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Battle Of Fushun
The Battle of Fushun was the first military conflict in the war between the Jurchen-led Later Jin and the Ming dynasty. The battle ended in a decisive victory for the Later Jin and resulted in the capture of Fushun and two other nearby fortresses. Background The Jin khan Nurhaci was motivated to attack Fushun due to his grievances with Ming policies toward Jurchen tribes and heavy rains that had ruined the crops of his people, causing impending starvation. Military action against the Ming dynasty had been planned by Nurhaci for several years, and its initial success was the culmination of years of effort and planning. Nurhaci's preparations included establishing military farms to raise soldiers and supplies, distributing cattle to increase agricultural output, and cutting down trees to build siege weapons and buildings. By attacking Ming, Nurhaci hoped to consolidate his position as khan among the recently assimilated Jurchen tribes such as the Haixi Jurchens. Fushun, located ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transition From Ming To Qing
The transition from Ming to Qing (or simply the Ming-Qing transition) or the Manchu conquest of China from 1618 to 1683 saw the transition between two major dynasties in Chinese history. It was a decades-long conflict between the emerging Qing dynasty, the incumbent Ming dynasty, and several smaller factions (like the Shun dynasty and Xi dynasty). It ended with the consolidation of Qing rule, and the fall of the Ming and several other factions. Overview The transition from the Ming to Qing was a decades-long period of conflict between: # the Qing dynasty, established by the Manchu clan Aisin Gioro in contemporary Northeast China; # the Ming dynasty, the incumbent dynasty led by the Zhu clan; # and various other rebel powers in China, such as the short-lived Xi dynasty led by Zhang Xianzhong and the short-lived Shun dynasty led by Li Zicheng. Leading up to the Qing, in 1618, the Later Jin khan Nurhaci commissioned a document entitled the Seven Grievances, which enum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seven Grievances
The ''Seven Grievances'' (Manchu: ''nadan koro''; ) was a manifesto announced by Nurhaci, khan of the Later Jin, on the thirteenth day of the fourth lunar month in the third year of the ''Tianming'' () era of his reign; 7 May 1618. It effectively declared war against the Ming dynasty. There were several accounts of the Seven Grievances, one from the "Veritable Records of the Manchus", another from the "Qing Veritable Records", and the one from Nurhaci's successor Hong Taiji. According to the last account, the seven grievances are: # The Ming killed Nurhaci's father and grandfather without reason; # The Ming suppressed Jianzhou and favored Yehe and Hada clans; # The Ming violated agreement of territories with Nurhaci; # The Ming sent troops to protect Yehe against Jianzhou; # The Ming supported Yehe to break its promise to Nurhaci; # The Ming forced Nurhaci to give up the lands in Chaihe, Sancha, and Fuan; # The Ming's official Shang Bozhi abused his power and rode roughshod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battles Of The Transition From Ming To Qing
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and the Battle of France, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas battl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conflicts In 1618
Conflict may refer to: Social sciences * Conflict (process), the general pattern of groups dealing with disparate ideas * Conflict continuum from cooperation (low intensity), to contest, to higher intensity (violence and war) * Conflict of interest, involvement in multiple interests which could possibly corrupt the motivation or decision-making * Cultural conflict, a type of conflict that occurs when different cultural values and beliefs clash * Ethnic conflict, a conflict between two or more contending ethnic groups * Group conflict, conflict between groups * Intragroup conflict, conflict within groups * Organizational conflict, discord caused by opposition of needs, values, and interests between people working together * Role conflict, incompatible demands placed upon a person such that compliance with both would be difficult * Social conflict, the struggle for agency or power in something * Work–family conflict, incompatible demands between the work and family roles of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1618 In China
Events January–March * January 6 **Jahangir, ruler of the Mughal Empire in northern India, gives an audience for the first time to a representative of the British East India Company, receiving Sir Thomas Roe at the capital at Ahmedabad. **Ben Jonson's play ''Pleasure Reconciled to Virtue'' is given its premiere performance, presented at the Palace of Whitehall in London. * January 28 – Rules are established for the Ōoku, the section of Edo Castle that housed the Shōgun's consort and his concubines. * February 18 – Jeong In-hong becomes the new Chief State Councillor (the ''Yeonguijeong'', similar to a Prime Minister) of the Joseon Kingdom in what is now North Korea, after being appointed by the Emperor Gwanghaegun. * February 26 – Osman II deposes his uncle Mustafa I as Ottoman sultan (until 1622). * March 8 – Johannes Kepler discovers the third law of planetary motion (after some initial calculations, he soon rejects the idea, but on M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timeline Of The Qing Dynasty
This is a timeline of the Qing dynasty (1644–1912). Background 16th century 1580s 1590s 17th century 1600s 1610s 1620s 1630s 17th century 1630s 1640s 1650s 1660s 1670s 1680s 1690s 18th century 1720s 1730s 1740s 1750s 1760s 1770s 1780s 19th century 1820s 1840s 1860s 1870s 1890s 20th century 1900s Gallery File:Major Mongol and Jurchen rulers.png, Major Mongol and Jurchen rulers on the eve of the Jurchen unification and conquest (early 17th century) File:Map-Qing Dynasty 1616-en.jpg, Mainland East Asia in 1616 File:Chahar war.png, Chahar-Jurchen War (1619-1634) File:Battle of Ningyuan.png, Battle of Ningyuan in 1626 File:1627 invasion of Joseon.png, Later Jin invasion of Joseon in 1627 File:1636 invasion of Korea.png, Qing invasion of Joseon in 1636 File:Battle of Shanhai Pass.png, Battle of Shanhai Pass in 1644 File:Southern Ming.png, Southern Ming in November 1644 File:Ming-Qing border battles.png, Tsardom of Russia, Russia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timeline Of The Ming Dynasty
A timeline of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) from the rise of the Hongwu Emperor to the rise and establishment of the Qing dynasty. Background 1320s 1330s 1340s 1350s 1360s 14th century 1360s 1370s 1380s 1390s 15th century 1400s 1410s 1420s 1430s 1440s 1450s 1460s 1470s 1480s 1490s 16th century 1500s 1510s 1520s 1530s 1540s 1550s 1560s 1570s 1580s 1590s 17th century 1600s 1610s 1620s 1630s 1640s 1650s 1660s Gallery File:Red Turban.png, Red Turban Rebellion (1351–1368) File:Yellow River watercourse changes en.png, Yellow River course change in 1358 File:Eastern Chagatai 1372.jpg, Moghulistan in 1372 File:Jingnan Campaign (English).svg, Jingnan Campaign (1399–1402) File:Zheng-He-7th-expedition-map.svg, Zheng He's treasure ships (1405–1433) File:Ming-Expeditions-cs.svg, Yishiha's voyages in the context of military and diplomatic activities in the Yongle era of the Ming dynasty. Yishiha's route is in b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liu Ting
Liu (; or ) is an East Asian surname. pinyin: in Mandarin Chinese, in Cantonese. It is the family name of the Han dynasty emperors. The character originally meant 'battle axe', but is now used only as a surname. It is listed 252nd in the classic text Hundred Family Surnames. Today, it is the 4th most common surname in mainland China as well as one of the most common surnames in the world. Distribution In 2019 劉 was the fourth most common surname in mainland China. Additionally, it was the most common surname in Jiangxi province. In 2013 it was found to be the 5th most common surname, shared by 67,700,000 people or 5.1% of the population, with the province with the most people being Shandong.中国四百大姓, 袁义达, 邱家儒, Beijing Book Co. Inc., 1 January 2013 Origin One source is that they descend from the Qí (祁) clan of Emperor Yao. For example, the founding emperor of the Han dynasty (one of China's golden ages), Liu Bang (Emperor Gaozu of Han) was a descend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Invasions Of Korea (1592–98)
The Imjin War () was a series of two Japanese invasions of Korea: an initial invasion in 1592 also individually called the "Imjin War", a brief truce in 1596, and a second invasion in 1597 called the Chŏngyu War (). The conflict ended in 1598 with the withdrawal of Japanese forces from the Korean Peninsula after a military stalemate in Korea's southern provinces. The invasions were launched by Toyotomi Hideyoshi with the intent of conquering the Korean Peninsula and China proper, which were ruled by the Joseon and Ming dynasties, respectively. Japan quickly succeeded in occupying large portions of the Korean Peninsula, but the contribution of reinforcements by the Ming, "(Korean) war minister Yi Hang-bok pointed out that assistance from China was the only way Korea could survive." as well as the disruption of Japanese supply fleets along the western and southern coasts by the Joseon Navy, "His naval victories were to prove decisive in the Japanese defeat, although Yi was to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yang Hao (Ming Dynasty)
Yang Hao (; fl. ?–1629) was a scholar-official of the Ming dynasty of China. After the Ming lost several battles to Nurhaci, Yang Hao was executed by Zhu Youjian before the Ming collapsed to the Qing dynasty. Having started his political career as a county magistrate, Yang was appointed inspector-general () to the Ming troops sent to support the Joseon Dynasty during its struggle to fend off the second Japanese invasion of Korea from 1596 to 1598. Due to his attempt to disguise the Chinese defeat in the Siege of Ulsan as a victory, Yang was recalled from the commanding post and received no more significant commissions until appointed grand coordinator of Liaodong () in 1610. In the Battle of Sarhu (1618–1619) against the rebelling Jurchens led by Nurhaci, the Ming armies under Yang's command suffered a catastrophic defeat. Yang was held responsible and imprisoned until he was finally executed Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty and formerly called ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Li Rubai
Li Rubai (李如柏) (1553–1619) was a general of the Ming dynasty. He was the younger brother of Li Rusong the son of Li Chengliang. He participated in the Imjin War and the campaign against the Later Jin Khan Nurhaci Nurhaci (14 May 1559 – 30 September 1626), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizu of Qing, was the founding khan of the Jurchen people, Jurchen-led Later Jin (1616–1636), Later Jin dynasty. As the leader of the House of Aisin-Gi .... Li Rubai committed suicide after the Later Jin defeated the Ming dynasty at the Battle of Sarhū. References Ming dynasty generals 1553 births 1619 deaths Chinese people of Korean descent People of the Imjin War {{china-mil-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
