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Battle Of Spicheren
The Battle of Spicheren, also known as the ''Battle of Forbach'', was a battle during the Franco-Prussian War. The German victory compelled the French to withdraw to the defenses of Metz. The Battle of Spicheren, on 6 August, was the second of three critical French defeats. General (later field marshal) Helmuth von Moltke had originally planned to keep Bazaine's army on the Saar river until he could attack it with the 2nd Army in front and the 1st Army on its left flank, while the 3rd Army closed towards the rear. The aging General von Steinmetz made an overzealous, unplanned move, leading the 1st Army south from his position on the Moselle. He moved straight toward the town of Spicheren, cutting off Prince Frederick Charles from his forward cavalry units in the process. Background The French declared war before their troops were in position to invade Germany. The Germans, commanded by Field Marshal von Moltke, began to assemble into three armies, which were to invade Fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franco-Prussian War
The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the War of 1870, was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia. Lasting from 19 July 1870 to 28 January 1871, the conflict was caused primarily by France's determination to reassert its dominant position in continental Europe, which appeared in question following the decisive Austro-Prussian War, Prussian victory over Austria in 1866. According to some historians, Prussian chancellor Otto von Bismarck deliberately provoked the French into declaring war on Prussia in order to induce four independent southern German states—Grand Duchy of Baden, Baden, Kingdom of Württemberg, Württemberg, Kingdom of Bavaria, Bavaria and Grand Duchy of Hesse, Hesse-Darmstadt—to join the North German Confederation. Other historians contend that Bismarck exploited the circumstances as they unfolded. All agree that Bismarck recognized the potential for new ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saarbrücken
Saarbrücken (; Rhenish Franconian: ''Sabrigge'' ; ; ; ; ) is the capital and largest List of cities and towns in Germany, city of the state of Saarland, Germany. Saarbrücken has 181,959 inhabitants and is Saarland's administrative, commercial and cultural centre. It is located on the Saar River (a tributary of the Moselle), directly borders the French department of Moselle (department), Moselle, and is Germany's second-westernmost state capital after Düsseldorf. The modern city of Saarbrücken was created in 1909 by the merger of the three cities of Saarbrücken (now called ''Alt-Saarbrücken''), Sankt Johann (Saarbrücken), St. Johann a. d. Saar, and Malstatt-Burbach. It was the industrial and transport centre of the Saar coal basin. Products included iron and steel, sugar, beer, pottery, optical instruments, machinery, and construction materials. Historic landmarks in the city include the stone bridge across the Saar (river), Saar (1546), the Gothic church of St. Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saarlouis
Saarlouis (; , ; formerly Sarre-Libre and Saarlautern) is a town in Saarland, Germany, capital of the district of Saarlouis (district), Saarlouis. In 2020, the town had a population of 34,409. Saarlouis is located on the river Saar (river), Saar. It was built as a fortress in 1680 and was named after Louis XIV of France. History With the Treaties of Nijmegen, Treaties of Peace of Nijmegen in 1678/79, Lorraine (province), Lorraine fell to France. In 1680, Louis XIV of France gave orders to build a fortification (to defend the new French eastern frontier) on the banks of the river Saar which was called ''Sarre-Louis''. Notable French military engineer, Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban, constructed the town, which would serve as the capital of the Province de la Sarre. The plans were made by Thomas de Choisy, the town's first Gouvenour. In 1683, Louis XIV visited the fortress and granted arms. The coat of arms shows the rising sun and three Fleur-de-lis. The heraldic motto is ''Dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lower Moselle
The Lower Moselle ( or ''Terrassenmosel'') is the name given to the lower reaches of the Moselle river - just under 100 kilometres long - in Germany between Pünderich and the Moselle's confluence with the Rhine at Koblenz. The Lower Moselle landscape differs from that of the Middle and Upper Moselle, much of it forming a narrower valley with high and steep sides in places. On the cut banks of the river that are oriented towards the south and west, vineyards are managed, often on the tiniest, terraced strips of land on steep hillslopes. The upgrading of the Moselle into a waterway for big ships in the 1960s has permanently changed the appearance of the river and its banks. Five changes of level between Koblenz and Zell in order to build locks for large ships have changed a riverbed that was narrow in places and wide in others with gently sloping banks into a canal-like waterway that is contained by artificial walls and rock embankments in the areas of the locks. Geography and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VIII Corps (German Empire)
The VIII Army Corps / VIII AK () was a corps level command of the Prussian and then the Imperial German Armies from the 19th Century to World War I. Originating on 21 June 1815 as the General Command for the Grand Duchy of the Lower Rhine and established on 3 April 1820 as VIII Corps. The headquarters was in Koblenz and its catchment area was the Rhine Province and the Principality of Birkenfeld of the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg. The Corps served in the Austro-Prussian War. During the Franco-Prussian War it was assigned to the 1st Army. In peacetime the Corps was assigned to the V Army Inspectorate but joined the 4th Army at the start of the First World War. It was still in existence at the end of the war. The Corps was disbanded with the demobilisation of the German Army after World War I. Austro-Prussian War VIII Corps fought in the Austro-Prussian War in 1866, seeing action in the Battle of Königgrätz. Franco-Prussian War During the Franco-Prussian War, the Cor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VII Corps (German Empire)
The VII Army Corps / VII AK () was a corps level command of the Prussian and then the Imperial German Armies from the 19th Century to World War I. Originating in 1815 as the General Command for the Province of Westphalia, the headquarters was in Münster and its catchment area was the Province of Westphalia and the Principalities of Lippe and Schaumburg-Lippe. The Corps served in the Austro-Prussian War. During the Franco-Prussian War it was assigned to the 1st Army. In peacetime the Corps was assigned to the III Army Inspectorate which became the 2nd Army at the start of the First World War. It was still in existence at the end of the war in the 7th Army, ''Heeresgruppe Deutscher Kronprinz'' on the Western Front. The Corps was disbanded with the demobilisation of the German Army after World War I. Austro-Prussian War VII Corps fought in the Austro-Prussian War in 1866, seeing action in the Battle of Königgrätz. Franco-Prussian War During the Franco-Prussian War, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
I Corps (German Empire)
The I Army Corps / I AK () was a corps level command of the Prussian and then the German Empire, Imperial German German Army (German Empire), Armies from the 19th Century to World War I. It was established with headquarters in Königsberg (now Kaliningrad, Russia). Initially, the Corps catchment area comprised the entire Province of East Prussia, but from 1 October 1912 the southern part of the Province was transferred to the newly formed XX Corps (German Empire), XX Corps District.German Administrative History Accessed: 5 June 2012 In peacetime, the Corps was assigned to the German Army (German Empire)#Army inspectorate, I Army Inspectorate, which became the 8th Army (German Empire), 8th Army at the start of the First World War. The corps was still in existence at the end of the war, [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guards Corps (German Empire)
The Guards Corps/GK () was a corps level command of the Prussian and then the Imperial German Armies from the 19th century to World War I. The Corps was headquartered in Berlin, with its units garrisoned in the city and nearby towns (Potsdam, Jüterbog, Döberitz). Unlike all other Corps of the Imperial German Army, the Guards Corps did not recruit from a specific area, but from throughout Prussia and the "Imperial Lands" of Alsace-Lorraine. The Corps served in the Austro-Prussian War. During the Franco-Prussian War it was assigned to the 2nd Army. In peacetime the Corps was assigned to the II Army Inspectorate but joined the 2nd Army at the start of the First World War. It was still in existence at the end of the war in the 4th Army, '' Heeresgruppe Kronprinz Rupprecht'', on the Western Front. The Corps was disbanded with the demobilisation of the German Army after World War I. Austro-Prussian War The Guards Corps fought in the Austro-Prussian War against Austria i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
XII (1st Royal Saxon) Corps
The XII (1st Royal Saxon) Army Corps / XII AK () was a Saxon corps level command of the Saxon and German Armies before and during World War I. The Corps was formed as the Royal Saxon Corps on 1 April 1867 and headquartered in Dresden. Initially, it commanded the 1st Royal Saxon Infantry Division in Dresden and the 2nd Royal Saxon Infantry Division in Leipzig. After the XIX (2nd Royal Saxon) Corps was set up on 1 April 1899 as the headquarters for the western part of the Kingdom of Saxony, XII Corps was made responsible for the eastern part of the Kingdom. The Corps was disbanded with the demobilisation of the German Army after World War I. Franco-Prussian War During the Franco-Prussian War, the corps fought in the Battle of Gravelotte, the Battle of Sedan and the Siege of Paris. Order of Battle during the Franco-Prussian War The organization of the XII (Royal Saxon) Corps on 18 August 1870 at the beginning of the Franco-Prussian War was as follows: Commander: General C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
X Corps (German Empire)
The X Army Corps / X AK () was a corps level command of the Prussian and German Armies before and during World War I. X Corps was one of three formed in the aftermath of the Austro-Prussian War (the others being IX Corps and XI Corps). The Corps was formed in October 1866 with headquarters in Hannover. The catchment area included the newly annexed Kingdom of Hanover (thereafter the Province of Hanover), the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg and the Duchy of Brunswick. During the Franco-Prussian War it was assigned to the 2nd Army. In peacetime, it was assigned to the III Army Inspectorate. which became the 2nd Army at the start of the First World War. It was still in existence at the end of the war, in ''Armee-Abteilung'' B, '' Heeresgruppe Herzog Albrecht von Württemberg'' at the extreme southern end of the Western Front. The Corps was disbanded with the demobilisation of the German Army after World War I. Franco-Prussian War During the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71 the a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IX Corps (German Empire)
The IX Army Corps / IX AK () was a corps level command of the Prussian and German Empire, German German Army (German Empire), Armies before and during World War I. IX Corps was one of three formed in the aftermath of the Austro-Prussian War (the others being X Corps (German Empire), X Corps and XI Corps (German Empire), XI Corps). The Corps was formed in October 1866 with headquarters in Altona, Hamburg, Altona. The catchment area included the newly annexed Province of Schleswig-Holstein, the Grand Duchies of Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Mecklenburg-Strelitz and the Hanseatic League, Hanseatic cities of Free City of Lübeck, Lübeck, Hamburg and Bremen (state), Bremen. During the Franco-Prussian War it was assigned to the 2nd Army. The Corps was assigned to the German Army (German Empire)#Army inspectorate, III Army Inspectorate but joined the 1st Army (German Empire), 1st Army at the start of the First World ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IV Corps (German Empire)
The IV Army Corps / IV AK () was a corps level command of the Prussian and then the Imperial German Armies from the 19th Century to World War I. It was established on 3 October 1815 as the General Command in the Duchy of Saxony (''Generalkommando im Herzogtum Sachsen'') and became the IV Army Corps on 30 August 1818. Its headquarters was in Magdeburg and its catchment area included the Prussian Province of Saxony and the adjacent Saxon Duchies (Saxe-Altenburg, Anhalt) and Principalities (Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, Reuss Elder Line and Reuss Junior Line). In peacetime, the Corps was assigned to the VI Army Inspectorate but joined the 1st Army at the start of the First World War. It was still in existence at the end of the war in the 6th Army, ''Heeresgruppe'' ''Kronprinz'' Rupprecht on the Western Front. The Corps was disbanded with the demobilisation of the German Army after World War I. Austro-Prussian War The IV Corps formed part of Prince ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
