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Bartek (tree)
The Bartek Oak () is one of the oldest oak trees in Poland. It grows in Zagnańsk near Kielce in the Świętokrzyskie Mountains. Its age, previously estimated at up to 1200 years, has recently been established to be 686 years (in 2016),Cezary Pacyniak. ''Najstarsze drzewa w Polsce''. PTTK Kraj. 1992. p.?. with a corer used to extract a sample for a growth ring, ring count. An accurate count is impossible, as Bartek's interior has hollowed with age. There are several older trees in Poland, both oaks and taxus baccata, yews (some over 1000 years old), yet none of them have matched Bartek's fame. The 33.5-metreRobert Tomusiak, Paweł Zarzyński. ''90 drzew. Okazy niezwykłe''. Centrum Informacyjne Lasów Państwowych. Warszawa. 2014. p.70. tall Bartek measures 970 cmKrzysztof Borkowski. ''Polskie drzewa''. DALPO. 2014. p.? at CBH (circumference at breast height) and 13.5 metres in girth at its base. Its crown spreads about 40 metres. Legend has it that King Casimir III of Poland, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkey
Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east; Iraq, Syria, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south; and the Aegean Sea, Greece, and Bulgaria to the west. Turkey is home to over 85 million people; most are ethnic Turkish people, Turks, while ethnic Kurds in Turkey, Kurds are the Minorities in Turkey, largest ethnic minority. Officially Secularism in Turkey, a secular state, Turkey has Islam in Turkey, a Muslim-majority population. Ankara is Turkey's capital and second-largest city. Istanbul is its largest city and economic center. Other major cities include İzmir, Bursa, and Antalya. First inhabited by modern humans during the Late Paleolithic, present-day Turkey was home to List of ancient peoples of Anatolia, various ancient peoples. The Hattians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geography Of Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Geography (from Ancient Greek ; combining 'Earth' and 'write', literally 'Earth writing') is the study of the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of Earth. Geography is an all-encompassing discipline that seeks an understanding of Earth and its human and natural complexities—not merely where objects are, but also how they have changed and come to be. While geography is specific to Earth, many concepts can be applied more broadly to other celestial bodies in the field of planetary science. Geography has been called "a bridge between natural science and social science disciplines." Origins of many of the concepts in geography can be traced to Greek Eratosthenes of Cyrene, who may have coined the term "geographia" (). The first recorded use of the word γεωγραφία was as the title of a book by Greek scholar Claudius Ptolemy (100 – 170 AD). This work created the so-called "Ptolemaic tradition" of geography, which included "Ptolemaic cartographic theory." ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Landmarks In Poland
A landmark is a recognizable natural or artificial feature used for navigation, a feature that stands out from its near environment and is often visible from long distances. In modern-day use, the term can also be applied to smaller structures or features that have become local or national symbols. Etymology In Old English, the word ''landmearc'' (from ''land'' + ''mearc'' (mark)) was used to describe a boundary marker, an "object set up to mark the boundaries of a kingdom, estate, etc." Starting around 1560, this interpretation of "landmark" was replaced by a more general one. A landmark became a "conspicuous object in a landscape". A ''landmark'' literally meant a geographic feature used by explorers and others to find their way back to their departure point, or through an area. For example, Table Mountain near Cape Town, South Africa, was used as a landmark to help sailors navigate around the southern tip of Africa during the Age of Exploration. Artificial structures are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Individual Oak Trees
An individual is one that exists as a distinct entity. Individuality (or self-hood) is the state or quality of living as an individual; particularly (in the case of humans) as a person unique from other people and possessing one's own needs or goals, rights and responsibilities. The concept of an individual features in many fields, including biology, law, and philosophy. Every individual contributes significantly to the growth of a civilization. Society is a multifaceted concept that is shaped and influenced by a wide range of different things, including human behaviors, attitudes, and ideas. The culture, morals, and beliefs of others as well as the general direction and trajectory of the society can all be influenced and shaped by an individual's activities. Etymology From the 15th century and earlier (and also today within the fields of statistics and metaphysics) ''individual'' meant " indivisible", typically describing any numerically singular thing, but sometimes meani ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Individual Trees
The following is a list of individual trees. Trees listed here are regarded as important or specific by their historical, national, locational, natural or mythological context. The list includes actual trees located throughout the world, as well as #Mythological and religious trees, trees from myths and religions. Africa Living Historical Asia Living Historical Europe Living Historical North America Living Historical Petrified Christmas trees *Anthem Christmas tree, the tallest Christmas tree in the United States, erected annually at the Outlets at Anthem outside Phoenix, Arizona. *Boston Christmas Tree. Since 1971, given to Boston by the people of Nova Scotia in thanks for their assistance during the 1917 Halifax Explosion. Located in the Boston Common (park), Boston Common. *Capitol Christmas Tree, the tree erected annually on the West Front Lawn of the United States Capitol, in Washington, D.C. *Chicago Christmas Tree, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Giant Plane
The Giant is a London plane tree, located in the city Chojna, Poland. It is one of the thickest trees in the country. The name of the tree in Polish – ''Olbrzym'' – means a very large, huge thing (even a person). ''The Giant'' is about 300 years old, according to the dendrochronological research,Cezary Pacyniak. ''Najstarsze drzewa w Polsce''. PTTK Kraj. 1992. p.?. and once stood in the ''Viereck'scher Garten''. It is a monumental, 35 mKrzysztof Borkowski, Robert Tomusiak, Paweł Zarzyński. ''Drzewa Polski''. PWN. 2016. p.452 tall tree with a trunk circumference of 1066 cm (in 2014, at the narrowest place, 0.45 m high).Krzysztof Borkowski. ''Polskie drzewa''. DALPO. 2014. p.42 Its circumference at breast height (CBH) is 11 m (in 2015). This plane has a large, probably multistemmed, ellipsoid trunk. It forks at heights of 2.5 and 5 m, creating a large crown. The tree is preserved by the local government because it had been set on fire several times. Since 2011 it is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jagiełło Oak
The Jagiełło Oak is the most noted of the Białowieża Forest oaks in Poland, near the border with Belarus. The tree was blown down on November 2, 1974, at which time it had a circumference of at breast height and a height of ; it had large branches and a well-developed crown. The fallen trunk can still be seen in the Białowieża National Park. King Władysław II Jagiełło is said to have rested beneath the tree before the Battle of Grunwald The Battle of Grunwald was fought on 15 July 1410 during the Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War. The alliance of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, led respectively by King Władysław II Jagiełło (Jogaila), a ... in 1410 – however at its death the tree is thought to have been no more than 450 years old, which would mean it did not begin growing until around 1524. External linksOaks in Białowieza Forestat ''Bialowieza.pl'' The Jagiełło Oak in photographsPierwszy w dostojności między dr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bażyński Oak
The Bażyński Oak is an oak tree and natural monument in Poland. It is one of the oldest trees in Poland, whose age is estimated at around 716 years according to dendrochronological research.Cezary Pacyniak. ''Najstarsze drzewa w Polsce''. PTTK Kraj. 1992. It grows in the town of Kadyny on the Vistula Lagoon.Krzysztof Borkowski, Robert Tomusiak, Paweł Zarzyński. ''Drzewa Polski''. PWN. 2016. The circumference of the tree is 10.03 metres and its height is 21 metres. The crown spread is 14 by 21.5 m. The Bażyński Oak's circumference near the ground is exceptional – around 15 metres.Robert Tomusiak, Paweł Zarzyński. ''90 drzew. Okazy niezwykłe''. Centrum Informacyjne Lasów Państwowych. 2014. It is named after Jan Bażyński (also known as Johannes von Baysen), a former owner of Kadyny and one of the founders of the Prussian Confederation. In 1880 the oak's trunk was 8.64 metres thick and the radius of its crown was 13 metres; at the time its large hollow was fitted wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arquebus
An arquebus ( ) is a form of long gun that appeared in Europe and the Ottoman Empire during the 15th century. An infantryman armed with an arquebus is called an arquebusier. The term ''arquebus'' was applied to many different forms of firearms from the 15th to 17th centuries, but it originally referred to "a hand cannon, hand-gun with a hook-like projection or lug on its under surface, useful for steadying it against battlements or other objects when firing". These "hook guns" were in their earliest forms defensive weapons mounted on German city walls in the early 15th century. The addition of a shoulder stock, priming pan, and matchlock mechanism in the late 15th century turned the arquebus into a handheld firearm and also the first firearm equipped with a trigger. The exact dating of the matchlock's appearance is disputed. It could have appeared in the Ottoman Empire as early as 1465 and in Europe a little before 1475. The heavy arquebus, which was then called a musket, was d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Vienna
The Battle of Vienna took place at Kahlenberg Mountain near Vienna on 1683 after the city had been besieged by the Ottoman Empire for two months. The battle was fought by the Holy Roman Empire (led by the Habsburg monarchy) and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, both under the command of King John III Sobieski, against the Ottomans and their vassal and tributary states. The battle marked the first time the Commonwealth and the Holy Roman Empire had cooperated militarily against the Ottomans. The defeat was a turning point for Ottoman expansion into Europe, after which they would gain no further ground. In the ensuing war that lasted until 1699, the Ottomans would cede most of Ottoman Hungary to Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor. The battle was won by the combined forces of the Holy Roman Empire and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the latter represented only by the forces of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland (the march of the Lithuanian army was delayed, and they reached ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oak Tree
An oak is a hardwood tree or shrub in the genus ''Quercus'' of the Fagaceae, beech family. They have spirally arranged leaves, often with lobed edges, and a nut called an acorn, borne within a cup. The genus is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere; it includes some 500 species, both deciduous and evergreen. Fossil oaks date back to the Middle Eocene. Molecular phylogeny shows that the genus is divided into Old World and New World clades, but many oak species Hybrid (biology), hybridise freely, making the genus's history difficult to resolve. Ecologically, oaks are keystone species in habitats from Mediterranean semi-desert to subtropical rainforest. They live in association with many kinds of fungi including truffles. Oaks support more than 950 species of caterpillar, many kinds of gall wasp which form distinctive galls (roundish woody lumps such as the oak apple), and a large number of pests and diseases. Oak leaves and acorns contain enough tannin to be toxic to catt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
