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Bashgul Valley
The Landai Sin Valley, or the Bashgal Valley, is a geographical feature of Nuristan Province, eastern Afghanistan, formed by the Landai Sin River which empties into the Kunar River (also called the Chitral River) at Barikot, Kamdesh District in Nuristan, Afghanistan. The largest town in the valley is Kamdesh. The lower Bashgal Valley is inhabited by the Kom people. History During the period of British influence in the 19th century, the Landai Sin Valley was considered part of Chitral State. In the 1980s, Salafist cleric Mawlawi Afzal founded the Islamic Revolutionary State of Afghanistan The Islamic Revolutionary State of Afghanistan (), also known as the Islamic Revolutionary State of Nuristan, () was a small Salafist Islamic state located in the north of Bashgal Valley, Nuristan Province. It was founded by Mawlawi Afzal during t ... in Landai Sin, which established consulates in Saudi Arabia and Pakistan.*Robert D. Crews, Amin Tarzi. ''The Taliban and the crisis of Afghanist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuristan Province
Nuristan, also spelled as Nurestan or Nooristan (Pashto: ; Katë: ), is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the eastern part of the country. It is divided into seven districts and is Afghanistan's least populous province, with a population of around 167,000. Parun serves as the provincial capital. Nuristan is bordered on the south by Laghman and Kunar provinces, on the north by Badakhshan province, on the west by Panjshir province, and on the east by Pakistan. The origin of the local Nuristani people has been disputed, ranging from being the indigenous inhabitants forced to flee to this region after refusing to surrender to invaders, to being linked to various ancient groups of people and the Turk Shahi kings. Some Nuristanis claim being descendants of the Greek occupying forces of Alexander the Great. It was formerly called Kafiristan () ("Land of the Infidels") until the inhabitants were forcibly converted from an animist religion with elements from In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afghanistan
Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia. It is bordered by Pakistan to the Durand Line, east and south, Iran to the Afghanistan–Iran border, west, Turkmenistan to the Afghanistan–Turkmenistan border, northwest, Uzbekistan to the Afghanistan–Uzbekistan border, north, Tajikistan to the Afghanistan–Tajikistan border, northeast, and China to the Afghanistan–China border, northeast and east. Occupying of land, the country is predominantly mountainous with plains Afghan Turkestan, in the north and Sistan Basin, the southwest, which are separated by the Hindu Kush mountain range. Kabul is the country's capital and largest city. Demographics of Afghanistan, Afghanistan's population is estimated to be between 36 and 50 million. Ancient history of Afghanistan, Human habitation in Afghanistan dates to the Middle Paleolithic era. Popularly referred to as the graveyard of empire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Landai Sin River
The Landai Sin River ( ''Lanḍai Sīn'', "Short River"), also called the Bashgal River (), is located in eastern Afghanistan. It rises in the Hindu Kush range near the Mandol Pass in the Nuristan Province of Afghanistan, and is fed from glaciers and snow to its north. The Landai Sin is a tributary of Kunar River. The Landai Sin Valley is inhabited by the Kata, Mumo (''Madugal''), Kashtan, and Kom tribes of the Nuristani people. Eastern Kata-vari is the main spoken language in the Landai Sin Valley. The main town on the river is Kamdesh. See also * List of rivers of Afghanistan This is a list of rivers that flow wholly or partly in Afghanistan, arranged geographically by river basin. Flowing into the Arabian Sea *''Indus River (Pakistan)'' **Gomal River ***Kundar River ***Zhob River **Kurram River **Kabul River ... References External links Rivers of Afghanistan Indus basin Landforms of Nuristan Province Border rivers {{Nuristan-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kunar River
The Chitral River, also known in Afghanistan as the Kunar River, is a long river in northern Pakistan and eastern Afghanistan. It originates from the Chiantar glacier, located at the border of Gilgit Baltistan and Chitral in Pakistan. At Arandu it enters into Afghanistan, where it is called the Kunar River. It later merges with Kabul river in Nangahar Province of Afghanistan. The river system is fed by melting glaciers and snow of the Hindu Kush mountains. The Chitral River serves as a major tributary of the Kabul river, which is in turn a tributary of the Indus River in Pakistan.''The Afghan War, 1838-1842: From the Journal and Correspondence of the Late Major-General Augustus Abbott'', editor Charles Rathbone Low, publisher R. Bentley & Son, 1879Google Books/ref> Origin and course of flow The river rises in the far north glaciated Hindu Kush mountains of Chitral, Pakistan, where it is referred to as Chitral river. Around 60% to 70% of annual discharge of Kunar river o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kamdesh District
Kamdesh District (Kamdeish District, , ) is a district of Nuristan Province in eastern Afghanistan,"Afghanistan Administrative Divisions" map, March 2007, Afghanistan Information Management Services (AIMS) sharing a name with the town of . It was originally in political map, 1986, United States Central Intelligence Agency and then was moved t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kamdesh
Kāmdēsh (, ), or Kamdeish, is a town in the Landai Sin Valley, and the center of the Kamdesh District in Nuristan Province, Afghanistan. It is located at the general area of Yurmir () which is beside the meeting place of two rivers, with one coming from Barg-i Matal, and the second flowing from Nechangal mountains. Kamdesh is a village within the Landai Sin Valley. It stands as the cultural and administrative hub of the Kamdesh District and all of Eastern Nuristan. Kamdesh literally means "Place of the Kom", as it is the unofficial Capital for the Kom tribe. Within Kamdesh today a visitor can identify each of the original clans identified by Sir George Scott Robertson in the 1890s when he visited the area outlined in his book "The Kafirs of the Hindu Kush." Other than the Nuristanis, there is also other ethnic communities living in Kamdesh such as the Gujars. On October 3, 2009, during the War in Afghanistan, the Battle of Kamdesh took place northwest of the village, when ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kom People (Afghanistan)
The Kom or Kam are a Nuristani people, Nuristani tribe in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Most used alternative names are Kamozi, Kamoz/Camoze, Caumojee/Kaumoji, and Camoje.M. Elphinstone, George Robertson, Richard Strand). History Until the late 19th century, the Kom were a sub-group of the Siah-Posh Kafirs ("black-robed unbelievers") and their political (factional) headquarters was at Kombrom. They gave allegiance to the Mehtar (crown prince) of Chitral (princely state), Chitral. At that time, following their conquest by Emir Abdur Rahman Khan, the Kom converted to Islam. Kafiristan ("Land of Unbelievers") was renamed Nuristan ("Land of Light") and its inhabitants became collectively known as Nuristani people, Nuristanis (sometimes loosely translated as "enlightened ones"). See also * Nurestan * Nuristani people * Nuristani languages * Kata (people), Katir * Kamviri * Kambojas References * George Scott Robertson (1896), ''The Kafirs of Hindukush'' * Mountstuart Elphinstone (18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chitral (princely State)
Chitral or Chitrāl () was a princely state in alliance with British Raj, British India until 1947, then a Princely states of Pakistan, princely state of Pakistan until 1972. The area of the state now forms the Upper Chitral District, Upper and Lower Chitral Districts of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. During the reign of Mehtar Aman ul-Mulk, the dynasty's sway extended from Asmar, Afghanistan, Asmar in the Kunar Valley of Afghanistan to Punial in the Gilgit-Baltistan, Gilgit Valley. The entire region that now forms the Chitral District was a fully independent monarchy until 1885, when the British negotiated a subsidiary alliance with its hereditary ruler, the Mehtar, under which Chitral became a princely state, still sovereignty, sovereign but subject to the suzerainty of the British Empire, British Indian Empire. In 1895 the British agent in Gilgit, Sir George Scott Robertson was besieged in Chitral Fort for 48 days, and was finally relieved by two Chitral Expedition, Brit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salafist
The Salafi movement or Salafism () is a fundamentalist revival movement within Sunni Islam, originating in the late 19th century and influential in the Islamic world to this day. The name "''Salafiyya''" is a self-designation, claiming a return to the traditions of the "pious predecessors" (), the first three generations of Muslims (the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the is companions then the , and the third generation, the ), who are believed to exemplify the pure form of Islam. In practice, Salafis claim that they rely on the Qur'an, the and the (consensus) of the , giving these writings precedence over what they claim as "later religious interpretations".Bin Ali Mohamed ''Roots Of Religious Extremism, The: Understanding The Salafi Doctrine Of Al-wala' Wal Bara'' World Scientific, 2015 p. 61 The Salafi movement aimed to achieve a renewal of Muslim life, and had a major influence on many Muslim thinkers and movements across the Islamic world. Salafi Muslims oppose ' (relig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mawlawi Afzal
Mawlawi (Islamic title), Mawlawi Mohammad Afzal (born – 2012) was a Panjpiri-educated Afghan clergyman of the Kom people (Afghanistan), Kam tribe from Barg-i-Matal, Nuristan Province. He studied in Deoband, and later at Akora, Pakistan, before teaching at a madrassa in Karachi, and then in his native village of Badmuk. Following the Saur Revolution of 1978 in Afghanistan, Afzal established a Salafist mini-state in northern Nuristan, known as the Islamic Revolutionary State of Afghanistan, with consulates in Saudi Arabia and Pakistan. Though Nuristan was generally a mujahideen area, Afzal was among those leaders who were at least temporarily co-opted by the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan, DRA communist government. In the 1980s, Afzal was among those Nuristani leaders who, after initially supporting him, expelled the southern Nuristan military leader Sarwar Nuristani, suspecting him of supporting the Communist government. With the arrival of the Taliban in the mid-1990s, Afzal a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Revolutionary State Of Afghanistan
The Islamic Revolutionary State of Afghanistan (), also known as the Islamic Revolutionary State of Nuristan, () was a small Salafist Islamic state located in the north of Bashgal Valley, Nuristan Province. It was founded by Mawlawi Afzal during the nationwide Afghan mujahideen insurgency against the Soviet-backed Democratic Republic of Afghanistan and established consulates in Saudi Arabia and Pakistan. The state was absorbed by the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan after Mawlawi Afzal allied with the Taliban. See also * Islamic Emirate of Badakhshan * Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (1996–2001) The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (), also referred to as the First Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, was a totalitarian Islamic state led by the Taliban that ruled most of Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001. At its peak, the Taliban government ... * Islamic Emirate of Kunar Further reading * Daan Van Der Schriek. ''Nuristan: Insurgent Hideout in Afghanistan''. Terrorism Monitor Vo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
