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Battle Of Ula
The Battle of the Ula or Battle of Chashniki was fought during the Livonian War on 26 January 1564 between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Tsardom of Russia on the (tributary of the Daugava River) north of Chashniki in the Vitebsk Region. The Russian troops, unarmed and moving in a loose formation, were taken by complete surprise and defeated, losing their large wagon train. Background During the Livonian War, Livonia was invaded by the Russian army of Tsar Ivan IV. After defeat in the Battle of Ergeme in 1560, the weakened Livonian Order was dissolved, and the Duchy of Livonia and Duchy of Courland and Semigallia were ceded to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania according to the Treaty of Vilnius (1561). Russia then launched a campaign against Lithuania, capturing Polotsk in February 1563 and threatening further invasion against Vilnius, the capital city. The Lithuanians attempted to negotiate a truce, but the talks failed in November 1563. Battle Two large Russian armies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Livonian War
The Livonian War (1558–1583) concerned control of Terra Mariana, Old Livonia (in the territory of present-day Estonia and Latvia). The Tsardom of Russia faced a varying coalition of the Denmark–Norway, Dano-Norwegian Realm, the Kingdom of Sweden (1523–1611), Kingdom of Sweden, and the Polish–Lithuanian union, Union (later Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Commonwealth) of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569), Kingdom of Poland. From 1558 to 1578, Russia dominated the region with early military successes at Tartu, Dorpat (Tartu) and Narva. The Russian dissolution of the Livonian Confederation brought Poland–Lithuania into the conflict, and Sweden and Denmark-Norway intervened between 1559 and 1561. Swedish Estonia was established despite constant invasion from Russia, and Frederick II of Denmark, Frederick II of Denmark-Norway bought the old Bishopric of Ösel–Wiek, which he placed under the control of his brother Magnus of Holstein ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smolensk
Smolensk is a city and the administrative center of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Dnieper River, west-southwest of Moscow. First mentioned in 863, it is one of the oldest cities in Russia. It has been a regional capital for most of the past millennium, beginning as the capital of an eponymous principality in the 11th-15th centuries, then the Smolensk Voivodeship of Lithuania and Poland, and Smolensk Governorate and Oblast within Russia. It was the main stronghold of the Smolensk Gate, a geostrategically significant pass between the Daugava and Dnieper rivers, and as such was an important point of contention in the struggle for dominance in Eastern Europe, passing at various times between Lithuania, Poland and Russia. In more recent history, it was captured by Napoleon's Franco–Polish forces and Hitler's Germany during their marches towards Moscow, and was the place of the Smolensk air disaster of 2010. It has a population of Etymology The name of the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astikas
Astikas is a Lithuanian surname belonging to the noble Lithuanian family of Astikai, Notable people with the surname include: * (1470–1518 or 1519), Lithuanian nobleman and statesman * Jurgis Astikas (1530–1579) Lithuanian nobleman *Kristinas Astikas (1363–1442 or 1444), Lithuanian noble and statesman *Radvila Astikas Radvila Astikas or Astikaitis (baptized Nicholas; ; died in 1477) was a magnate, a member of the Astikai and founder of the Radziwiłł family. He was a member of the Lithuanian Council of Lords and one of the most influential people in the Grand ... (died 1477), Lithuanian nobleman * (died 1519), Lithuanian statesman, ''voivode'' of Polotsk {{surname Lithuanian-language surnames ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filon Kmita
Filon Kmita (1530–1587), also known as Kmita the Chernobylan, was a noble in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Filon Kmita was notable for conducting counter-intelligence in the Muscovite wars and establishing a spy network in Russia, as well as successfully leading ambush attacks with considerably fewer soldiers than the enemy. Biography Early years and first position Filon Kmita was born in 1530 in the Kiev Voivodeship to the Kmitów noble family as a son of Semion Kmita and Tatiana Kroszyńska. His father participated in battles between the Ukrainian Cossacks and Tatars, and Filon from a young age would be involved in various wars alongside him. Filon Kmita began his service in 1552 as the leader of a small border fortress on the Oster river. Here in 1562, he was noted for repelling a Muscovite regiment of 2,000 soldiers with just 300 horsemen. In the same year, he would gather a regiment of 1,400 soldiers and occupy Chernigov, a Muscovite f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wagon Train
''Wagon Train'' is an American Western television series that aired for eight seasons, first on the NBC television network (1957–1962) and then on ABC (1962–1965). ''Wagon Train'' debuted on September 18, 1957, and reached the top of the Nielsen ratings. It is the fictional adventure story of a large westbound wagon train through the American frontier from Missouri to California. Its format attracted famous guest stars for each episode, appearing as travelers or residents of the settlements whom the regular cast encountered. The show initially starred film actor Ward Bond as the wagon master (replaced after his death in 1960 by John McIntire) and Robert Horton as the scout (eventually replaced by Robert Fuller). The series was inspired by the 1950 film '' Wagon Master'' and the 1930 early widescreen film '' The Big Trail'', both featuring Bond. The series influenced the development of ''Star Trek'', pitched as "''Wagon Train'' to the stars" and launched in 1966. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boyar
A boyar or bolyar was a member of the highest rank of the feudal nobility in many Eastern European states, including Bulgaria, Kievan Rus' (and later Russia), Moldavia and Wallachia (and later Romania), Lithuania and among Baltic Germans. Comparable to Dukes/Grand Dukes, Boyars were second only to the ruling princes, grand princes or tsars from the 10th to the 17th centuries. Etymology Also known as ''bolyar''; variants in other languages include or ; , , ; , ; and . The title Boila is predecessor or old form of the title Bolyar (the Bulgarian word for Boyar). Boila was a title worn by some of the Bulgar aristocrats (mostly of regional governors and noble warriors) in the First Bulgarian Empire (681–1018). The plural form of boila ("noble"), ''bolyare'' is attested in Bulgar inscriptions and rendered as ''boilades'' or ''boliades'' in the Greek of Byzantine documents. Multiple different derivation theories of the word have been suggested by scholars and linguists ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drutsk
Drutsk (, ; , , also known as ''Дрютескъ'' (''Dryutesk'') or ''Дрюческъ'' (''Druchesk'') in the Middle Ages), is a historical town in Belarus, 40 kilometres (ca. 25 miles) west of Mogilev. The town was established in 1078 as an outpost of the Principality of Polotsk on the road from Polotsk to Kiev and Chernigov. According to the Drutsk Gospel, the town was built around one of the oldest Christian churches in White Ruthenia erected in 1001. In the 12th century and 13th century it was a centre of the early medieval Principality of Drutsk, ruled by the dukes of the Polotsk branch of the Rurikid dynasty. Since the 13th century there is only limited information about the town available in the chronicles. In 1524 Drutsk has been burned down by Russians in a war and started to lose its political importance. Exact time and reasons of the town's decline are unknown. Historians estimate the period of decline to between the 15th and 17th centuries. Archaeological resear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz
Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz (, ) ( – 4 August 1579) was a 16th-century Lithuanian noble. He was Grand Pantler of Lithuania from 1559, Elder of Samogitia (1564–1579), Governor of Livonia (1566–1578), Grand Marshal of Lithuania (1566–1579), Count of Shklow 1568, Castellan of Vilnius (1574–1579). He was the elder of Telšiai and Plateliai from 1566, of Rumšiškės from 1568, and of Kaunas from 1569. Early life He was one of the most famous Lithuanian magnates of the 16th century. He was raised a Calvinist. He studied at the Universities of Königsberg (which he entered in 1547), Leipzig (1550), and Wittenberg. He served in the court of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V from 1552 to 1555. He returned to Lithuania in 1555. Military service From 1559, Jan Chodkiewicz defended the Livonian Confederation with the Grand Ducal Lithuanian Army against the Muscovites during the Livonian War. He hired 1,200 cavalry at his own expense to defend Livonia. With the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Sanguszko (Field Lithuanian Hetman)
Prince Roman Fedorovich Sanguszko (; c. 1537 – 12 May 1571) was a soldier and statesman of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. He served as governor (''voivode'') of Bracław and was hetman of Lithuania from 1567 until his death. He fought at the Battle of Ula in 1564 and belonged to the nesuhoizhskoy branch of the House of Sanguszko. Sources * https://ru.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%91%D0%A1/%D0%92%D0%A2/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B8 * Marcin Spórna. ''Słownik najsłynniejszych wodzów i dowódców polskich''. Kraków 2006. * Mariusz Machynia. Sanguszko (Sanguszkowicz) Roman, kniaź z linii niesuchojesko-łokackiej (ok. 1537–1571) / Polski Słownik Biograficzny. — Wrocław — Warszawa — Kraków: Zakład Narodowy Imienia Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, 1993.— Tom XXXIV/4. — Zeszyt 143.— S. 500–505 (пол.). 16th-century births 1571 deaths Roman Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Krzysztof Mikołaj "the Thunderbolt" Radziwiłł
Krzysztof () is a Polish male given name, equivalent to English ''Christopher''. The name became popular in the 15th century. Its diminutive forms include Krzyś, Krzysiek, and Krzysio; augmentative – Krzychu Individuals named Krzysztof may choose to celebrate their name day on March 15, July 25, March 2, May 21, August 20 or October 31. People with the first name Krzysztof * Krzysztof Arciszewski (1592–1656), Polish military man * Krzysztof Bednarski (born 1953), famous contemporary Polish sculptor * Krzysztof Bizacki (born 1973), Polish footballer * Krzysztof Bukalski (born 1970), Polish footballer * Krzysztof Charamsa (born 1972), Polish priest * Krzysztof Chodkiewicz, d. 1652, Polish-Lithuanian nobleman * Krzysztof Cwalina (born 1971), Polish freestyle swimmer * Krzysztof Czerwinski (Krzysztof Czerwiński) (born 1980), Polish conductor, organist and voice teacher * Krzysztof Dabrowski (Krzysztof Dąbrowski) (born 1978), Polish footballer * Krzysztof Głowacki (born 1986 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hrehory Chodkiewicz
Hrehory Chodkiewicz (, ; – 9 November 1572) was a Ruthenian noble and military officer of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. He was a son of Aleksander, brother of Hieronim and Yurii, and uncle of Jan Hieronimowicz Chodkiewicz. He commanded the Grand Ducal Lithuanian Army during the latter part of the Livonian War after he had become the Grand Hetman of Lithuania in 1566. Early career Chodkiewicz was long held to have been born around 1505. However, Lithuania historian Genutė Kirkienė noted that in such a case Chodkiewicz began his political career in his mid-forties, when most nobles started in late twenties or early thirties. Kirkienė suggested that his father's marriage and birth of children should be moved from 1500s to mid-1510s. As a young boy Chodkiewicz was sent to the court of Albert, Duke of Prussia. He returned in 1532 with personal recommendation letters from Albert to King Sigismund I the Old, Prince Sigismund II Augustus and Queen Bona Sforza. The relationsh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lukoml
Lukoml (, ) is an agrotown in Chashniki District, Vitebsk Region, Belarus. It is situated by Lake Lukoml and serves as the administrative center of Lukoml selsoviet. History Early references to Lukoml in Russian chronicles are dated by 1078, when it was burned by Vladimir Monomakh. In 15-16th centuries it constituted a separate principality. In 1563, it was burned down by Russians. In the pre-1917 Russian Empire, it was a ''shtetl'' of about 1,000 inhabitants with one Orthodox church, one Catholic church, two synagogues, one school and 8 shops. There are remnants of ancient fortification A fortification (also called a fort, fortress, fastness, or stronghold) is a military construction designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Lati ...s by the village. Sources * {{coord, 54, 43, N, 29, 09, E, source:kolossus-plwiki, display=title Populated places in Vitebsk region Chas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
