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Betpak Dala
Betpak-Dala or Betpaqdala (, ''Betpaqdala''; from Turkic ''batpak'', “swampy,” or Persian ''bedbaht'', “unlucky” and Turkic ''dala'', “plain”; Russian: Бетпак-Дала or Сeверная Голодная степь, lit. ''Hungry Steppe'') is a desert zone in the Ulytau, Karaganda, Turkestan, and Zhambyl regions, Kazakhstan. - Great Russian Encyclopedia in 35 volumes / ch. ed. History In Autumn 2014, English explorer completed an expedition to cross the Betpak-Dala to its fullest longitudinal extent, from |
Betpak-Dala Desert
Betpak-Dala or Betpaqdala (, ''Betpaqdala''; from Turkic ''batpak'', “swampy,” or Persian ''bedbaht'', “unlucky” and Turkic ''dala'', “plain”; Russian language, Russian: Бетпак-Дала or Сeверная Голодная степь, lit. ''Hungry Steppe'') is a desert zone in the Ulytau Region, Ulytau, Karaganda Region, Karaganda, Turkistan Region, Turkestan, and Zhambyl Region, Zhambyl regions, Kazakhstan. - Great Russian Encyclopedia in 35 volumes / ch. ed. Yu. S. Osipov History In Autumn 2014, English explorer Jamie Bunchuk completed an expedition to cross the Betpak-Dala to its fullest longitudinal extent, from Lake Balkash in the east to the Sarysu River in the west. He also ran 190 miles, nearly eight marathons, back-to-back, over the course of eight days within the region. An ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zheltau (Jambyl Region)
Zheltau () is an elongated upland located in Jambyl Region, Kazakhstan. Mirny, a mining town in the Moiynkum District, lies at the southeastern end of the Zheltau. The area is a seasonal grazing ground for local cattle. Geography Zheltau is located at the western limit of the Balkhash-Alakol Basin, roughly to the west of the southwestern shore of Lake Balkhash. It extends from northwest to southeast for about . The Betpak-Dala desert lies to the west. The Zheltau stretches northwestwards from the northern end of the Chu-Ili Range, with the Maizharylgan running parallel to its southern stretch. high Mount Zhambyl rises to the southwest of the southern section of the Zheltau.Google Earth The Zheltau upland forms an almost continuous elevated terrain of moderate height. Located near the northern end, high Mount Suykadyr is the highest point. Flora The vast hilly area is covered with resilient grasses such as ''Festuca'', ''Aristida'', ''Calamagrostis'', '' Artemisia'', ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anabasis Salsa
Anabasis (from Greek ''ana'' = "upward", ''bainein'' = "to step or march") is an expedition from a coastline into the interior of a country. Anabase and Anabasis may also refer to: History * ''Anabasis Alexandri'' (''Anabasis of Alexander''), a history of the campaigns of Alexander the Great by Greek historian Arrian * Anabasis (Xenophon), ''Anabasis'' (Xenophon), a history of the expedition of Cyrus the Younger by Greek writer Xenophon * Siberian Anabasis, a literary name for Czechoslovak Legions#Transit through Siberia, the Czechoslovak Legions' transit through Siberia during the Russian Civil War, in reference to the epic of Xenophon Poetry and fiction * "", a 1924 poem by Saint-John Perse * "Anabasis", a 1930 translation of Saint-John Perse's poem by T. S. Eliot * "Anabasis", poem by Paul Celan, published 1963 in ''Die Niemandsrose'' * ''Anabasis'', a 1994 novel by Ellen Gilchrist * ''Anabasis'', a novel of Hellenistic Afghanistan and India by Geoffrey Storey Music * ''Anab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Argillaceous
Clay minerals are hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates (e.g. kaolin, Al2 Si2 O5( OH)4), sometimes with variable amounts of iron, magnesium, alkali metals, alkaline earths, and other cations found on or near some planetary surfaces. Clay minerals form in the presence of water and have been important to life, and many theories of abiogenesis involve them. They are important constituents of soils, and have been useful to humans since ancient times in agriculture and manufacturing. Properties Clay is a very fine-grained geologic material that develops plasticity when wet, but becomes hard, brittle and non–plastic upon drying or firing. It is a very common material, and is the oldest known ceramic. Prehistoric humans discovered the useful properties of clay and used it for making pottery. The chemistry of clay, including its capacity to retain nutrient cations such as potassium and ammonium, is important to soil fertility. Because the individual particles in clay are less than ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solonets
Solonetz (, rus, Солоне́ц, p=səlɐˈnʲɛts) is a Reference Soil Group of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). They have, within the upper 100 cm of the soil profile, a so-called "natric horizon" ("natrium" is the Latin term for sodium). A subsurface horizon (subsoil), higher in clay content than the upper horizon, has more than 15% exchangeable sodium. The name is based on the Russian соль (sol, meaning salt). The Ukrainian folk word "solontsi" means salty soil. In Ukraine, many villages are called Solontsі. Solonetz zones are associated with Gleysols, Solonchaks and Kastanozems. In USDA soil taxonomy, Solonetz corresponds to sodium-rich Alfisols. See also *Chott *Salt marsh *Soil salinity *Solonchak Solonchak (Russian and Ukrainian: Солончак) is a Reference Soil Group of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). It is a pale or grey soil type found in arid to subhumid poorly-drained conditions. The word is Russian for " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solonchak
Solonchak (Russian and Ukrainian: Солончак) is a Reference Soil Group of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). It is a pale or grey soil type found in arid to subhumid poorly-drained conditions. The word is Russian for "salt marsh", which is in turn from the Russian ''sol'' (соль) "salt". See also * Chott *Solonetz Solonetz (, rus, Солоне́ц, p=səlɐˈnʲɛts) is a Reference Soil Group of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). They have, within the upper 100 cm of the soil profile, a so-called "natric horizon" ("natrium" is the Lati ... * Takir * Salt pan * Sor (geomorphology) References * IUSS Working Group WRB: World Reference Base for Soil Resources, fourth edition. International Union of Soil Sciences, Vienna 2022. . Further reading * W. Zech, P. Schad, G. Hintermaier-Erhard: Soils of the World. Springer, Berlin 2022, Chapter 8.3.5. External links profile photos (with classification)WRB homepage profile photos (wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karakoin
Karakoin (; ) is a salt lake in Ulytau District, Ulytau Region, Kazakhstan. It is the largest lake in the district. The area around Karakoin is sparsely inhabited. The lake basin is a seasonal grazing ground for local cattle. Geography Karakoin is an endorheic lake in the Sarysu basin. It is located in an arid zone at the northern edge of the Betpak-Dala. The western lakeshore is nearly straight and rises abruptly from the lake surface, while the eastern is low, marshy and deeply indented. There are some small islands close to the eastern lakeshore.Google Earth The lake fills during the spring thaw, with intermittent rivers Katagansay and Taldyespe flowing into it and bringing the lake to reach a surface of to in years of abundant snowfall. Usually it almost dries completely in the summer. The bottom of the lake is flat and muddy. The mud is reputed to have medicinal properties. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buralkynyn Tuzy
Buralkynyn Tuzy (; ) is a salt lake in Sarysu District, Zhambyl Region, Kazakhstan. Zhailaukol village is located to the south of the southern shore. Geography Buralkynyn Tuzy is a sor-type of lake in the Chu basin. It is located to the west of high Mount Andagul in an arid zone at the southern edge of the Betpak-Dala, north of the lower Chu valley. The Chu river flows westwards to the south of the lake. The western part of the lake basin is flat and the eastern is steep.Google Earth The lake fills during the spring thaw and usually dries up completely in the summer. If it has water at the end of the fall, it does not freeze in the winter owing to its high salinity.''Kazakhstan National encyclopedia'' / Chief editor A. Nysanbayev - Almaty, 1998. ISBN 5-89800-123-9 See also * Kazakh semi-desert *List of lakes of Kazakhstan Excluding the northernmost districts, Kazakhstan consists of endorheic basins, where rivers flow into one of the numerous lakes. The most important ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arys (lake)
Arys (; ), is a salt lake in Syrdariya District, Kyzylorda Region, Kazakhstan. The waters of the lake are mineral-rich, averaging and containing, besides sodium chloride, iodine, fluorine, bromine, boron, zinc, manganese and iron. Geography The lake lies in the western part of the Betpak-Dala semi-desert region, about to the NNE of Kyzylorda town. In the same manner as most lakes in the region, Arys is an endorheic lake which is fed by underground sources located near the shores or along the lake bottom.Арыс '''' in 30 vols. — Ch. ed. |
Sor (geomorphology)
A sor (; ) is a closed drainless depression characteristic of the Central Asian deserts, found especially in Kazakhstan. The sor area is seasonally flooded, forming a lake, which becomes an inland salt marsh and then a Salt pan (geology), salt flat as it dries.''Kazakh traditional system of ethnographic categories, concepts and names;'' in Kazakh National Encyclopedia. Volume 5. Page 226. "Asia Channel" publishing house. Almaty, 2014 The term forms part of some toponyms of Kazakhstan, such as Altybaysor, Aralsor, Atansor, Azhibeksor, Bauzhansor, Karasor, Koksengirsor, Mangisor, Maysor, Meshkeysor, Shandaksor, Sholaksor, Shureksor, Sorasha, Sorkol (Chu basin), Sorkol, Sormoildy, Tuzdysor, Zhaltyrsor, Zhyngyldysor and Sor Tuzbair. Description A sor forms in the flatland of arid areas or deserts. Heavy seasonal rains taking place usually in the spring bring the water to accumulate at the bottom of the depression. The intermittent lake is characterized by a clear-cut coastline. As th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paleozoic
The Paleozoic ( , , ; or Palaeozoic) Era is the first of three Era (geology), geological eras of the Phanerozoic Eon. Beginning 538.8 million years ago (Ma), it succeeds the Neoproterozoic (the last era of the Proterozoic Eon) and ends 251.9 Ma at the start of the Mesozoic Era. The Paleozoic is subdivided into six period (geology), geologic periods (from oldest to youngest), Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian. Some geological timescales divide the Paleozoic informally into early and late sub-eras: the Early Paleozoic consisting of the Cambrian, Ordovician and Silurian; the Late Paleozoic consisting of the Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian. The name ''Paleozoic'' was first used by Adam Sedgwick (1785–1873) in 1838 to describe the Cambrian and Ordovician periods. It was redefined by John Phillips (geologist), John Phillips (1800–1874) in 1840 to cover the Cambrian to Permian periods. It is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek ''palaiós'' (π ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paleogene
The Paleogene Period ( ; also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene) is a geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period Ma (million years ago) to the beginning of the Neogene Period Ma. It is the first period of the Cenozoic Era, the tenth period of the Phanerozoic and is divided into the Paleocene, Eocene, and Oligocene epochs. The earlier term Tertiary Period was used to define the time now covered by the Paleogene Period and subsequent Neogene Period; despite no longer being recognized as a formal stratigraphic term, "Tertiary" still sometimes remains in informal use. Paleogene is often abbreviated "Pg", although the United States Geological Survey uses the abbreviation "" for the Paleogene on the Survey's geologic maps. Much of the world's modern vertebrate diversity originated in a rapid surge of diversification in the early Paleogene, as survivors of the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event took advantage of empty ecolo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
