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Battle Of Mount Csindrel
The Battle of Mount Csindrel was a World War I military engagement between German and Romanian forces. It was part of the 1916 Battle of Transylvania and resulted in a tactical victory for the Romanians. Background After launching his successful initial offensives at Petrozsény (Petroșani) and Nagyszeben (Sibiu/Hermannstadt), the commander of the Romanian 1st Army – General Ioan Culcer – placed a company of infantry in the wild and mountainous area which separates the Olt and Jiu Valleys. The area was enormous: the two valleys are 45 miles apart. Normally, keeping surveillance over such a large area with only one company of soldiers would be impossible, but the Romanians also disposed of border guards and customs officials scattered throughout the mountains, and most of these posts had telephones for reporting activity. Having assembled at the Zsinna ( Jina/Sinna) Monastery near the foot of the Szeben (Cindrel) Mountains, the '' Alpenkorps'' departed at 6 a.m. on 23 Sept ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Transylvania
The Battle of Transylvania was the first major operation of Romania during World War I, beginning on 27 August 1916. It started as an attempt by the Romanian Army to seize Transylvania, and potentially knock Austria-Hungary out of the war. Although initially successful, the offensive was brought to a halt after Bulgaria's attack on Dobruja. Coupled with a successful German and Austro-Hungarian counterattack which started in mid-September, the Romanian Army was eventually forced to retreat back to the Carpathians by mid-October. The Romanian armies however managed to escape the Central Powers' attempts to completely destroy them. The Battle of Transylvania also caused the replacement of the chief of staff of the German Army and the shifting of German attention to the region, causing German offensive operations at Verdun to cease. Background Although bound by the pre-war Triple Alliance to the Central Powers, Romania instead joined the Triple Entente in August 1916, following the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olt (river)
The Olt ( Romanian and Hungarian; ; or ', , ''Alytos'') is a river in Romania. It is long, and its basin area is . It is the longest river flowing exclusively through Romania. Its average discharge at the mouth is . It originates in the Hășmaș Mountains of the eastern Carpathian Mountains, near Bălan, rising close to the headwaters of the river Mureș. The Olt flows through the Romanian counties of Harghita, Covasna, Brașov, Sibiu, Vâlcea, and Olt. The river was known as ''Alutus'' or ''Aluta'' in Roman antiquity. Olt County and the historical province of Oltenia are named after the river. Sfântu Gheorghe, Râmnicu Vâlcea and Slatina are the main cities on the river Olt. The Olt flows into the Danube river near Turnu Măgurele. Settlements The main cities along the river Olt are Miercurea Ciuc, Sfântu Gheorghe, Făgăraș, Râmnicu Vâlcea and Slatina. The Olt passes through the following communes, from source to mouth: Bălan, Sândominic, To ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bloomsbury Publishing
Bloomsbury Publishing plc is a British worldwide publishing house of fiction and non-fiction. Bloomsbury's head office is located on Bedford Square in Bloomsbury, an area of the London Borough of Camden. It has a US publishing office located in New York City, an India publishing office in New Delhi, an Australian sales office in Sydney CBD, and other publishing offices in the UK, including in Oxford. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index. History The company was founded in 1986 by Nigel Newton, who had previously been employed by other publishing companies. It was floated as a public registered company in 1994, raising £5.5 million, which was used to fund expansion of the company into paperback and children's books. A rights issue of shares in 1998 further raised £6.1 million, which was used to expand the company, in particular to found a U.S. branch. In 1998, Bloomsbury USA was established. Bloomsbury USA Books for Young Read ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erich Von Falkenhayn
Erich Georg Sebastian Anton von Falkenhayn (11 September 1861 – 8 April 1922) was a German general and Ottoman Field Marshal who served as Prussian Minister of War and Chief of the German General Staff during the First World War. Falkenhayn replaced General Helmuth von Moltke the Younger in September 1914 after his invasion of France was stopped at the First Battle of the Marne and was in turn removed on 29 August 1916 after the failure of his offensive strategy in the west at the Battle of Verdun, the opening of the Battle of the Somme, the Brusilov Offensive and the Romanian entry into the war. Having planned to win the war before 1917, the German army was reduced to hanging on. Falkenhayn was given important field commands in Romania and Syria. As a commander in the Middle East, he prevented a planned Ottoman deportation of Jews from Palestine. His reputation as a war leader was attacked in Germany during and after the war, especially by the faction supporting Field ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oașa Dam
Oașa Dam is a large dam on the river Sebeș in Romania. The project was started and finished in the 1980s and it was made up by the construction of a reinforced concrete facing rockfilled dam 91 m high. The Gâlceag hydropower Hydropower (from Ancient Greek -, "water"), also known as water power or water energy, is the use of falling or fast-running water to Electricity generation, produce electricity or to power machines. This is achieved by energy transformation, ... plant is equipped with two turbines, having an installed capacity of 150 MW. The power station generates 260 GWh of electricity per year. External links Description Hydroelectric power stations in Romania Dams in Romania {{Europe-dam-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voineasa, Vâlcea
Voineasa is a commune located in Vâlcea County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Valea Măceșului, Voineasa, and Voineșița. Situated on the valley of the Lotru River, the commune is also a spa resort, with a Communist Communism () is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, di ...-era hotel dominating the locality, as well as several other tourist facilities. upstream of the valley is Vidra Lake, one of the largest dams and reservoirs in Romania, built between 1965 and 1972, and also the newly built Transalpina ski resort on lake's shore (Transalpina Resort is not on Transalpina Road but is connected to it by road). Natives * Alexandru Ionuț Popescu (born 1998), footballer References Communes in Vâlcea County Localities in Oltenia Spa towns in Romania [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turnu Roșu Pass
Turnu Roșu Pass (, , , , all of these names meaning ''Red Tower Pass'' in the respective languages) is a mountain pass in the Romanian Carpathian Mountains, Carpathians, connecting Vâlcea County (Wallachia) and Sibiu County (Transylvania). It is formed by the Olt River flowing southwards from Transylvania to Wallachia through the Southern Carpathians. References Mountain passes of Romania Mountain passes of the Carpathians {{Romania-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indiana University Press
Indiana University Press, also known as IU Press, is an academic publisher founded in 1950 at Indiana University that specializes in the humanities and social sciences. Its headquarters are located in Bloomington, Indiana. IU Press publishes approximately 100 new books annually, in addition to 38 academic journals, and maintains a current catalog comprising some 2,000 titles. Indiana University Press primarily publishes in the following areas: African, African American, Asian, cultural, Jewish, Holocaust, Middle Eastern studies, Russian and Eastern European, and women's and gender studies; anthropology, film studies, folklore, history, bioethics, music, paleontology, philanthropy, philosophy, and religion. IU Press undertakes extensive regional publishing under its Quarry Books imprint. History IU Press began in 1950 as part of Indiana University's post-war growth under President Herman B Wells. Bernard Perry, son of Harvard philosophy professor Ralph Barton Per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tălmaciu
Tălmaciu (; ) is a town in Sibiu County, in central Romania, south of the county seat, Sibiu. It lies on the eastern end of the Mărginimea Sibiului area. Geography Tălmaciu is situated at the confluence of the Sadu and Cibin rivers, before the confluence of the Cibin with the Olt River. It lies on one of the main access routes between Transylvania and Wallachia, at the northern entrance of the Turnu Roșu Pass; the European route E81 passes through it. The town administers two villages: *Colonia Tălmaciu (''Feltrinellitelep''), to the north; *Tălmăcel (''Kistalmács''), to the west. It also administered four other villages until 2004, when they were split off to form Boița Commune. Demographics At the 2011 census, the town had a population of 6,527; of those, 95.3% were Romanians, 3.3% Roma, 0.8% Hungarians, and 0.6% Germans. At the 2021 census, Tălmaciu had 6,711 inhabitants. History The first documents referring to Tălmaciu (Tholmach) are from 1318. After ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ioan Popovici (divisional General)
Ioan Popovici (16 August 1857 – 6 August 1956) was a Romanian general and commander of the Romanian 1st Army Corps from 1916 to 1918 during World War I. Born in Galați, he attended the (Military Infantry and Cavalry School) in Bucharest from 1879 to 1881. Afterward he rose through the ranks until he became a divisional general in 1916 as World War I was raging, engulfing Romania. He was known as "''Provincialul''" ("The Provincial") because of his ineptitude. In World War I, he took command on 3 September 1916 of the First Army Corps, which was subordinated to the First Army, under the command of Ioan Culcer. The 1st Corps comprised the 13th Division (under the command of and after 10 September of ), the 23rd Division ( Matei Castriș), and the 1st ''Călărași'' Brigade (Oprescu). In September 1916, Popovici fought at the First Battle of Petroșani. The loss suffered by his command a few days later at the Battle of Sibiu led to his forced retirement. He died in Buc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franz Ritter Von Epp
Franz Ritter von Epp (born Franz Epp; from 1918 as Ritter von Epp; 16 October 1868 – 31 January 1947)Lilla, Joachim: Epp, Franz Ritter v.'. In: Staatsminister, leitende Verwaltungsbeamte und (NS-)Funktionsträger in Bayern 1918 bis 1945. Bayerische Landesbibliothek Online. Retrieved on 12 November 2015.Epp's death date is often erroneously given as 31 December 1946. According to Lilla, Staatsminister, this error was replicated from the . The correct date, 31 January 1947, is confirmed by Epp's death certificate in the civil registry of Munich. was a German general and politician who started his military career in the Bavarian Army. Successful wartime military service earned him a knighthood in 1916. After the end of World War I and the dissolution of the German Empire, Epp was a commanding officer in the and the . His unit, the ''Freikorps Epp'', was responsible for numerous massacres during the crushing of the Bavarian Soviet Republic. He was a member of Bavarian Peopl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jäger (infantry)
(; ; , ) is a German military term referring to specific light infantry units. In German-speaking states during the early modern era, the term ''jäger'' came to denote light infantrymen whose civilian occupations (mostly hunters and foresters) made them well-suited to patrolling and skirmishing, on an individual and independent basis, rather than as part of a large-scale military unit or traditional line infantry. As a consequence, ''jäger'' was used to describe skirmishers, scouts, sharpshooters and runners. The word's usage and derivatives broadened over time. For instance, was the name given by the Prussian Army to scouts and runners. Conversely, in the modern German army (), is the name given to military police. is usually translated into English as: * " rifleman" (in an infantry role) or "Rifles" (in regimental names); and * " ranger" (especially in North American English; see below). In English is often written as (both pl. and sgl., which is the alternat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
