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Battle Of Charah
The Battle of Charah (12–17 March 1918) or Charah Expedition took place between the Assyrian Volunteers led by Agha Petros and Malik Khsoshaba against Shekak tribesmen led by Simko Shikak in revenge for the assassination of Mar Benyamin Shimun. Simko Shikak, who was responsible for the murder of the Assyrian patriarch Mar Shimun was staying in the fortress. The fortress had never been conquered despite numerous attempts by the Iranian government. Background In March 1918, Mar Shimun and many of his 150 bodyguards were assassinated by Simko Shikak (Ismail Agha Shikak), a Kurdish agha, in the town of Kuhnashahir in Salmas (Persia) under a truce flag. Following the death of Mar Shimun, Assyrian forces under the command of Agha Petros launched an assault on Simko’s city of Kuhnashahir, bombing it with heavy artillery, resulting in the deaths of approximately 1,500 Kurds. Caught off guard, Simko escaped the city and fled to Charah, where the Battle of Charah would later ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tazeh Shahr
Tazeh Shahr () is a city in the Central District of Salmas County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Demographics Ethnicity The city is populated by ethnic Azerbaijanis who follow Shia Islam. Population At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 8,216 in 1,783 households. The following census in 2011 counted 8,864 people in 2,255 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 8,629 people in 2,385 households. The city sustained damage in the 1930 Salmas earthquake The 1930 Salmas earthquake occurred on in West Azerbaijan province, Iran. The earthquake, which was among Iran's largest, measured 7.1 on the moment magnitude scale and had a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (''Violent''). A damaging foreshock .... See also Notes References Cities in West Azerbaijan province Populated places in Salmas County {{Salmas-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chehriq
Chahriq () (also Chahriq, Chiriq, Charik, Čahrīk or Shimko) is a citadelHoutsma, M. Th. ''et al.'' (1993 reprint) "Salmas" ''E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936'' Volume 4, E.J. Brill, New Yorkpage 118 located in north-western Iran in West Azarbaijan Province, Salmas County, near Chahriq-e Olya and the Turkish border. History The Báb was imprisoned at Chehriq prior to his execution at Tabriz Tabriz (; ) is a city in the Central District (Tabriz County), Central District of Tabriz County, in the East Azerbaijan province, East Azerbaijan province of northwestern Iran. It serves as capital of the province, the county, and the distric ... in 1850. Notes Castles in Iran Buildings and structures in West Azerbaijan province {{WestAzarbaijan-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iraq Levies
The Iraq Levies (Commonly known as the Assyrian Levies) was a majority Assyrian force, and the first Iraqi military force established by the British in British controlled Iraq. The Iraq Levies originated in a local armed scout force raised during the First World War. After Iraq became a British Mandate, the force was composed mostly of Assyrians but also some Kurds and Iraqi Turkmen who lived in the north of the country, while the nascent Iraqi Army was recruited first from the Arabs who had joined the Iraqi Levies and later from the general Arab population (Beth-Kamala). Eventually the Levies enlisted mainly Assyrian soldiers with British officers. The unit initially defended the northern frontiers of the Province of Mosul when Turkey claimed the province and massed its army across the frontiers. After 1928 the prime role of the Levies was to guard the Royal Air Force bases located in Iraq. The Levies distinguished themselves in May 1941 during the Anglo-Iraqi War where Assyria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assyrian Rebellion
The Assyrian rebellion (, "Nestorian Uprising") was an uprising by the Assyrians of Hakkari which was administered by tribal Assyrians at the time. It began in July 1924 and ended on 28 September that same year. This was the first rebellion in the newly formed Republic of Turkey. After the rebellion ended, 8,000 Assyrians were deported into Mandatory Iraq. (Another rebellion by the Assyrian community had taken place in 3–4 September 1924.) Background Assyrians of Tyari and Tkhuma returned to their ancestral land in Hakkari in 1922, shortly after World War I, without permission from the Turkish government. In 1924, the Vali (Ottoman term for governor) of Van wrote to Auli Beg who was the Agha of the village of Chal, telling him to inform the Assyrians in Hakkari not to worry about their visit. The Vali wanted to discuss whether they had come to Hakkari under the force of the British or wanted to live in Turkey as citizens. The Vali stated that if Assyrians were coming to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sayfo
The Sayfo (, ), also known as the Seyfo or the Assyrian genocide, was the mass murder and deportation of Assyrian people, Assyrian/Syriac Christians in southeastern Anatolia and Persia's Azerbaijan (Iran), Azerbaijan province by Ottoman Army (1861–1922), Ottoman forces and some Kurdish tribes during World War I. The Assyrians were divided into mutually antagonistic churches, including the Syriac Orthodox Church, the Assyrian Church of the East, and the Chaldean Catholic Church. Before World War I, they largely lived in mountainous and remote areas of the Ottoman Empire and Persia, some of which were effectively Stateless society, stateless. The Ottoman Empire's nineteenth-century centralization efforts led to increased violence and danger for the Assyrians. Mass killing of Assyrian civilians began during the Persian campaign (World War I), Ottoman occupation of Azerbaijan from January to May 1915, during which massacres were committed by Ottoman forces and pro-Ottoman Kur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Suldouze
The Battle of Suldouze (8–13 April 1918) was a military engagement between the Assyrian Volunteers led by Agha Petros And the Ottoman soldiers led by Kheiri Bey who were stationed in Suldouze. 1,500 Assyrian horsemen overcame the far larger Ottoman force of over 8,000. Background Over the summer of 1915 the Assyrians successfully held off the far bigger Ottoman army, Kurdish militia and tribal forces fighting with the Ottomans. The Ottomans, unable to break the Assyrians, then brought in heavy artillery and ammunition that, together with an overwhelming advantage in numbers and supplies, eventually overwhelmed the lightly armed and outnumbered Assyrians. The Russian Army Corps had promised reinforcements, which came too late. Assyrians defended themselves against tremendous odds and conducted an orderly retreat. Survivors of fighting age joined the Assyrians of northwest Persia, northern Iraq and northeast Syria, including those from Salamas and Urmia to form an Assyrian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urmia Clashes
The Urmia clashes (February 1918) or the Urmia revolt was a series of clashes and an Islamist uprising in the city of Urmia between the Assyrian Volunteers, led by Agha Petros and Malik Khoshaba, against the city mayor Irshad Homayun and his supporters, including General Arshad el Moolk. This was caused by the Russian withdrawal from Qajar Iran due to the Russian Revolution. The motive for the uprising was to exterminate the Christian authority in the region. Background On January 11, the first battle between the Assyrians and the Iranian Government occurred when 55 Assyian soldiers out the 100 stationed left Salamas for Julfa to get clothing for the army where ambushed and killed by the Iranian army, soon after the Iranians attacked the Assyrians stationed in Khoy but where pushed back and the Assyrians would only retain 42 out of the original 100 after these clashes. This incident was quickly delivered to the Patriarch Mar Benyamin Shimun who, after seeing Iranian cavalry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maxim Gun
The Maxim gun is a Recoil operation, recoil-operated machine gun invented in 1884 by Hiram Maxim, Hiram Stevens Maxim. It was the first automatic firearm, fully automatic machine gun in the world. The Maxim gun has been called "the weapon most associated with imperial conquest" by historian Martin Gilbert, and was heavily used by Colonialism, colonial powers during the "Scramble for Africa". Afterwards, Maxim guns also saw extensive usage by different armies during the Russo-Japanese War, the World War I, First and World War II, Second World Wars, as well as in contemporary conflicts. The Maxim gun was greatly influential in the development of machine guns, and it has multiple variants and derivatives. Design The Maxim gun featured one of the earliest recoil-operated firing systems in history. Energy from recoil acting on the breech block is used to eject each spent cartridge and insert the next one. Maxim's earliest designs used a 360-degree rotating cam to reverse the move ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khosrowabad, West Azerbaijan
Khosrowabad (, also Romanized as Khosrowābād; also known as Khosrava and Khoskawa; in ) is a village in Zulachay Rural District, in the Central District of Salmas County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 158, in 44 families. As of 2017, about 60 of the village's residents were Assyrian. See also * Assyrians in Iran * List of Assyrian settlements The following is a list of historical and contemporary Assyrian settlements in the Middle East. This list includes settlements of Assyrians from Southeastern Turkey who left their indigenous tribal districts in Hakkari (or the historical Hak ... References Populated places in Salmas County Assyrian communities in Iran {{Salmas-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cannon
A cannon is a large-caliber gun classified as a type of artillery, which usually launches a projectile using explosive chemical propellant. Gunpowder ("black powder") was the primary propellant before the invention of smokeless powder during the late 19th century. Cannons vary in gauge (firearms), gauge, effective range, mobility (military), mobility, rate of fire, elevation (ballistics), angle of fire and firepower; different forms of cannon combine and balance these attributes in varying degrees, depending on their intended use on the battlefield. A cannon is a type of heavy artillery weapon. The word ''cannon'' is derived from several languages, in which the original definition can usually be translated as ''tube'', ''cane'', or ''reed''. The earliest known depiction of cannons may have appeared in Science and technology of the Song dynasty#Gunpowder warfare, Song dynasty China as early as the 12th century; however, solid archaeological and documentary evidence of cannons do ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tyari
Tyari () is an Assyrian tribe and a historical district within Hakkari, Turkey. The area was traditionally divided into Upper Tyari (''Tyari Letha'') and Lower Tyari (''Tyari Khtetha'')–each consisting of several Assyrian villages. Both Upper and Lower Tyari are located on the western bank of the Zab river. Today, the district mostly sits in around the town of Çukurca. Historically, the largest village of the region was known as Ashitha. According to Hannibal Travis the Tyari Assyrians were known for their skills in weaving and knitting. Before 1915, Tyari was home to Assyrians from the Bet Tyari tribe as well as a minority of Kurds and Armenians. Following the Assyrian genocide, ''Ṭyārāyē'', along with other Assyrians residing in the Hakkari highlands, were forced to leave their villages in southeast Anatolia and fled to join their fellow Assyrian brethren in modern-day northern Iraq ( Sarsink, Sharafiya, Chammike and various villages in the Nahla valley), northeas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
