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Barguzin River
The Barguzin (; ) is a river in Buryatia, Russia, long, flowing into the Barguzin Bay of Lake Baikal, the largest and deepest bay of Baikal. Barguzin is the third (by the flow amount) inflow of Baikal, after the rivers Selenga and Upper Angara. Its watershed area is . It is navigable for upwards from its estuary. Its main tributaries are the Gagra, Argada and Ina from the left, and the Ulyun from the right. In 1648, Ivan Galkin founded an ''ostrog'' on the Barguzin. Valley In its middle part, the river flows along the Barguzin Valley or Depression (), which is long and up to wide and runs between the Barguzin Range (to the northwest) and Ikat Range (to the southeast). It also forms the western limit of the Southern Muya Range. In the valley, the river branches, loops, leaves old riverbeds, and creates a swampy water network with more than 1,000 lakes. In the valley is the Dzherga Nature Reserve () encompassing . Wind The river also gave its name to a stead ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lake Baikal
Lake Baikal is a rift lake and the deepest lake in the world. It is situated in southern Siberia, Russia between the Federal subjects of Russia, federal subjects of Irkutsk Oblast, Irkutsk Oblasts of Russia, Oblast to the northwest and the Republic of Buryatia to the southeast. At —slightly larger than Belgium—Lake Baikal is the world's List of lakes by area, seventh-largest lake by surface area, as well as the second largest lake in Eurasia after the Caspian Sea. However, because it is also the List of lakes by depth, deepest lake, with a maximum depth of , Lake Baikal is the world's List of lakes by volume, largest freshwater lake by volume, containing of water or 22–23% of the world's fresh surface water, more than all of the North American Great Lakes combined. It is also the world's ancient lake, oldest lake at 25–30 million years, and among the clearest. It is estimated that the lake contains around 19% of the unfrozen fresh water on the planet. Lake Baikal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ostrog (fortress)
Ostrog ( rus, острог, p=ɐˈstrok) is a Russian term for a small fort, typically wooden and often non-permanently staffed. Ostrogs were encircled by 4–6 metres high palisade walls made from sharpened trunks. The name derives from the Russian word строгать (strogat'), "to shave the wood". Ostrogs were smaller and exclusively military forts, compared to larger kremlins that were the cores of Russian cities. Ostrogs were often built in remote areas or within the fortification lines, such as the Great Abatis Line. History From the 17th century, after the start of the Russian conquest of Siberia, the word ''ostrog'' was used to designate the forts founded in Siberia by Russian explorers. Many of these forts later transformed into large Siberian cities. When later Siberia became a favourite destination for criminals sent there to serve katorga, Siberian ostrogs became associated with imprisonment, and in the 18th and 19th centuries the word ''ostrog'' often meant ''p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cisco (fish)
The ciscoes (or ''ciscos'') are salmonid fish that differ from other members of the genus ''Coregonus'' in having upper and lower jaws of approximately equal length and high gill raker counts. These species have been the focus of much study recently, as researchers have sought to determine the relationships among species that appear to have evolved very recently. ''Cisco'' is also specifically used for the North American species ''Coregonus artedi'', also known as lake herring. In previous taxonomic classifications, the ciscoes have been identified as a subgenus ''Leucichthys'' of the genus ''Coregonus''. Based on molecular data this is not a natural classification however, as the ciscoes are polyphyletic, comprising two different lineages within the freshwater whitefishes.Bernatchez L, Colombani F, Dodson JJ (1991Phylogenetic relationships among the subfamily Coregoninae as revealed by mitochondrial DNA restriction analysis''Journal of Fish Biology 39 (Suppl A):283-290. Contine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Master And Margarita
''The Master and Margarita'' () is a novel by Mikhail Bulgakov, written in the Soviet Union between 1928 and 1940. A censored version, with several chapters cut by editors, was published posthumously in ''Moscow'' magazine in 1966–1967 by his widow Elena Bulgakova. The manuscript was not published as a book until 1967, in Paris. A ''samizdat'' version circulated that included parts cut out by official censors, and these were incorporated in a 1969 version published in Frankfurt. The novel has since been published in several languages and editions. The story concerns a visit by the devil and his entourage to the officially atheistic Soviet Union. The devil, manifested as one Professor Woland, challenges the Soviet citizens' beliefs towards religion and condemns their behavior throughout the book. ''The Master and Margarita'' combines supernatural elements with satirical dark comedy and Christian philosophy, defying categorization within a single genre. Many critics consider ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omul
The omul, ''Coregonus migratorius'', also known as Baikal omul (), is a whitefish species of the salmon family endemic to Lake Baikal in Siberia, Russia. It is considered a delicacy and is the object of one of the largest commercial fisheries on Lake Baikal. Taxonomy The omul has traditionally been regarded as a subspecies of the Arctic cisco ''Coregonus autumnalis''. However, recent genetic studies have shown it actually belongs to the circumpolar ''Coregonus lavaretus- clupeaformis'' complex of lake whitefishes, which also has other members in Lake Baikal, and it is now considered its own species within '' Coregonus''. The four or five traditionally accepted subpopulations of omul within Lake Baikal are: North Baikal (северобайкальский), Selenga (селенгинский), Chivyrkui (чивыркуйский) and Posolsk (посольский). These vary in size, feeding behaviors and preferred spawning habitats. The extent of their reproductive isolation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akatuy Katorga
Akatuy katorga prison (Russian (spelling) , Russian: Акатуйская каторжная тюрьма, Akatuyskaya katorzhnaya tyur'ma), part of the Nerchinsk katorga system of the Russian Empire, was situated in the present-day Alexandrovo-Zavodsky District of Transbaikalia. It was constructed in 1888 at the Akatuyskiy mine, what is now the village of (Новый Акатуй). Originally labor convicts (mostly criminal) were used here for extraction of lead-silver ores. After the closing of the Kara katorga in 1890, it became one of the main centers of detention of political prisoners. It was turned into a women's penal camp in 1911 and was finally shut down after the February Revolution of 1917. George Kennan (explorer) , George Kennan visited the remnants of the mine in 1885. He noted: "Lunin, one of the Decembrist revolt, Decembrist conspirators of 1825, lived and died in penal servitude at this mine, and somewhere in the neighborhood lie buried many of the Polish patrio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dzherga Nature Reserve
Dzherginsky Nature Reserve () is a Russian 'zapovednik' (strict nature reserve), located about 100 km east of the northern section of Lake Baikal. It covers the source and upper reaches of the Barguzin River, the second largest tributary to Lake Baikal, and is at the junction of three mountain ranges - the Barguzin Range to the west of the reserve, the Ikat Range and the Southern Muya Range. The reserve's mountainous territory is dominated by larch forests. It is situated in the Kurumkansky District of Buryatia. The nearest city, Ulan-Ude, is 560 km to the south. The reserve was formally established in 1992 to protect the biodiversity of the upper Barguzin valley, and to study natural processes of the area. It covers an area of . Topography The Dzherginsky Reserve covers both mountains and river valleys. The upper Barguzin River valley begins in the southwest of the reserve, the Barguzin Range enters the reserve from the west, the Ikat Range to the east. The t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Southern Muya Range
The Southern Muya Range () is a mountain range in Buryatia and Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia, part of the Stanovoy Highlands. The highest point of the range is 3,067 m high Muisky Gigant; another important peak is 2363 m high Mount Shaman. Google Earth Geography The Southern Muya Range is located in the Baikal Rift Zone, in the southwestern part of the Baikal-Stanovoy Region. It stretches from west to east for about from the sources of the Barguzin river near the Ikat Range in the SSW, to the valley of the Bambuyka and Vitim in the east. In its eastern part it reaches a maximum width of . The mountain range is limited by the Muya-Kuanda Depression in the north, and by the Baunt Depression with the Tsipa valley in the south. Both the Bambuyka and the Tsipa are left tributaries of the Vitim. Hydrography Rivers Pravaya Shurinda and Dyaltukta, right tributaries of the Muya originate from the northwestern slopes of the axial or main Southern Muya Range. Lake Dorong is located at t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ikat Range
Ikat Range () is a mountain range in Buryatia, Russia. It runs in a parallel direction to the Baikal Rift. The range is named after two small rivers sharing the name "Ikat" which have their sources in opposite slopes of the range one is a tributary of the Gargi (Barguzin basin) and the other a tributary of the Vitimkan (Vitim basin). The name of the range originated in an Evenki word. A section of the northwestern slopes of the range is part of the Dzherginsky Nature Reserve, a protected area.Google Earth Geography The Ikat range is located in Central Buryatia, east of the Baikal Lake. It stretches for from southwest to northeast at the western limit of the Vitim Plateau. The width of the range is from and and its average elevation between and .Икатский хребет |
Barguzin Range
Barguzin Range () is a range in Buryatia, Russia along the northeastern shore of Baikal. Its length is 280 km, height up to 2,840 m. It is mostly covered by larch taiga. The range bounds the Barguzin Valley on the northwest. A part of the Barguzin Nature Reserve is located on the western slopes of the range. See also *List of ultras of Northeast Asia *South Siberian Mountains The South Siberian Mountains () are one of the largest mountain systems in North Asia. The total area of the system of mountain ranges is more than 1.5 million km². The South Siberian Mountains are located in the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal ... References Mountain ranges of Russia Landforms of Buryatia South Siberian Mountains {{Buryatia-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Depression (geology)
In geology, a depression is a landform sunken or depressed below the surrounding area. Depressions form by various mechanisms. Types Erosion-related: * Blowout (geomorphology), Blowout: a depression created by Aeolian processes, wind erosion typically in either a partially vegetated Dune, sand dune ecosystem or dry soils (such as a post-glacial loess environment). * Glacial valley: a depression carved by erosion by a glacier. * River valley: a depression carved by fluvial erosion by a river. * Area of subsidence caused by the collapse of an underlying structure, such as sinkholes in karst terrain. * Sink (geography), Sink: an endorheic depression generally containing a wikt:persistent, persistent or intermittent (seasonal) lake, a Salt pan (geology), salt flat (playa) or dry lake, or an ephemeral lake. * Panhole: a shallow depression or basin eroded into flat or gently sloping, cohesive rock.Twidale, C.R., and Bourne, J.A., 2018Rock basins (gnammas) revisited.''Géomorphologie: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Soviet Encyclopedia
The ''Great Soviet Encyclopedia'' (GSE; , ''BSE'') is one of the largest Russian-language encyclopedias, published in the Soviet Union from 1926 to 1990. After 2002, the encyclopedia's data was partially included into the later ''Great Russian Encyclopedia'' in an updated and revised form. The GSE claimed to be "the first Marxist–Leninist general-purpose encyclopedia". Origins The idea of the ''Great Soviet Encyclopedia'' emerged in 1923 on the initiative of Otto Schmidt, a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In early 1924 Schmidt worked with a group which included Mikhail Pokrovsky, (rector of the Institute of Red Professors), Nikolai Meshcheryakov (Former head of the General Directorate for the Protection of State Secrets in the Press, Glavit, the State Administration of Publishing Affairs), Valery Bryusov (poet), Veniamin Kagan (mathematician) and Konstantin Kuzminsky to draw up a proposal which was agreed to in April 1924. Also involved was Anatoly Lunacharsky, People' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
