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Batillariidae
Batillariidae, common name batillariids or mudcreepers, are a family (biology), family of marine (ocean), marine, cerithioidean gastropod molluscs in thesuperfamily Cerithioidea. They consist of 14 living species, classified in six to eight genera.Ozawa, T., Köhler, F., Reid, D.G., Glaubrecht, M. 2009. Tethyan relicts on continental coastlines of the northwestern Pacific Ocean and Australasia: molecular phylogeny and fossil record of batillariid gastropods (Caenogastropoda: Cerithioidea). ''Zoologica Scripta'', 38: 503-525. According to the Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005), taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) the family Batillariidae has no subfamilies. However, a recent molecular study has found that the Batillariidae as traditionally conceived are not monophyletic. The Neotropical genera ''Lampanella'' and ''Rhinocoryne'' are sister to the Planaxidae. The monophyletic Batillariidae sensu stricto are restricted to the northwestern Pacific an ...
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Batillaria Multiformis
''Batillaria multiformis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the Family (biology), family Batillariidae. They are colloquially known as salt marsh or mudflat snails, due to their benthic nature in intertidal zones and salt marshes. They are endemic to the West Pacific Ocean, but are most commonly observed on the southern coast of Japan. ''B. multiformis'' feed on phytoplankton in their larval stage, and various terrestrial and aquatic primary producers once in their benthic adult form. They are intermediate hosts to several ''Cercaria'' trematodes. While still highly prevalent in remaining mudflat regions, available suitable habitat has declined with increasing land reclamation in Japan. Since 2020, ''B. multiformis'' has been considered a "near-threatened" species by the Japanese Ministry of the Environment. Taxonomy ''Batillaria multiformis'' was first recorded in 1869 by Lishke in Japan, and was initially classified ''Lampania multiformis.'' This genu ...
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Pyrazus
''Pyrazus'' is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Batillariidae. Pyriazidae is a synonym of Batillariidae and ''Pyrazus'' is the type genus of the Pyriazidae. Species Species within the genus ''Pyrazus'' include: * '' Pyrazus eriensis'' (Mörch, 1876) * '' Pyrazus ebeninus'' (Bruguière, 1792) * † '' Pyrazus pentagonatus'' (Schlotheim, 1820) - from Eocene of HungaryBandel K. (2006). "Families of the Cerithioidea and related superfamilies (Palaeo-Caenogastropoda; Mollusca) from the Triassic to the Recent characterized by protoconch morphology - including the description of new taxa". ''Freiberger Forschungshefte The Freiberger or Franches-Montagnes is a Swiss List of horse breeds, breed of horse of draught horse, light draught type. It originates in the cantons of Switzerland, Canton of Canton of Jura, Jura in north-western Switzerland, and is named for ...'' C 511: 59-138PDF References Batillariidae Gastropod genera Extant Eocene first ap ...
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Batillaria
''Batillaria'' is a genus of small salt marsh or mudflat snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Batillariidae, the horn snails. Species Species within the genus ''Batillaria'' include: * '' Batillaria attramentaria'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1855) - Japanese false cerith * '' Batillaria australis'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) * '' Batillaria bornii'' (Sowerby II, 1887 in 1842–87) * '' Batillaria estuarina'' (Tate, 1893) * '' Batillaria flectosiphonata'' Ozawa, 1996 * ''Batillaria multiformis'' (Lischke, 1869) * '' Batillaria mutata'' (Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1902) * '' Batillaria sordida'' Gmelin, 1791 * '' Batillaria zonalis'' (Bruguière, 1792) - Japanese false cerith, synonyms: ''Batillaria aterrima'', ''Batillaria atramenfaria'', ''Batillaria cumingi'' and also (cotroversely with above) ''Batillaria multiformis''
ITIS, accessed 2 ...
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Zeacumantus
''Zeacumantus'' is a genus of small to medium-sized sea snails or mud snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Batillariidae.Bouchet, P. (2011). Zeacumantus Finlay, 1926. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=446432 on 2011-04-09 This genus is sometimes still treated as if it were a subgenus of the genus ''Batillaria'' (Batillariidae). Species Species in the genus include:Miller M & Batt G, ''Reef and Beach Life of New Zealand'', William Collins (New Zealand) Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1973 * '' Zeacumantus diemenensis'' (Quoy, JRC & JP Gaimard, 1834) * '' Zeacumantus lutulentus'' (Kiener, 1841) * '' Zeacumantus plumbeus''(G. B. Sowerby II, 1855) * '' Zeacumantus subcarinatus'' (Sowerby, 1855) Synonyms: * ''Zeacumantus delicatus'' Laws, 1950 is a synonym of '' Pyrazus ebeninus'' (Bruguière, 1792) References External links * Ozawa, T., Köhler, F., Reid, D.G. & Glaubrecht, M. (2009). "Tethyan ...
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Cerithioidea
The Cerithioidea is a Taxonomic rank, superfamily of marine, brackish water and freshwater Gastropoda, gastropod containing more than 200 genera. The Cerithioidea are included unassigned in the subclass Caenogastropoda. The original name of this superfamily was Cerithiacea, in keeping with common superfamily endings at the time. Ecology Cerithioidea is a very diverse superfamily. Its species can be found worldwide mainly in Tropics, tropic and subtropic seas on rocky Intertidal zone, intertidal shores, seagrass beds and algal fronds, but also in estuarine and freshwater habitats. The freshwater species are found on all continents, except Antarctica. They are dominant members of mangrove forests, estuarine mudflats, fast-flowing rivers and placid lakes.Healy J. M. & Wells F. E. (). ''Mollusca, The Southern Syntthesis. Fauna of Australia.'' Melbourne, CSIRO publishing. 707 pp. Fossil record Their fossil record of this superfamily can be traced back as far as the early TriassicT ...
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Taxonomy Of The Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005)
The taxonomy of the Gastropoda as it was revised in 2005 by Philippe Bouchet and Jean-Pierre Rocroi is a system for the scientific classification of gastropod mollusks (Gastropods are a taxonomic class of animals which consists of snails and slugs of every kind, from the land, from freshwater, and from saltwater). The paper setting out this taxonomy was published in the journal '' Malacologia''. The system encompasses both living and extinct groups, as well as some fossils whose classification as gastropods is uncertain. The Bouchet & Rocroi system was the first complete gastropod taxonomy that primarily employed the concept of clades, and was derived from research on molecular phylogenetics; in this context a clade is a "natural grouping" of organisms based upon a statistical cluster analysis. In contrast, most of the previous overall taxonomic schemes for gastropods relied on morphological features to classify these animals, and used taxon ranks such as order, superorder ...
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Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first epoch (geology), geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern marine invertebrates than the Pliocene has. The Miocene followed the Oligocene and preceded the Pliocene. As Earth went from the Oligocene through the Miocene and into the Pliocene, the climate slowly cooled towards a series of ice ages. The Miocene boundaries are not marked by distinct global events but by regionally defined transitions from the warmer Oligocene to the cooler Pliocene Epoch. During the Early Miocene, Afro-Arabia collided with Eurasia, severing the connection between the Mediterranean and Indian Oceans, and allowing the interchange of fauna between Eurasia and Africa, including the dispersal of proboscideans and Ape, hominoids into Eurasia. During the late Miocene, the conn ...
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Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east. Europe shares the landmass of Eurasia with Asia, and of Afro-Eurasia with both Africa and Asia. Europe is commonly considered to be Boundaries between the continents#Asia and Europe, separated from Asia by the Drainage divide, watershed of the Ural Mountains, the Ural (river), Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Greater Caucasus, the Black Sea, and the waterway of the Bosporus, Bosporus Strait. "Europe" (pp. 68–69); "Asia" (pp. 90–91): "A commonly accepted division between Asia and Europe ... is formed by the Ural Mountains, Ural River, Caspian Sea, Caucasus Mountains, and the Black Sea with its outlets, the Bosporus and Dardanelles." Europe covers approx. , or 2% of Earth#Surface, Earth's surface (6.8% of Earth's land area), making it ...
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Tethys Ocean
The Tethys Ocean ( ; ), also called the Tethys Sea or the Neo-Tethys, was a prehistoric ocean during much of the Mesozoic Era and early-mid Cenozoic Era. It was the predecessor to the modern Indian Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Eurasian inland marine basins (primarily represented today by the Black Sea and Caspian Sea). During the early Mesozoic, as Pangaea broke up, the Tethys Ocean was defined as the ocean located between the ancient continents of Gondwana and Laurasia. After the opening of the Indian and Atlantic oceans during the Cretaceous Period and the breakup of these continents over the same period, it came to be defined as the ocean bordered by the continents of Africa, Eurasia, India, and Australasia. During the early-mid Cenozoic, the Indian, African, Australian and Arabian plates moved north and collided with the Eurasian plate, which created new borders to the ocean, a land barrier to the flow of currents between the Indian and Mediterranean basins, and t ...
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Americas
The Americas, sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North America and South America.''Webster's New World College Dictionary'', 2010 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio. When viewed as a single continent, the Americas or America is the 2nd largest continent by area after Asia, and is the 3rd largest continent by population. The Americas make up most of the land in Earth's Western Hemisphere and comprise the New World. Along with their Lists of islands of the Americas, associated islands, the Americas cover 8% of Earth's total surface area and 28.4% of its land area. The topography is dominated by the American Cordillera, a long chain of mountains that runs the length of the west coast. The flatter eastern side of the Americas is dominated by large river basins, such as the Amazon basin, Amazon, St. Lawrence River–Great Lakes, Mississippi River System, Mississippi, and Río de la Plata Basin, La Plata basins. Since the Americ ...
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