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Bert Baston
Albert Preston Baston (December 3, 1894 – November 16, 1979) was an American football end who played for the Cleveland Tigers of the American Professional Football Conference (APFC) for one season. He played college football for the Minnesota Golden Gophers, where he was an All-American and one of the first great catchers of the forward pass. He was awarded the Navy Cross for "extraordinary heroism" in World War I. He was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1954 Early life and college career Baston was a sports phenomenon in high school, where he played for Saint Louis Park High School in St. Louis Park, Minnesota. Entering the University of Minnesota to study law, he played football on the school's 'elevens' at left end for three seasons beginning in 1914. He was captain of the team his final year. Walter Camp named him on his All-American team both in 1915 and in 1916. His team was recognized with a national championship in 1915, prior to the modern "conse ...
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Minnesota Golden Gophers Football
The Minnesota Golden Gophers football team represents the University of Minnesota in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level. Founded in 1882, Minnesota has been a member of the Big Ten Conference since its inception in 1896 as the Western Conference. The Golden Gophers claim seven College football national championships in NCAA Division I FBS, national championships, including four (1936 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team, 1936, 1940 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team, 1940, 1941 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team, 1941, and 1960 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team, 1960) from the major wire-service: AP Trophy, AP Poll and/or The Coaches' Trophy, Coaches' Poll. Since 2009, the Golden Gophers have played all their home games at Huntington Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The team is currently coached by P. J. Fleck. History The Minnesota Gophers college football team played its first game on September 29, 1882, a 4–0 victo ...
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End (gridiron Football)
In gridiron football, an end is a player who lines up at either end of the line of scrimmage, usually beside the Tackle (American football), tackles. Rules state that a legal offensive formation must always consist of seven players on the line of scrimmage and that the player on each end of the line is an eligible receiver who can catch forward passes. There are two types on offense: the split end, or Wide receiver, wide out, and the tight end. On defense, the position name survives in the name of the defensive end; in function, this position no longer corresponds to its offensive counterparts, which are defended more commonly by the edge rusher (which is sometimes a defensive end depending on Formation (American football), formation) against the tight end and the cornerback against the split end. It is also used in terminology such as an end run. History Before the advent of one-platoon system, two platoons, in which teams fielded distinct defensive and offensive units, play ...
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World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ...
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Bert Baston 1935Dec1
Bert or BERT may refer to: Persons, characters, or animals known as Bert *Bert (name), commonly an abbreviated forename and sometimes a surname *Bert, a character in the poem "Bert the Wombat" by The Wiggles; from their 1992 album ''Here Comes a Song'' *Bert (Sesame Street), fictional character on the TV series ''Sesame Street'' *Bert (horse), foaled 1934 * Bert (Mary Poppins), a Cockney chimney sweep in the book series & Disney film ''Mary Poppins'' * Iron Bert (one half of the two yellow diesels 'Arry and Bert), also in ''Thomas and Friends'' Places *Berd, Armenia, also known as Bert * Bert, Allier, a commune in the French of Allier (pronounced \bɛʁ\) *Bert, West Virginia Electronics and computing *Bit error rate test, a testing method for digital communication circuits *Bit error rate tester, a test equipment used for testing the bit error rate of digital communication circuits *HP Bert, a CPU in certain Hewlett-Packard programmable calculators *BERT (language model) (Bidir ...
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Devil Dog
Devil Dog is a nickname for a United States Marine coined during World War I. History Multiple publications of the United States Marine Corps claim that the nickname "Teufel Hunden"—"Devil Dogs" in English—was bestowed upon the Marines by German soldiers at the Battle of Belleau Wood in June 1918. However, on April 14, 1918, six weeks before that battle began, hundreds of U.S. newspapers ran a fanciful, unsigned wire service report that stated: The American press immediately seized upon the new term, and it was quickly used on a Marine Corps recruiting poster by Charles Buckles Falls in July 1918, showing an American bulldog chasing a German dachshund wearing a ''pickelhaube''. The veracity of the German origin of the term, however, was questioned as early as 1921 when journalist H. L. Mencken wrote that the term was the invention of an American war correspondent. In 2016, Robert V. Aquilina of the United States Marine Corps History Division The United Sta ...
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Battle Of Belleau Wood
The Battle of Belleau Wood (1–26 June 1918) was a major battle that occurred during the German spring offensive in World War I, near the Marne (river), Marne River in France. The battle was fought by the U.S. 2nd Infantry Division (United States), 2nd (under the command of Major general (United States), Major General Omar Bundy) and 3rd Infantry Division (United States), 3rd Divisions along with French and British forces against an assortment of German Army (German Empire), German units including elements from the 237th, 10th, 197th, 87th, and 28th Divisions. The battle has become a key component of United States Marine Corps history. Background In March 1918, with nearly 50 additional divisions freed by the Russian surrender on the Eastern Front (World War I), Eastern Front, the German Army launched a series of attacks on the Western Front, hoping to defeat the Allies before U.S. forces could be fully deployed. A third offensive launched in May against the French between Sois ...
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Captain (United States O-3)
Captain in the U.S. Army (), U.S. Marine Corps (USMC), U.S. Air Force (USAF), and U.S. Space Force (USSF) (abbreviated "CPT" in the and "Capt" in the USMC, USAF, and USSF) is a company-grade officer rank, with the pay grade of O-3. It ranks above first lieutenant and below major. It is equivalent to the rank of lieutenant in the Navy/Coast Guard officer rank system and is different from the higher Navy/Coast Guard rank of captain. The insignia for the rank consists of two silver bars, with slight stylized differences between the Army/Air Force version and the Marine Corps version. History The U.S. military inherited the rank of captain from its British Army forebears. In the British Army, the captain was designated as the appropriate rank for the commanding officer of infantry companies, artillery batteries, and cavalry troops, which were considered as equivalent-level units. Captains also served as staff officers in regimental and brigade headquarters and as aides ...
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5th Marine Regiment (United States)
The 5th Marine Regiment (also referred to as "5th Marines") is an infantry regiment of the United States Marine Corps based at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California. It is the most highly decorated regiment in the Marine Corps and falls under the command of the 1st Marine Division (United States), 1st Marine Division and the I Marine Expeditionary Force (I MEF). Organization The Regiment comprises four infantry battalions and one headquarters company: * Headquarters Company 5th Marines (HQ/5th Marines) * 1st Battalion, 5th Marines (1/5) * 2nd Battalion, 5th Marines (2/5) * 3rd Battalion, 5th Marines (3/5) * 2nd Battalion, 4th Marines (2/4) – (assigned to the 5th Marine Regiment for the purpose of facilitating 4th Marines as a "host" regimental headquarters for battalions on unit deployment program assignments to 3rd MARDIV in Okinawa.) History World War I The unit was activated on 8 June 1917, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, as the 5th Regiment of Marines. They immed ...
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Phi Delta Phi
Phi Delta Phi (), commonly known as Phid or PDP, is an international legal honor society and the oldest legal organization in continuous existence in the United States. Founded in 1869 at the University of Michigan as a professional fraternity, it was designated as an honor society in 2012. It is considered among the world's most prestigious professional organizations. Phi Delta Phi is organized by two branches: legal honor societies and pre-law societies. The legal honor societies, called Inns, are located at law schools. The pre-law societies, called Halls, are for undergraduate membership at U.S. colleges and universities. With a total membership of over 200,000 people, members of Phi Delta Phi include five U.S. presidents, two U.S. vice presidents, 14 Supreme Court justices, and numerous members of Congress, Cabinet members, and ambassadors. History Phi Delta Phi was founded on December 13, 1869 at the University of Michigan Law School by John M. Howard, a first ...
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Phi Sigma Kappa
Phi Sigma Kappa (), colloquially known as Phi Sig or PSK, is a men's social and academic Fraternities and sororities, fraternity with approximately 74 List of Phi Sigma Kappa chapters#Chapters, active chapters and provisional chapters in North America. Most of its first two dozen chapters were granted to schools in New England, New York, and Pennsylvania; therefore its early development was strongly Eastern in character, eventually operating chapters at six of the eight Ivy League schools as well as more egalitarian state schools. It later expanded to the South and West. The fraternity has initiated more than 180,000 members since 1873. According to its Constitution, Phi Sigma Kappa is devoted to the promotion of its three Cardinal Principles: the "Promotion of Brotherhood", the "Stimulation of Scholarship", and the "Development of Character". Phi Sigma Kappa began on March 15, 1873, at Massachusetts Agricultural College in Amherst, Massachusetts, Amherst (now the University of M ...
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Billingsley Report
The Billingsley Report is a college football rating system developed in the late 1960s to determine a national champion. Billingsley has actively rated college football teams on a current basis since 1970. Beginning in 1999, Billingsley's ratings were included as one of seven mathematical formulas included in the Bowl Championship Series (BCS) rankings. Unlike the other mathematical formulas included in the BCS rankings, the Billingsley Report was not prepared by a trained mathematician or statistician. Instead, the Billingsley Report is prepared by Richard Billingsley (born c. 1951), a lifelong college football fan in Hugo, Oklahoma. Billingsley attended Texas Bible College, became a minister and later a consultant in the country music business. He began preparing his own weekly college football ratings as a hobby. Billingsley has also applied his ratings methodology retroactively to select national champions for each year from 1869 to 1870 and from 1872 to 1969. Since 1996, th ...
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