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Banjarmasin War
The Banjarmasin War (also known as Bandjermasin War; , , or formally ''Expeditie naar de Zuider- en Oosterafdeling van Borneo'') (1859–1863) was a war of succession in the Sultanate of Banjarmasin, as well as a colonial war for the restoration of Dutch authority in the eastern and southern section of Borneo. War A struggle for power ensued between Tamjid and Hidayat, which divided the population. In early 1859, a revolt broke out east of Martapura, and Hidayat was sent to quell it. He acquired a document, signed and sealed by Tamjid, which urged the rebels to 'wreak mischief in a manner that people will think it was caused by the governor.' Hidayat was furious at Tamjid, resigned as governor and retired from politics. Tamjid then informed him he and his supporters would be punished for insubordination by troops and steamships provided by the Dutch. Colonel Augustus Johannes Andresen landed his forces on Borneo at the end of April 1859, and on 29 April 1859 assumed militar ...
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Dutch Empire
The Dutch colonial empire () comprised overseas territories and trading posts under some form of Dutch control from the early 17th to late 20th centuries, including those initially administered by Dutch chartered companies—primarily the Dutch East India Company (1602–1799) and Dutch West India Company (1621–1792)—and subsequently governed by the Dutch Republic (1581–1795) and modern Kingdom of the Netherlands (1815–1975). Following the ''de facto'' independence of the Dutch Republic from the Spanish Empire in the late 16th century, various trading companies known as '' voorcompagnie'' led maritime expeditions overseas in search of commercial opportunities. By 1600, Dutch traders and mariners had penetrated the lucrative Asian spice trade but lacked the capital or manpower to secure or expand their ventures; this prompted the States General in 1602 to consolidate several trading enterprises into the semi-state-owned Dutch East India Company (, VOC), which was g ...
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United East India Company
The United East India Company ( ; VOC ), commonly known as the Dutch East India Company, was a chartered trading company and one of the first joint-stock companies in the world. Established on 20 March 1602 by the States General of the Netherlands amalgamating existing companies, it was granted a 21-year monopoly to carry out trade activities in Asia. Shares in the company could be purchased by any citizen of the Dutch Republic and subsequently bought and sold in open-air secondary markets (one of which became the Amsterdam Stock Exchange). The company possessed quasi-governmental powers, including the ability to wage war, imprison and execute convicts, negotiate treaties, strike its own coins, and establish colonies. Also, because it traded across multiple colonies and countries from both the East and the West, the VOC is sometimes considered to have been the world's first multinational corporation. Statistically, the VOC eclipsed all of its rivals in the Asian trade. B ...
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Martapura, South Kalimantan
Martapura is the capital of the Banjar Regency in South Kalimantan province, Indonesia. It is located close to the city of Banjarbaru (with which it forms a continuous built-up area) and it consists of three districts within the Regency - Martapura, West Martapura and East Martapura, with a combined population at the 2020 Census of 169,356 people; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 174,876.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, ''Kabupaten Banjar Dalam Angka 2024'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.6303) Originally this town was named "Kayutangi", which was the last capital of the former Sultanate of Banjar. The famous Banjarese ulema Sheikh Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari, author of Sabilal Muhtadin, comes from this town. This town is famous as ''kota santri'' or the "city of ''santri'' (Muslim students)" in Kalimantan, because of the ''pesantren'' (Islamic boarding school) of Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Martapura. Martapura is often called "Veranda of Mecca" because ther ...
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Batavia (Dutch East Indies)
Batavia was the capital of the Dutch East Indies. The area corresponds to present-day Jakarta, Indonesia. Batavia can refer to the city proper or its suburbs and hinterland, the , which included the much larger area of the Residency of Batavia in the present-day Indonesian provinces of Jakarta, Banten and West Java. The founding of Batavia by the Dutch in 1619, on the site of the ruins of Jayakarta, led to the establishment of a Dutch colony; Batavia became the center of the Dutch East India Company's trading network in Asia. Monopolies on local produce were augmented by non-indigenous cash crops. To safeguard their commercial interests, the company and the colonial administration absorbed surrounding territory. Batavia is on the north coast of Java, in a sheltered bay, on a land of marshland and hills crisscrossed with canals. The city had two centers: Oud Batavia (the oldest part of the city) and Weltevreden (the relatively newer city), on higher ground to the south. It w ...
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Adam Of Banjar
Adam (1776 – 1 November 1857), with the title al-Wathiq Billah, was the Sultan of Banjar who ruled from 1825 until his death in 1857, succeeding his father, Sulaiman of Banjar. During his reign, Banjar became a Dutch protectorate in accordance with the agreement between the Dutch and his grandfather, Tahmidullah II and his father, Sulaiman. After his death, a succession crisis began and led to the long Banjarmasin War and ultimately brought down the sultanate. ISBN 978-979-407-409-1 Early Life Sultan Adam was born in 1776 in Karang Anyar village, Karang Intan, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Adam was the eldest son of Sultan Sulaiman's 23 other sons. He received the title of Sultan Muda Sultan Muda (b. and d. 1579; literally "young sultan") was a nominal sultan of Aceh in northern Sumatra. His brief tenure started a decade-long period of dynastic weakness and strife in the Aceh kingdom. Sultan Muda was the only known child of th ... since 1782. When Adam d ...
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Maluka
Maluka (or Maluko) was a small independent state located around the Sungei Maluka, southeast of Banjarmasin, Bandjermassin on the island of Borneo .''De man die vrouwen verzamelde; Een koloniale geschiedenis van de Kokos-eilanden'' by Joop van den Berg (‘s-Gravenhage 1998) It was established in a land concession (territory), concession acquired by an English adventurer Alexander Hare from the Sultanate of Banjar, Sultan of Banjarmassin in 1812 and lasted 4 years until 1816. History After the successful British Empire, British invasion of the previously Dutch territory of Java in 1811 (part of the wider Napoleonic Wars of the time), Lieutenant-Governor Stamford Raffles of the British East India Company sent the private merchant Alexander Hare to the region and appointed him Resident of Banjarmasin and Commissioner of the Island of Borneo (1811–16). Hare then acquired 1,400 square miles of land from the Sultan of Banjarmasin stretching along the coast from the mouth of the ...
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Alexander Hare
Alexander Hare (1775–1834) was an English colonialist merchant and politician, infamous for his polygamy. According to British anthropologist Nigel Barley, Hare's "enduring notoriety" is due to his "large, multi-ethnic harem of nslavedwomen." Hare is also known for his attempts at founding settlements in Maluka near Banjarmasin on the island of Borneo and the Cocos-Keeling Islands. Following "his brief appointment as the Commissioner of Borneo," he had a harem of 40, sometimes reported as 100, enslaved women, mostly of Malay ancestry. Malacca Alexander Hare was born in London in 1775. The son of Janet (last name unknown) and Mr. Hare, a London watchmaker, Alexander joined a trading company in Portugal around 1800. He moved to Calcutta, and settled as a merchant in Malacca in 1807. Among the places he traded to was Banjarmasin, on the southern coast of Borneo. Banjarmasin had a Dutch trading post, but it was abandoned in 1809 due to British naval hostilities. The ...
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Napoleonic Wars
{{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battles of Battle of Austerlitz, Austerlitz, Fall of Berlin (1806), Berlin, Battle of Friedland, Friedland, Battle of Aspern-Essling, Aspern-Essling, French occupation of Moscow, Moscow, Battle of Leipzig, Leipzig and Battle of Paris (1814), Paris , date = {{start and end dates, 1803, 5, 18, 1815, 11, 20, df=yes({{Age in years, months, weeks and days, month1=05, day1=18, year1=1803, month2=11, day2=20, year2=1815) , place = Atlantic Ocean, Caucasus, Europe, French Guiana, Mediterranean Sea, North Sea, West Indies, Ottoman Egypt, Egypt, East Indies. , result = Coalition victory , combatant1 = Coalition forces of the Napoleonic Wars, Coalition forces:{{flagcountry, United Kingdom of Great Britain and ...
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British People
British people or Britons, also known colloquially as Brits, are the citizens of the United Kingdom, the British Overseas Territories, and the Crown dependencies.: British nationality law governs modern British citizenship and nationality, which can be acquired, for instance, by descent from British nationals. When used in a historical context, "British" or "Britons" can refer to the Ancient Britons, the Celtic languages, Celtic-speaking inhabitants of Great Britain during the British Iron Age, Iron Age, whose descendants formed the major part of the modern Welsh people, Cornish people, Bretons and considerable proportions of English people. It also refers to those British subjects born in parts of the former British Empire that are now independent countries who settled in the United Kingdom prior to 1973. Though early assertions of being British date from the Late Middle Ages, the Union of the Crowns in 1603 and the creation of the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707 triggered ...
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Dutch East Indies
The Dutch East Indies, also known as the Netherlands East Indies (; ), was a Dutch Empire, Dutch colony with territory mostly comprising the modern state of Indonesia, which Proclamation of Indonesian Independence, declared independence on 17 August 1945. Following the Indonesian National Revolution, Indonesian War of Independence, Indonesia and the Netherlands Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference, made peace in 1949. In the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824, the Dutch ceded the governorate of Dutch Malacca to Britain, leading to its eventual incorporation into Malacca, Malacca (state) of modern Malaysia. The Dutch East Indies was formed from the nationalised Factory (trading post), trading posts of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Batavian Republic, Dutch government in 1800. During the 19th century, the Dutch fought Royal Netherlands East Indies Army, many wars against indigenous rulers and peoples, which caused hundreds of thousands of d ...
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Herman Willem Daendels
Herman Willem Daendels (21 October 1762 – 2 May 1818) was a Dutch military officer and colonial administrator who served as governor-general of the Dutch East Indies from 1808 to 1811. Early life Herman Willem Daendels was born on 21 October 1762 in Hattem, Netherlands. His father, Burchard Johan Daendels, served as a mayoral secretary; his mother was Josina Christina Tulleken. Daendels pursued a legal education at the University of Harderwijk and obtained his doctorate on 10 April 1783. Political activity In 1785, Daendels aligned himself with the Patriots, a faction gaining control in various Dutch cities. In September 1786, he unsuccessfully defended the town of Hattem against troops loyal to the stadholder. The following year, in September 1787, Daendels played a role in the defense of Amsterdam against the invading Prussian army, which aimed to reinstate William V of Orange. Subsequently, when William V regained power, Daendels fled to French Flanders to evade a dea ...
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