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Barquq
Al-Malik Az-Zahir Sayf ad-Din Barquq (; born ) was the first Sultan of the Circassians, Circassian Mamluk Burji dynasty of Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo), Egypt ruling from 1382 to 1389 and 1390 to 1399. Born to a Christianity, Christian father in Circassia, Barquq was enslaved and later arrived in Egypt. He deposed sultan al-Salih Hajji to claim the throne for himself. Once in power, he placed many of his family members in positions of power. Rebelling governors in 1389 restored Hajji to the throne but Barquq was able to reclaim the throne shortly after and ruled until his death in 1399 and was succeeded by his An-Nasir Faraj, son. The name Barquq is of Circassian origin and is his birth name.Tekindağ, Şehabeddin. ''Berkuk Devrinde Memlûk Sultanlığı (XIV. yüzyıl Mısır tarihine dair araştırmalar)'' Early life Barquq was of Circassians, Circassian origin,Tekindağ, Şehabeddin. ''Berkuk Devrinde Memlûk Sultanlığı (XIV. yüzyıl Mısır tarihine dair araştırmalar)'' and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mosque-Madrasa Of Sultan Barquq
Mosque-Madrasa of Sultan Barquq or Mosque-Madrasa-Khanqah of Az-Zaher Barquq () is a religious complex in Islamic Cairo, the historic medieval district of Cairo, Egypt. It was commissioned by Barquq, Sultan al-Zahir Barquq as a school for religious education in the Madhhab, four Islamic schools of thought, composed of a mosque, madrasa, mausoleum and khanqah. The complex was constructed in 1384-1386 CE (786 to 788 Islamic calendar, AH), with the dome added last. It was the first architectural facility built during the rule of the Burji dynasty, Circassian (Burji) dynasty of Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo), Mamluk Sultanate. The complex is situated in the traditional area of Muizz Street.المسالك::وصف جامع السلطان برقوق". www.almasalik.com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)
The Mamluk Sultanate (), also known as Mamluk Egypt or the Mamluk Empire, was a state that ruled medieval Egypt, Egypt, the Levant and the Hejaz from the mid-13th to early 16th centuries, with Cairo as its capital. It was ruled by a military caste of mamluks (freed slave soldiers) headed by a sultan. The sultanate was established with the overthrow of the Ayyubid dynasty in Egypt in 1250 and was Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–1517), conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1517. Mamluk history is generally divided into the Turkic peoples, Turkic or Bahri Mamluks, Bahri period (1250–1382) and the Circassians, Circassian or Burji Mamluks, Burji period (1382–1517), called after the predominant ethnicity or corps of the ruling Mamluks during these respective eras. The first rulers of the sultanate hailed from the mamluk regiments of the Ayyubid sultan as-Salih Ayyub (), usurping power from his successor in 1250. The Mamluks under Sultan Qutuz and Baybars Battle of Ain Jalut, routed the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Mamluk Sultans
The following is a list of Mamluk sultans. The Mamluk Sultanate was founded in 1250 by '' mamluks'' of the Ayyubid sultan as-Salih Ayyub and it succeeded the Ayyubid state. It was based in Cairo and for much of its history, the territory of the sultanate spanned Egypt, Syria and parts of Anatolia, Upper Mesopotamia and the Hejaz. The sultanate ended with the advent of the Ottoman Empire in 1517. The Mamluk period is generally divided into two periods, the Bahri and Burji periods. The Bahri sultans were predominantly of Turkic origins, while the Burji sultans were predominantly ethnic Circassians. While the first three Mamluk sultans, Aybak Izz al-Din AybakThe name Aybeg or Aibak or Aybak is a combination of two Turkic words, "Ay" = Moon and "Beg" or variant "Bak" = Emir in Arabic. -(Al-Maqrizi, Note p.463/vol.1 ) () (''epithet:'' al-Malik al-Mu'izz Izz al-Din Aybak al-Jawshangir ..., his son al-Mansur Ali, and Qutuz, are generally considered part of the Bahri dynas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burji Dynasty
The Burji Mamluks () or Circassian Mamluks (), sometimes referred to as the Burji dynasty, were the rulers of the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt from 1382 until 1517. As with the preceding Bahri Mamluks, the members of the Burji Mamluk ruling class were purchased as slaves (mamluks) and Manumission, manumitted, with the most powerful among them taking the role of sultan in Cairo. During this period, the ruling Mamluks were generally of Circassians, Circassian origin, drawn from the Christian population of the northern Caucasus. The name ''Burji'', meaning 'of the tower', refers to the traditional residence of these Mamluks in the barracks of the Citadel of Cairo. Although sultans typically designated their sons to succeed them after death, the latter rarely lasted more than a few years before being usurped by one of the powerful Mamluk commanders, usually from among the Mamluks purchased by previous sultans. Political power-plays often became important in designating a new sultan. Dur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
An-Nasir Faraj
Al-Nasir Faraj or Nasir-ad-Din Faraj (; ) also Faraj ibn Barquq was born in 1386 and succeeded his father Sayf-ad-Din Barquq as the second Sultan of the Burji dynasty of the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt in July 1399 with the title ''Al-Nasir''. He was only thirteen years old when he became Sultan on the sudden death of his father. His reign was marked by anarchy, pandemonium and chaos with the Timurid invasions of Tamerlane (Timur Leng, or Timur Beg Gurkani), including the sack of Aleppo and the sack of Damascus in 1400, incessant rebellions in Cairo, endless conflicts with the Emirs of Syria (with the Sultan and also amongst themselves), along with plague and famine which reduced the population of the kingdom to one-third. In September 1405, Faraj was afraid of the surrounding conspiracies, so he escaped his reign after emir Saad al-Din bin Ghurab convinced him and was replaced briefly by his brother Izz ad-Din Abd al-Aziz, then he regained his position in November the same ye ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Salih Hajji
Al-Salih Hajji (Epithet: Al-Salih Salah Zein al-Din Hajji II), also Haji II, was a Turk Mamluk Sultanate, Mamluk ruler, and the last ruler of the Bahri dynasty in 1382. He briefly ruled again in 1389, during the advent of the Burji dynasty. He fell hostage to Sayf ad-Din Barquq before the small Battle of Marj al-Saffar (1390), battle of Marj al-Saffar in 1390. He was the son of Al-Ashraf Sha'ban. Notes References *Caroline Williams, Richard Bordeaux Parker, Robin Sabin, Jaroslaw Dobrowolski, Ola Sei, ''Islamic Monuments in Cairo: The Practical Guide'' American Univ in Cairo Press, 2002 Bahri sultans 14th-century Mamluk sultans Qalawunid dynasty {{MEast-royal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
As-Salih Hajji
Al-Salih Hajji (Epithet: Al-Salih Salah Zein al-Din Hajji II), also Haji II, was a Turk Mamluk ruler, and the last ruler of the Bahri dynasty in 1382. He briefly ruled again in 1389, during the advent of the Burji dynasty. He fell hostage to Sayf ad-Din Barquq before the small battle of Marj al-Saffar in 1390. He was the son of Al-Ashraf Sha'ban Al-Ashraf Zayn ad-Din Abu al-Ma'ali Sha'ban ibn Husayn ibn Muhammad ibn Qalawun (, better known as al-Ashraf Sha'ban ( or Sha'ban II, was a Turk Mamluk sultan of the Bahri dynasty in 1363–1377. He was a grandson of Sultan al-Nasir Muhammad (r. .... Notes References *Caroline Williams, Richard Bordeaux Parker, Robin Sabin, Jaroslaw Dobrowolski, Ola Sei, ''Islamic Monuments in Cairo: The Practical Guide'' American Univ in Cairo Press, 2002 Bahri sultans 14th-century Mamluk sultans Qalawunid dynasty {{MEast-royal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tandu Khatun
Tandu Khatun () or ''Tindu Khatun'' () was a Jalayirid princess and sovereign of the Jalairid Sultanate in Iraq in 1411–1419. Background Her parentage is uncertain. According to Abd al-Razzaq Samarqandi, she was the daughter of Shaikh Awais Jalayir of the Jalairid Sultanate in Iraq. Another author, Shabankara'i, presented her as the daughter of Hasan Bozorg and Dilshad Khatun. While most of the Medieval authors such as Al-Maqrizi and Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali, as well as modern authors like (1866-1947), Mehmet Zihni (1845-1913) and Bahriye Üçok believed her to be the daughter of Shaikh Hussain Jalayir. Marriages Barquq According to Shabankara'i, she was first married to Sayf ad-Din Barquq of the Egyptian Mamluk sultanate in 1393. The marriage was arranged by his uncle Ahmad Jalayir as an alliance between Iraq and Egypt against Timur. The marriage was arranged during a journey she made with her uncle to Cairo, when Barquq was allegedly astonished by her beauty and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Mansur Ali II, Sultan Of Egypt
Al-Mansur Ala' ad-Din Ali ibn Sha'ban ibn Husayn ibn Muhammad ibn Qalawun (1368 – 19 May 1381), better known as al-Mansur Ali II, was the Mamluk sultan reigning in 1377–1381. He was installed to the throne while a child by the senior Mamluk emirs after they had rebelled against and killed al-Mansur Ali's father, Sultan al-Ashraf Sha'ban (r. 1361–1377). Al-Mansur Ali was a figurehead, with real power being held by the senior emirs, most prominently Barquq. Al-Mansur Ali died about four years into his reign and was succeeded by his younger brother, as-Salih Hajji, although real power was still held by Barquq, who usurped the throne in 1382. Biography Al-Mansur Ali was born in Cairo in 1368. His father was Sultan al-Ashraf Sha'ban (r. 1363–1377) and his mother was Khawand bint Manklibugha, the daughter of a Mamluk emir. Al-Mansur Ali had seven brothers and half-brothers and six sisters and half-sisters. His brothers were Abu Bakr (d. 1400), Ahmad (d. before 1381), Ramadan (d. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Izz Ad-Din Abd Al-Aziz
Izz al-Din Abd al-Aziz (; d. 20 September 1406) was the younger brother of An-Nasir Faraj and the son of Barquq Al-Malik Az-Zahir Sayf ad-Din Barquq (; born ) was the first Sultan of the Circassians, Circassian Mamluk Burji dynasty of Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo), Egypt ruling from 1382 to 1389 and 1390 to 1399. Born to a Christianity, Christian father in Cir .... He ruled briefly in 1405, when his brother An-Nasir Faraj escaped his rule, being afraid of the surrounding conspiracies. However, Faraj regained his position in November the same year. References Sources * Burji sultans 15th-century Mamluk sultans 1406 deaths Year of birth unknown {{Egypt-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mamluk Barquq Copper Fals Damascus 1382 1389
Mamluk or Mamaluk (; (singular), , ''mamālīk'' (plural); translated as "one who is owned", meaning "slave") were non-Arab, ethnically diverse (mostly Turkic, Caucasian, Eastern and Southeastern European) enslaved mercenaries, slave-soldiers, and freed slaves who were assigned high-ranking military and administrative duties, serving the ruling Arab and Ottoman dynasties in the Muslim world. The most enduring Mamluk realm was the knightly military class in medieval Egypt, which developed from the ranks of slave-soldiers. Originally the Mamluks were slaves of Turkic origins from the Eurasian Steppe, but the institution of military slavery spread to include Circassians, Abkhazians, Georgians, Armenians, Russians, and Hungarians, as well as peoples from the Balkans such as Albanians, Greeks, and South Slavs (''see'' Saqaliba). They also recruited from the Egyptians. The "Mamluk/Ghulam Phenomenon", as David Ayalon dubbed the creation of the specific warrior class, was of gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
