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Belarusian Independence Party
The Belarusian Independence Party ( be, Беларуская незалежніцкая партыя, БНП, ''Biełaruskaja niezaležnickaja partyja'', BNP) was a Belarusian nationalist political organization during the Second World War. Creation The BNP was probably created in 1939—1940 in Vilnius (according to a different version, in Minsk in 1942). The initiator of its creation was padre Vincent Hadleŭski. The organization united predominantly young people. Formally the BNP introduced itself as a patriotic undercover organization fighting for the independence of Belarus, but as a matter of fact its leadership cooperated with the German Abwehr from the very beginning. The BNP started its practical activity in June 1944 by creating several undercover guerrilla troops in Belarus to fight against the approaching Red Army. (according to other sources, the training of such groups has been organized with the help of Abwehr in autumn 1943, especially actively in winter and spring ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belarusian Nationalism
Belarusian nationalism is the nationalism that asserts the nationality of Belarusians. It originated in the first decade of the 20th century. The Belarusian People's Republic, declared on 25 March 1918, was the first manifestation of Belarusian statehood. Belarusian nationalism was faced with the problem of a lack of a Belarusian state prior to the 20th century. This led to the Belarusian nationalists trying to find a Belarusian state in the past. Belarusian nationalists claimed that the states of Polotsk and also the Grand Duchy of Lithuania were actually Belarusian, which was untrue. Some Belarusian nationalists claimed the founders of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania were actually Belarusians and not Lithuanians. This pseudohistorical theory that Belarusians created the Grand Duchy of Lithuania is called Litvinism. Many Belarusian nationalists, especially the BPF Party and Rada of the Belarusian Democratic Republic claim a large part of Lithuania (Vilnius County) as well as l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biełaruskaja Krajovaja Abarona
The Belarusian Home Defence, or Belarusian Home Guard ( be, Беларуская краёвая абарона, , BKA; german: Weißruthenische Heimwehr) were collaborationist volunteer battalions formed by the Byelorussian Central Council (1943–1944), a pro-Nazi Belarusian self-government within ''Reichskommissariat Ostland'' during World War II. The BKA operated from February 23, 1944 to April 28, 1945. The 20,000 strong Belarusian Home Defence Force was formed under the leadership of Commissioner-General Curt von Gottberg, with logistical help from the German 36th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS known as the "Poachers' Brigade" commanded by Oskar Dirlewanger. Creation After the Wehrmacht suffered two major strategic defeats at Stalingrad (in February 1943) and at Kursk (in August 1943) the Germans made some concessions to the Byelorussian collaborators by proposing a Byelorussian quasi-state. Assistance was offered by the local administrative governments from the Sovie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Defunct Political Parties In Belarus
{{Disambiguation ...
Defunct (no longer in use or active) may refer to: * ''Defunct'' (video game), 2014 * Zombie process or defunct process, in Unix-like operating systems See also * * :Former entities * End-of-life product * Obsolescence Obsolescence is the state of being which occurs when an object, service, or practice is no longer maintained or required even though it may still be in good working order. It usually happens when something that is more efficient or less risky r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military History Of Belarus During World War II
Belarus (then known as the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic), was divided between the Soviet Union and the Second Polish Republic when World War II began. The borders of Belarus were greatly expanded in the Soviet invasion of Poland of 1939. In 1941, the country was occupied by Nazi Germany. Following the German military disasters at Stalingrad and Kursk, the collaborationist Belarusian Central Council (BCC) was formed by the Germans in order to drum up local support for their anti-Soviet operations. The BCC in turn formed the twenty-thousand strong Belarusian Home Defence (BKA), active from 23 February 1944 to 28 April 1945. Assistance was offered by the local Soviet administrative governments, and prewar public organizations including the former Soviet Belarusian Youth. The country was soon retaken by the Red Army in 1944. Devastated by the war, Belarus lost significant populations and economic resources. Many battles occurred in Belarusian and neighbouring territory. Bel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belarus In World War II
Belarus (then known as the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic), was divided between the Soviet Union and the Second Polish Republic when World War II began. The borders of Belarus were greatly expanded in the Soviet invasion of Poland of 1939. In 1941, the country was occupied by Nazi Germany. Following the German military disasters at Stalingrad and Kursk, the collaborationist Belarusian Central Council (BCC) was formed by the Germans in order to drum up local support for their anti-Soviet operations. The BCC in turn formed the twenty-thousand strong Belarusian Home Defence (BKA), active from 23 February 1944 to 28 April 1945. Assistance was offered by the local Soviet administrative governments, and prewar public organizations including the former Soviet Belarusian Youth. The country was soon retaken by the Red Army in 1944. Devastated by the war, Belarus lost significant populations and economic resources. Many battles occurred in Belarusian and neighbouring territor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerzy Turonek
Jerzy Turonek ( be, Юры Туронак, translit=Jury Turonak; 26 April 1929 – 2 January 2019) was a Polish-Belarusian historian. He was born in Dukszty into the family of West Belarusian political activist Bronisław Turonek in the Second Polish Republic's Wilno Voivodeship. Biography After World War II, Turonek graduated from the Higher School for Planning and Statistics in Warsaw in 1952, and later worked for the Polish foreign trade chamber where he was analysing the international chemicals market and worked at the European economic commission in Geneva. In the early 1960s, Turonek began researching the Belarusian national movement of the early 20th century, Polish-Belarusian relations in the 20th century, and the history of the Roman Catholic Church. In 1986, he became a Doctor of History. Turonek is the author of monograph ''Białoruś pod okupacją niemiecką'' (Belarus under the German occupation) published in 1993 by Książka i Wiedza. Copies of his monograp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nazi Occupation Of Belarus
German invasion of the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941 led to the military occupation of Byelorussia until August 1944 with the Soviet Operation Bagration. The western parts of Byelorussia became part of the Reichskommissariat Ostland in 1941, and in 1943 the German authorities allowed local collaborators to set up a regional government, the Belarusian Central Rada, that lasted until the Soviets reestablished control over the region. During the occupation, German actions led to about 1.6 million civilian deaths including 500,000 to 550,000 Jews in the Holocaust in Belarus. Background The Soviet and Belarusian historiographies study the subject of German occupation in the context of contemporary Belarus, regarded as the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR), a constituent republic of the Soviet Union in the 1941 borders as a whole. Polish historiography insists on special, even separate treatment for the East Lands of the Poland in the 1921 borders (alias "''Kresy Wscho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smalensk
Smolensk ( rus, Смоленск, p=smɐˈlʲensk, a=smolensk_ru.ogg) is a city and the administrative center of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Dnieper River, west-southwest of Moscow. First mentioned in 863, it is one of the oldest cities in Russia. Population: The city has been destroyed several times throughout its long history because it was on the invasion routes of various empires. Smolensk is known for its electronics, textiles, food processing, and diamond faceting industries. Etymology The name of the city is derived from the name of the Smolnya River. Smolnya river flows through Karelian and Murmansk areas of north-western Russia. The origin of the river's name is less clear. One possibility is the old Slavic word () for black soil, which might have colored the waters of the Smolnya. An alternative origin could be the Russian word (), which means resin, tar, or pitch. Pine trees grow in the area, and the city was once a center of resin processing and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bryansk
Bryansk ( rus, Брянск, p=brʲansk) is a city and the administrative center of Bryansk Oblast, Russia, situated on the River Desna, southwest of Moscow. Population: Geography Urban layout The location of the settlement was originally associated with navigable river-routes and was located in the area of the Chashin Kurgan, where the fortress walls were erected. For reasons that have not yet been clarified, the city changed its location and by the middle of the 12th century had established itself on the steep slopes of the right bank of the Desna on Pokrovskaya Hill (russian: Покровская гора). The foundations of the future urban development of the city were laid even earlier, when around the city-fortress in the 17th century after the Time of Troubles of 1598-1613 on the coastal strip at the foot of the Bryansk fortress the posadskaya "Zatinnaya Sloboda" was upset, and on the upper plateau, between Verkhniy Sudok and White Kolodez - the "Streletskaya Slobod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francišak Alachnovič
Frantsishak Alyakhnovich (March 9, 1883 in Vilnius – March 3, 1944 in Vilnius, be, Франці́шак Ка́ралевіч Аляхно́віч, translit=Francišak Karalevič Alachnovič, russian: Франтишек Ка́рлович Олехно́вич (also Аляхнoвичъ, Франц ОлехновичФранц Олехнович. 2012. ''В когтях ГПУ'' n the Claws of the GPU �ер. с белорус. Е. А. Тараса(Серия: Неизвестная история). Минск: Харвест Frants Olekhnovich. 2012. ''V kogtiakh GPU'' n the Claws of the GPU ranslated from the Belarusian by Ie. A. Taras(Seriia: Neizvestnaia istoriia nknown History. Minsk: Kharvest, 320pp. )) was a Belarusian writer, journalist descended from the Ruthenian nobility. Alyakhnovich was a theatrical writer, director and journalist in West Belarus. He was editor of the newspaper ''Беларускі звон'' (''Biełaruski zvon'') published in Vilnius. In 1926 he dec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michał Vituška
Michal Apanasavič Vituška ( be, Міхал Апанасавіч Вітушка; russian: Михаи́л Афана́сьевич Виту́шко, ''Mikhail Afanasyevich Vitushko''; pl, Michał Wituszka; 5 November 1907 – 7 January 1945) was a Belarusian leader of the ''Black Cats'', a unit of the ''SS-Jagdverbände'', during World War II.Perry Biddiscombe: The SS Hunter Battalions. The Hidden History of the Nazi Resistance Movement'. Tempus, Stroud 2006, p. 66. Biography Michal Apanasavič Vituška was born in the city of Nyasvizh in the Minsk Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Belarus) and studied in Belarusian gymnasiums in Kletsk and Vilnius.Biography at slounik.org (Belarusian) He graduated from a university in |
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