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BatchPipes
On IBM mainframes, BatchPipes is a batch job processing utility which runs under the MVS/ESA operating system and later versions—OS/390 and z/OS. Core function In traditional processing, if data records are written out to sequential ( QSAM and BSAM) data set on disk or tape, they cannot be read concurrently by another job. The "writer" and "reader" cannot run at the same time. This is termed ''file-level interlock'' or ''data-set-level interlock''. With BatchPipes an installation can arrange for the data to be "piped" between the two jobs. The advantage is that the jobs can run concurrently and it is possible, and very usual, to avoid the time to write the data to secondary storage and to read it back. The combination of these two characteristics, if used judiciously, leads to a reduction in the combined elapsed time of the two jobs, as measured from the start of the writer job to the end of the reader job. BatchPipes maintains a ''short'' queue of records being passed bet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CMS Pipelines
CMS Pipelines is a feature of the VM/CMS operating system that allows the user to create and use a pipeline. The programs in a pipeline operate on a sequential stream of records. A program writes records that are read by the next program in the pipeline. Any program can be combined with any other because reading and writing is done through a device independent interface. Overview ''CMS Pipelines'' provides a CMS command, PIPE. The argument string to the PIPE command is the pipeline specification. PIPE selects programs to run and chains them together in a pipeline to pump data through. Because CMS programs and utilities don't provide a device independent stdin In computer programming, standard streams are preconnected input and output communication channels between a computer program and its environment when it begins execution. The three input/output (I/O) connections are called standard input (stdin), ... and stdout interface, ''CMS Pipelines'' has a built-in library of progra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MVS/ESA
Multiple Virtual Storage, more commonly called MVS, is the most commonly used operating system on the System/370, System/390 and IBM Z IBM mainframe computers. IBM developed MVS, along with OS/VS1 and SVS, as a successor to OS/360. It is unrelated to IBM's other mainframe operating system lines, e.g., VSE, VM, TPF. Overview First released in 1974, MVS was extended by program products with new names multiple times, retaining the term MVS in the nomenclature: * first to MVS/SE (MVS/System Extensions),some print media used the singular, MVS/System Extension: Computerworld, 15 Dec 1980 - Page 5; 26 June 1978 - Page 8 * next to MVS/SP (MVS/System Product) Version 1, * next to MVS/XA (MVS/eXtended Architecture), * next to MVS/ESA (MVS/Enterprise Systems Architecture), and then extended * to OS/390 for the System/390 systems, and * finally to z/OS (when 64-bit support was added with the zSeries models). IBM added UNIX support (originally called OpenEdition MVS) in MVS/SP ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mainframe Sort Merge
The Sort/Merge utility is a mainframe program to sort records in a file into a specified order, merge pre-sorted files into a sorted file, or copy selected records. Internally, these utilities use one or more of the standard sorting algorithms, often with proprietary fine-tuned code. Mainframes were originally supplied with limited main memory by today's standards and the amount of data to be sorted was frequently very large. Because of this, unlike more recent sort programs, early Sort/Merge programs placed great emphasis on efficient techniques for sorting data on secondary storage, typically tape or disk. In 1968 the OS/360 Sort/Merge program provided five different "sequence distribution techniques" that could be used depending on the number and type of devices available. Historically, the "alias" SORT has been used to refer to an installation's preferred sort program, IBM's Sort/Merge, and third party Sort/Merge programs (i.e., SYNCSORT, CASORT). DFSORT is often referred ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batch Processing
Computerized batch processing is a method of running software programs called jobs in batches automatically. While users are required to submit the jobs, no other interaction by the user is required to process the batch. Batches may automatically be run at scheduled times as well as being run contingent on the availability of computer resources. History The term "batch processing" originates in the traditional classification of methods of production as job production (one-off production), batch production (production of a "batch" of multiple items at once, one stage at a time), and flow production (mass production, all stages in process at once). Early history Early computers were capable of running only one program at a time. Each user had sole control of the machine for a scheduled period of time. They would arrive at the computer with program and data, often on punched paper cards and magnetic or paper tape, and would load their program, run and debug it, and carry off thei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IBM Mainframe
IBM mainframes are large computer systems produced by IBM since 1952. During the 1960s and 1970s, IBM dominated the computer market with the 7000 series and the later System/360, followed by the System/370. Current mainframe computers in IBM's line of business computers are developments of the basic design of the System/360. First and second generation From 1952 into the late 1960s, IBM manufactured and marketed several large computer models, known as the IBM 700/7000 series. The first-generation 700s were based on vacuum tubes, while the later, second-generation 7000s used transistors. These machines established IBM's dominance in electronic data processing ("EDP"). IBM had two model categories: one (701, 704, 709, 7030, 7090, 7094, 7040, 7044) for engineering and scientific use, and one (702, 705, 705-II, 705-III, 7080, 7070, 7072, 7074, 7010) for commercial or data processing use. The two categories, scientific and commercial, generally used common peripherals but had co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
BMC Software
BMC Software, Inc. is an American multinational information technology (IT) services and consulting, and enterprise software company based in Houston, Texas. History The company was founded in Houston, Texas, by former Shell employees Scott Boulette, John Moores, and Dan Cloer, whose surname initials were adopted as the company name BMC Software. Moores served as the company's first CEO. The firm primarily wrote software for IBM mainframe computers, the industry standard at the time, but since the mid-1990s has been developing software to monitor, manage and automate both distributed and mainframe systems. In 1987, Moores was succeeded by Richard A. Hosley II as CEO and President. In July 1988, BMC was re-incorporated in Delaware and went public with an initial public offering for BMC stock. The first day of trading was August 12, 1988. BMC stock was originally traded on the Nasdaq under the symbol BMCS and later on the New York Stock Exchange with symbol BMC. Acquisiti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ESA/390
IBM Enterprise Systems Architecture is an instruction set architecture introduced by IBM as Enterprise Systems Architecture/370 (ESA/370) in 1988. It is based on the IBM System/370-XA architecture. It extended the dual-address-space mechanism introduced in later IBM System/370 models by adding a new mode in which general-purpose registers 1–15 are each associated with an access register referring to an address space, with instruction operands whose address is computed with a given general-purpose register as a base register will be in the address space referred to by the corresponding address register. The later Enterprise Systems Architecture/390 (ESA/390), introduced in 1990, added a facility to allow device descriptions to be read using channel commands and, in later models, added instructions to perform IEEE 754 floating-point operations and increased the number of floating-point registers from 4 to 16. Enterprise Systems Architecture is essentially a 32-bit archit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pipeline (Unix)
In Unix-like computer operating systems, a pipeline is a mechanism for inter-process communication using message passing. A pipeline is a set of process (computing), processes chained together by their standard streams, so that the output text of each process (''stdout'') is passed directly as input (''stdin'') to the next one. The second process is started as the first process is still executing, and they are executed concurrency (computer science), concurrently. The concept of pipelines was championed by Douglas McIlroy at Unix's ancestral home of Bell Labs, during the development of Unix, shaping its Unix philosophy, toolbox philosophy. It is named by analogy to a physical pipeline transport, pipeline. A key feature of these pipelines is their "hiding of internals". This in turn allows for more clarity and simplicity in the system. The pipes in the pipeline are anonymous pipes (as opposed to named pipes), where data written by one process is buffered by the operating system un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tribunal De Grande Instance De Paris
The Tribunal de Paris (, ), located at the Judicial Campus of Paris in Batignolles, is the largest court in France by caseload. It replaced the capital's former () and () under an amalgamation of jurisdictions that came into effect on 1 January 2020. Jurisdiction The jurisdiction of the Paris judicial court is nationwide for matters of: * crimes against humanity and war crimes, * crimes committed outside the territory by members of the French armed forces or against them in peacetime (since the removal of the Tribunal of the armies of Paris in 2012), * corruption and tax evasion. The financial prosecutor of the Republic is located near the court. * terrorism. The court has inter-regional jurisdiction in matters of: * complex economic and financial affairs (one of eight specialized interregional courts of France) * Health Affairs (one of the two specialized courts with that attached to TGI de Marseille). For all other matters, its jurisdiction is limited to the entire cap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OS/2 Warp 4
OS/2 is a Proprietary software, proprietary computer operating system for x86 and PowerPC based personal computers. It was created and initially developed jointly by IBM and Microsoft, under the leadership of IBM software designer Ed Iacobucci, intended as a replacement for DOS. The first version was released in 1987. A feud between the two companies beginning in 1990 led to Microsoft’s leaving development solely to IBM, which continued development on its own. OS/2 Warp 4 in 1996 was the last major upgrade, after which IBM slowly halted the product as it failed to compete against Microsoft's Microsoft Windows, Windows; updated versions of OS/2 were released by IBM until 2001. The name stands for "Operating System/2", because it was introduced as part of the same generation change release as IBM's "IBM Personal System/2, Personal System/2 (PS/2)" line of second-generation PCs. OS/2 was intended as a protected mode, protected-mode successor of IBM PC DOS, PC DOS targeting t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
