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Batrachotrematidae
Batrachotrematidae is a family of trematodes in the order Plagiorchiida. Genera The following genera are described severally, and by Rizvi, ''et al.'' (2012):Rizvi, A. N., Bursey, C. R. & Bhutia, P. T. (2012). Three new species of Digenea (Batrachotrematidae) in ''Nanorana minica'' (Anura, Dicroglossidae) from Uttarakhand, India. ''Acta Parasitologica'', 57(2), 154–159. *'' Batrachotrema'' Dollfus & Williams, 1966 *'' Opisthioparorchis'' Wang, 1980Wang, P. (1980). Report on some trematodes from amphibians and reptiles in Fujian, South China. ''Fujian Shida Xueba'', 2, 81–92. The following additional genera are described by Cribb (2005),Cribb, T. H. (2005). Family Batrachotrematidae Dollfus and Williams, 1966. In Bray, R., Gibson, D. & Jones, A. (Eds.), ''Keys to the Trematoda''. Vol. 2 (pp. 437–442). London, UK: CABI Publishing and The Natural History Museum. but are not discussed in Rizvi, ''et al.'' (2012) or other studies: *'' Gigantodiscum'' Wang, 1980 *'' Rhacophotre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batrachotrema
''Batrachotrema'' is a genus of trematodes in the family Batrachotrematidae. It is the type-genus of the family, and its type-species is ''B. petropedatis''. The type-species is the only species of the family found in Africa, (as opposed to south-eastern Asia,) and this distinction has led Cribb (2005)Cribb, T. H. (2005). Family Batrachotrematidae Dollfus and Williams, 1966. In Bray, R., Gibson, D. & Jones, A. (Eds.), ''Keys to the Trematoda''. Vol. 2 (pp. 437–442). London, UK: CABI Publishing and The Natural History Museum. to consider that a family-level distinction may be needed between ''B. petropedatis'' and other species of Batrachotrematidae; however, molecular testing will be needed to decide this point.Rizvi, A. N., Bursey, C. R. & Bhutia, P. T. (2012). Three new species of Digenea (Batrachotrematidae) in ''Nanorana minica'' (Anura, Dicroglossidae) from Uttarkhand, India. ''Acta Parasitologica'', 57(2), 154–159 ''Batrachotrema'' also contains ''B. pseudobagri'', the o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opisthioparorchis
''Opisthioparorchis'' is a genus of trematodes in the family Batrachotrematidae. The separation of ''Opisthioparorchis'' and ''Batrachotrema'', originally weakened by the heterogeneity of the former, has been solidified by the separation of species presenting tegumental spines to ''Opisthioparorchis'' and those without tegumental spines to ''Batrachotrema''. This differentiation is opposed to that of Wang (1980), who separated ''Opisthioparorchis'' on the basis of the relative positioning of the testes and their relation to the internal caeca. Species *'' Opisthioparorchis boheaensis'' Wang, 1980 *''Opisthioparorchis boulengeris'' Li, 1997Li, M. (1997). Notes on fauna of trematodes of frog and birds in Wuling Mountains area and description of five new species. In Song, D. (Ed.), ''Invertebrates of Wuling Mountains Area, Southwestern China'' (pp. 306–312). Beijing: Science Press. *'' Opisthioparorchis dehradunensis'' Rizvi, Bursey & Bhutia, 2012Rizvi, A. N., Bursey, C. R. & Bhut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plagiorchiida
Plagiorchiida is a large order of trematodes, synonymous to Echinostomida. They belong to the Digenea, a large subclass of flukes. This order contains relatively few significant parasites of humans. The following families are placed here, organised by superfamily and suborder:Jones, A., Bray, R. A., & Gibson, D. I. (Eds.). (2002). ''Keys to the Trematoda'' (Vol. 1). CABI Publishing and The Natural History Museum. * Apocreadiata ** Apocreadioidea Skrjabin, 1942 *** Apocreadiidae Skrjabin, 1942 * Bivesiculata ** Bivesiculoidea *** Bivesiculidae Yamaguti, 1934 * Bucephalata ** Bucephaloidea Poche, 1907 *** Bucephalidae Poche, 1907 *** Nuitrematidae Kurochkin, 1975 * Echinostomata ** Echinostomatoidea Looss, 1902 *** Caballerotrematidae Tkach, Kudlai & Kostadinova, 2016 *** Calycodidae Dollfus, 1929 *** Cyclocoelidae Stossich, 1902 *** Echinochasmidae Odhner, 1910 *** Echinostomatidae Looss, 1899 *** Fasciolidae Railliet, 1895 *** Himasthlidae Odhner, 1910 *** Phil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Digenea
Digenea (Gr. ''Dis'' – double, ''Genos'' – race) is a class of trematodes in the Platyhelminthes phylum, consisting of parasitic flatworms (known as ''flukes'') with a syncytial tegument and, usually, two suckers, one ventral and one oral. Adults commonly live within the digestive tract, but occur throughout the organ systems of all classes of vertebrates. Once thought to be related to the Monogenea, it is now recognised that they are closest to the Aspidogastrea and that the Monogenea are more closely allied with the Cestoda. Around 6,000 species have been described to date. Morphology Key features Characteristic features of the Digenea include a syncytial tegument; that is, a tegument where the junctions between cells are broken down and a single continuous cytoplasm surrounds the entire animal. A similar tegument is found in other members of the Neodermata; a group of platyhelminths comprising the Digenea, Aspidogastrea, Monogenea and Cestoda. Digeneans posses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Family (biology)
Family ( la, familia, plural ') is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as the "walnut family". What belongs to a family—or if a described family should be recognized at all—are proposed and determined by practicing taxonomists. There are no hard rules for describing or recognizing a family, but in plants, they can be characterized on the basis of both vegetative and reproductive features of plant species. Taxonomists often take different positions about descriptions, and there may be no broad consensus across the scientific community for some time. The publishing of new data and opi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trematoda
Trematoda is a class of flatworms known as flukes. They are obligate internal parasites with a complex life cycle requiring at least two hosts. The intermediate host, in which asexual reproduction occurs, is usually a snail. The definitive host, where the flukes sexually reproduce, is a vertebrate. Infection by trematodes can cause disease in all five traditional vertebrate classes: mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fish. Etymology Trematodes are commonly referred to as flukes. This term can be traced back to the Old English name for flounder, and refers to the flattened, rhomboidal shape of the organisms. Taxonomy There are 18,000 to 24,000 known species of trematodes, divided into two subclasses — the Aspidogastrea and the Digenea. Aspidogastrea is the smaller subclass, comprising 61 species. These flukes mainly infect bivalves and bony fishes.https://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3918.3.2 Digenea — which comprise the majority of trematodes — are f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order (biology)
Order ( la, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. For some groups of organisms, their orders may follo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
