecensis'' at Bac''Dive'' - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase {{Taxonbar, from=Q ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bifidobacterium Adolescentis
''Bifidobacterium adolescentis'' is an anaerobic species of bacteria found in the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and other primates. It is one of the most abundant and prevalent ''Bifidobacterium'' species detected in human populations, especially in adults. Research into health benefits ''Bifidobacterium adolescentis'' has been studied for its health benefits, as strains have been shown to potentially protect against or improve recovery from several diseases, including liver-related, metabolic, allergic airway, colitis, arthritis, and bacterial infections. Strains have also been demonstrated to possess anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, antioxidant, antidepressant, and/or antiviral activity. In addition, ''B. adolescentis'' strains have been of interest for their ability to metabolize prebiotics such as arabinoxylan, XOS, and GOS. Bifidobacteria typically produce acetic acid and lactic acid, though the exact ratio depends on the bacterial strain, the carbohydrate being m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aeriscardovia
''Aeriscardovia aeriphila'' is a species of bacteria in the phylum Actinomycetota. Etymology The name ''Aeriscardovia'' derives from: Latin masculine gender noun ''aer'' ''aeris'', air; Neo-Latin feminine gender noun ''Scardovia'', a bacterial generic name to honor Vittorio Scardovi, an Italian microbiologist; Neo-Latin feminine gender noun ''Aeriscardovia'', cells similar to the genus ''Scardovia'' that can grow in air. The species epithet (''aeriphila'') drives from: Latin masculine gender noun ''aer'' ''aeris'', air; Neo-Latin adjective ''philus'' from Greek adjective ''philos (φίλος)'' meaning friend, loving; Neo-Latin feminine gender adjective ''aeriphila'', air-loving.) See also * Bacterial taxonomy * Microbiology Microbiology () is the branches of science, scientific study of microorganisms, those being of unicellular organism, unicellular (single-celled), multicellular organism, multicellular (consisting of complex cells), or non-cellular life, acellula ... ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetic Tree
A phylogenetic tree or phylogeny is a graphical representation which shows the evolutionary history between a set of species or taxa during a specific time.Felsenstein J. (2004). ''Inferring Phylogenies'' Sinauer Associates: Sunderland, MA. In other words, it is a branching diagram or a tree showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species or other entities based upon similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics. In evolutionary biology, all life on Earth is theoretically part of a single phylogenetic tree, indicating common ancestry. Phylogenetics is the study of phylogenetic trees. The main challenge is to find a phylogenetic tree representing optimal evolutionary ancestry between a set of species or taxa. Computational phylogenetics (also phylogeny inference) focuses on the algorithms involved in finding optimal phylogenetic tree in the phylogenetic landscape. Phylogenetic trees may be rooted or unrooted. In a ''rooted'' p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amino Acid
Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. Although over 500 amino acids exist in nature, by far the most important are the 22 α-amino acids incorporated into proteins. Only these 22 appear in the genetic code of life. Amino acids can be classified according to the locations of the core structural functional groups ( alpha- , beta- , gamma- amino acids, etc.); other categories relate to polarity, ionization, and side-chain group type ( aliphatic, acyclic, aromatic, polar, etc.). In the form of proteins, amino-acid '' residues'' form the second-largest component (water being the largest) of human muscles and other tissues. Beyond their role as residues in proteins, amino acids participate in a number of processes such as neurotransmitter transport and biosynthesis. It is thought that they played a key role in enabling life on Earth and its emergence. Amino acids are formally named by the IUPAC- IUBMB Joint Commi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
