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Bertram Fox Hayes
Sir Bertram Fox Hayes DSO RD RNR (25 April 1864 – 15 May 1941) was a sea captain with the White Star Line. Life and career Bertram Hayes was born in Birkenhead in Cheshire, He went to sea as a young man serving on windjammers, and gained his Masters Certificate. In 1889 he joined the White Star Line. He was promoted to Master and commanded the '' SS Britannic'', and during the Boer War he took troops to South Africa, carrying 37,000 troops in three years, for which he was awarded the Transport Medal.The New York Times, 16 May 1941, BERTRAM F. HAYES, BRITISH SEA HERO He also served on the White Star Line ships '' Coptic'', '' Teutonic'', '' Germanic'', '' Suevic'', ''Arabic'', the '' Laurentic'', in which he inaugurated the company's Canadian service in 1909, and the ''Adriatic''. Hayes was called as a witness to the British Board of Trade inquiry held after the Titanic disaster, which he attended on 11 June 1912. In his testimony, Hayes was questioned mainly on the s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Birkenhead
Birkenhead () is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, Merseyside, England. The town is on the Wirral Peninsula, along the west bank of the River Mersey, opposite Liverpool. It lies within the Historic counties of England, historic county boundaries of Cheshire, and became part of Merseyside in 1974. At the 2021 United Kingdom census, 2021 census, the built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics had a population of 109,835. Birkenhead Priory and the Mersey Ferry were established in the 12th century. In the 19th century, Birkenhead expanded greatly as a consequence of the Industrial Revolution, leading to a shipbuilding firm which became Cammell Laird. A Great Float, seaport was established. As the town grew, Birkenhead Park and Hamilton Square were laid out. The first street tramway in Britain was built, followed by the Mersey Railway which connected Birkenhead and Liverpool through the world's first railway tunnel beneath a tidal estuary. In the sec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SS Coptic
SS ''Coptic'' was a steamship built in 1881, which was successively owned by the Oceanic Steam Navigation Company, the Pacific Mail Steamship Company, and the Japanese Oriental Steam Ship Co. (''Toyo Kisen Kabushiki Kaisha'') before being scrapped in 1926. She was filmed by Thomas Edison in 1897 in one of his early movies. The movie is currently stored in the Library of Congress. Ship history A sister ship to , ''Coptic'' was built at the Harland & Wolff shipyard in Belfast, for service with the Oceanic Steam Navigation Company's White Star Line. Launched on 10 August 1881, she was delivered on 9 November 1881 and made her maiden voyage from Liverpool to New York on 16 November 1881 under the command of Captain Edward J. Smith, who later commanded on her disastrous 1912 maiden voyage. On the return voyage, a hurricane stove in several of her lifeboats and drowned two seamen who were swept overboard. On 11 March 1882, she sailed from Liverpool to Hong Kong via the Suez Canal, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Commodore (rank)
Commodore is a senior military rank, naval rank used in many navy, navies which is equivalent to brigadier or brigadier general and air commodore. It is superior to a navy Captain (Navy), captain, but below a rear admiral. It is either regarded as the most junior of the flag officers rank or may not hold the jurisdiction of a flag officer at all depending on the officer's appointment. Non-English-speaking nations commonly use the rank of flotilla admiral, counter admiral, or senior captain as an equivalent, although counter admiral may also correspond to ''rear admiral lower half'' abbreviated as Rear admiral, RDML. Traditionally, "commodore" is the title for any officer assigned to command more than one ship, even temporarily, much as "captain" is the traditional title for the commanding officer of a single ship even if the officer's official title in the service is a lower rank. As an official rank, a commodore typically commands a flotilla or squadron (naval), squadron of ship ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RMS Majestic (1914)
RMS ''Majestic'' was a British ocean liner working on the White Star Line's North Atlantic run, originally Ship naming and launching, launched in 1914 as the Hamburg America Liner SS ''Bismarck''. At 56,551 gross register tons, she was the largest ship ever operated by the White Star Line under its own flag and the largest ship in the world until completion of in 1935. The third and largest member of the German ocean liner company Hamburg America Line's Imperator-class ocean liner, trio of transatlantic liners, her completion was delayed by World War I. The liner never sailed under the German flag except on her sea trials in 1922. Following the war, she was finished by her German builders, handed over to the Allies of World War I, Allies as war reparations and became the White Star Line flagship RMS ''Majestic'', replacing the sunk HMHS Britannic, HMHS ''Britannic'', which went down in the Aegean Sea, in November 1916, after hitting a mine laid by SM U-73, SM ''U-73''. She wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SM U-103
SM ''U-103'' was an Imperial German Navy Type U 57 U-boat that was rammed and sunk by during the First World War. ''U-103'' was built by AG Weser in Bremen, launched on 9 June 1917 and commissioned 15 July 1917. She completed five tours of duty under '' Kptlt.'' Claus Rücker and sank eight ships totalling before being lost in the English Channel on 12 May 1918. Sinking In the early hours of 12 May 1918, the surfaced ''U-103'' sighted ''Olympic'', the older sister of , which was carrying U.S. troops to France. The crew prepared to launch torpedoes from her stern torpedo tubes but was unable to flood them in time before the submarine was spotted by ''Olympic'', whose gunners opened fire as the transport ship turned to ram. SM ''U-103'' started to crash dive to in an attempt to turn to a parallel course to the liner. But there was not enough time before the port propeller of ''Olympic'' sliced through the submarine's pressure hull just aft of its conning tower. The crew of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
English Channel
The English Channel, also known as the Channel, is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that separates Southern England from northern France. It links to the southern part of the North Sea by the Strait of Dover at its northeastern end. It is the busiest Sea lane, shipping area in the world. It is about long and varies in width from at its widest to at its narrowest in the Strait of Dover."English Channel". ''The Columbia Encyclopedia'', 2004. It is the smallest of the shallow seas around the continental shelf of Europe, covering an area of some . The Channel aided the United Kingdom in becoming a naval superpower, serving as a natural defence against invasions, such as in the Napoleonic Wars and in the World War II, Second World War. The northern, English coast of the Channel is more populous than the southern, French coast. The major languages spoken in this region are English language, English and French language, French. Names Roman historiography, Roman sources as (or , ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RMS Olympic
RMS ''Olympic'' was a British ocean liner and the lead ship of the White Star Line's trio of liners. ''Olympic'' had a career spanning 24 years from 1911 to 1935, in contrast to her short-lived sister ships, and the Royal Navy hospital ship . This included service as a troopship during the First World War, which gained her the nickname "''Old Reliable''", and during which she rammed and sank the U-boat ''U-103''. She returned to civilian service after the war and served successfully as an ocean liner throughout the 1920s and into the first half of the 1930s, although increased competition, and the slump in trade during the Great Depression after 1930, made her operation increasingly unprofitable. ''Olympic'' was withdrawn from service and sold for scrap on 12 April 1935, which was completed by 1939. ''Olympic'' was the largest ocean liner in the world for two periods during 1910–13, interrupted only by the brief service life ( six-day maiden voyage in April 1912) of the sl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First World War
World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting took place mainly in European theatre of World War I, Europe and the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I, Middle East, as well as in parts of African theatre of World War I, Africa and the Asian and Pacific theatre of World War I, Asia-Pacific, and in Europe was characterised by trench warfare; the widespread use of Artillery of World War I, artillery, machine guns, and Chemical weapons in World War I, chemical weapons (gas); and the introductions of Tanks in World War I, tanks and Aviation in World War I, aircraft. World War I was one of the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflicts in history, resulting in an estimated World War I casualties, 10 million military dead and more than 20 million wounded, plus some 10 million civilian de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sinking Of The RMS Titanic
RMS ''Titanic'' sank on 15 April 1912 in the North Atlantic Ocean. The largest ocean liner in service at the time, ''Titanic'' was four days into her maiden voyage from Southampton, England, to New York City, USA with an estimated 2,224 people on board when she struck an iceberg at 23:40 ( ship's time) on 14 April. She sank two hours and forty minutes later at 02:20 ship's time (05:18 GMT) on 15 April, resulting in the deaths of more than 1,500 people, making it one of the deadliest peacetime maritime disasters in history. ''Titanic'' received six warnings of sea ice on 14 April, but was travelling at a speed of roughly when her lookouts sighted the iceberg. Unable to turn quickly enough, the ship suffered a glancing blow that buckled the steel plates covering her starboard side and opened six of her sixteen compartments to the sea. ''Titanic'' had been designed to stay afloat with up to four of her forward compartments flooded, and the crew used distress flares and ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RMS Adriatic (1907)
RMS ''Adriatic'' was a British ocean liner of the White Star Line. She was the fourth of a quartet of ships of more than , dubbed The Big Four. The ''Adriatic'' was the only one of the four which was never the world's largest passenger ship. However, she was the largest, the fastest, and the most luxurious of the Big Four, being the first ocean liner to have an indoor swimming pool and Victorian-style Turkish baths. She began her career on the brand new route from Southampton to New York before joining, from 1911, her sister ships on the secondary route from Liverpool. They were in fact slow liners intended to provide a service at moderate prices. When World War I broke out, the ''Adriatic'' was among the ships that continued their civilian transatlantic service, while carrying many provisions. In 1917, she was requisitioned and served as a troop transport. After the war, she was refitted several times and was gradually used for cruises, which became her main services in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SS Laurentic (1908)
SS ''Laurentic'' was a United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, British Transatlantic crossing, transatlantic ocean liner that was built in Belfast, Ireland, and launched in 1908. She is an early example of a ship whose propulsion combined Marine steam engine, reciprocating steam engines with a low-pressure Steam turbine#Marine propulsion, steam turbine. ''Laurentic'' was ordered in 1907 with her sister ship SS Megantic, ''Megantic'' by the Dominion Line but completed for the White Star Line. Her regular route was between Port of Liverpool, Liverpool and Port of Quebec, Quebec City. In 1914 ''Laurentic'' served briefly as a Troopship, troop ship, and then served for more than two years as an Armed merchantman#Armed merchant cruisers, armed merchant cruiser (AMC). As an AMC she saw service off West Africa, Colony of Singapore, Singapore, the Bay of Bengal and the Far East. In 1917 two German Naval mine, mines sank ''Laurentic'' off the northern coast of Ireland. Her crew s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SS Arabic (1902)
SS ''Arabic'' was a British-registered ocean liner that entered service in 1903 for the White Star Line. She was sunk on 19 August 1915, during the First World War, by German submarine , south of Kinsale, causing a major diplomatic incident. Construction ''Arabic'' was originally intended to be ''Minnewaska'', one of four ships ordered from Harland and Wolff, Belfast, by the Atlantic Transport Line (ATL), but fell victim to the recession and the shipbuilding rationalization following the ATL's 1902 incorporation into the IMM Co., and was transferred before completion to the White Star Line as ''Arabic''. She was extensively modified before launch with additional accommodation, which extended her superstructure aft of her third mast and forward of her second mast. ''Arabic'' was fitted with twin-screw propellers driven by separate sets of quadruple expansion engines arranged on the builders' "balanced" principle. She had accommodations for 1,400 passengers; 200 in first class, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
